Abstract: “The Belt and Road” area covers China’s energy lifeline as well as the most centralized area of risk where China’s energy transport corridor is confronting. Based on the perspective of China's oil trade cooperation with 12 oil supply countries along “the Belt and Road”, this paper constructed an evaluation system from two dimensions of revenue and risk to do a hierarchy analysis respectively. Furthermore, this paper constructed an oil trade cooperation revenue-risk matrix among China and the relevant countries, and comprehensively analyzed the energy geopolitical pattern among the super energy consumptive countries including China, US, Russia and Japan. The study finds that from the perspective of cooperation-revenue, Saudi Arabia can bring the highest revenue on China’s future large-scale oil trade cooperation, followed by Russia. From the point of view of risk evaluation, the highest risk of cooperation lies in Iraq, followed by Azerbaijan and Iran. Through the revenue-risk matrix, all the countries are divided into four categories: high risk-high revenue, low risk-high revenue, high risk-low revenue and low risk-low revenue. The classification result shows that Saudi Arabia, Russia, Kuwait and Kazakhstan are low risk-high revenue countries, which can be chosen as the preferred partners; Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Brunei are high risk-low revenue countries with the lowest cooperation potential. In addition, “the Belt and Road” area is facing a complex energy geopolitical situation with intertwined powerful forces. To ensure the energy demands and interests in such a competitive environment, China is imperative to make a breakthrough in national policy and regional cooperation.