Abstract: India Ocean has an irreplaceable geostrategic status. India Ocean Region is the key area of our country “One Belt and One Road”Initiative,and It has great significance to implement of “One Belt and One Road”Initiative.With the implementation of the India Ocean strategies from some big countries, such as United States, India, India Ocean begins to become a hot region to compete for in twenty-first Century.“One Belt and One Road”Initiative has broad prospects in the India Ocean Region, but also facing complex threats and challenges.This paper analysed the geopolitical risks of “One Belt and One Road”Initiative in India Ocean Region from the perspective of structural realism geopolitics,and put forward some suggestions to safeguard the security and stability of the India Ocean Region and speed up“One Belt and One Road” construction.The study found that the geopolitical risks faced in the India area during the construction of The Belt and Road” mainly lie in the following: the strategic control of the India area from America and India, the rejection of The Belt and Road" initiative, the change of Geopolitical pivot states’ attitude, the influence of terrorism, and other non-traditional security problems etc.