Abstract: Under the influence of rapid urbanization, the shift is occurring between different types of livelihood capitals’ ownership and structure configuration from farmers, impacting on farmers household strategies’ choice, accelerating livelihood model’s transition. Ningxia Hui presents a characteristic of big area inhabited by several nationalities and little region inhabited by their own, selecting 22 villages’ 451 farmers to survey from it, based on calculation for farmers’ livelihood capitals ownership and structure, by applying binary logistic model and multi-logistic model to analyze the influence factors of farmers household strategies’ choice and the dynamic of livelihood transition. The research shows: (1) Farmers livelihood capitals’ composition of the different household strategies exists a big gap, in the multi-dimensional development capability from its composite index view, farmers are divided into households with being based on non-agriculture and supplemented by agriculture, households with being based on agriculture and supplemented by non-agriculture, non-farmer, pure peasant households respectively from highest to lowest; (2) Natural capital has an apparently positive effect on pure peasant households and households with being based on agriculture and supplemented by non-agriculture’s livelihood choice, however financial capital, human capital and social capital have a significantly positive impact on households with being based on non-agriculture and supplemented by agriculture’s livelihood choice, and social capital has a prominently influence on non-farmer; (3)The main dynamic is financial capital from pure peasant households to households with being based on agriculture and supplemented by non-agriculture, the major dynamic is human capital turning to households with being based on non-agriculture and supplemented by agriculture, and the chief dynamic is social capital toward non-farmer yet, the households comprehensive labor force and the social diversification degree are prominently promoter for farmers’ livelihood transition. Seeing from retardation factor, different types of transition modes exist a great difference. For household strategy of different farmers, policy support having pertinence was proposed finally.