Abstract: Foreign economic development in Southwest China involving inland, coastal and border area three space force in miniature .Analyzing spatial evolution of foreign economic development and its driving factors has an important significance for clarifying the direction of development and deepening opening-up in Southwest China .This paper choose 61 prefectural level cities as the research unit, using entropy method, Theil index, σ convergence and standard deviation ellipse method, constructed the index system to establish the concept of foreign economic development degree. This paper analyzed the evolution characteristics of foreign economic development in southwest area in 2003-2014 years, combined with the macroeconomic environment and regional characteristics, analyzed the driving factors of foreign economic development in Southwest China and put forward some policy recommendations. The results show that: 1. The spatial difference of foreign economic development in Southwest China is increasing, evolving from the relative equilibrium to the polarization pattern. Chengdu and Chongqing are the core of foreign trade in the southwest region. Dehong, Chongzuo, Fangchenggang and other coastal areas along the border are rising gradually of foreign economic development; 2, under the influence of space force in inland ,coastal and border, foreign economic center showed the first northward and southward trend, the core area of foreign economic development along the northeast - southwest to the development ;3, economic development, transportation and infrastructure, the national policy and the international political and economic environment are combined to effect the pattern, promoted the development of foreign economic spatial differentiation;4, The center of foreign economic development in Southwest China will move southward, and Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi will expand the opening to the south. Sichuan, Chongqing has diversified open direction, opening to the north of the larger trend.