

世界地理研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 122-135.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.03.20240614
• 城市与产业 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2024-07-30
修回日期:2024-12-10
出版日期:2026-03-15
发布日期:2026-03-30
通讯作者:
邓欣然
作者简介:曹泽(1969—),男,教授,博士,研究方向为产业经济,E-mail:caoze06@163.com。
基金资助:
Ze CAO1(
), Xinran DENG1(
), Lizhi CUI2
Received:2024-07-30
Revised:2024-12-10
Online:2026-03-15
Published:2026-03-30
Contact:
Xinran DENG
摘要:
以“宽带中国”试点城市的推行作为政策冲击,使用多期三重差分模型研究数字基建水平是否降低了省际行政边界地区企业的污染排放,并探究两者间的作用机制。研究发现,数字基建水平能够抑制边界地区企业污染排放,该结果经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析结果表明,数字基建水平通过发挥内部资源效应和外部监管效应抑制边界地区企业排污,倒逼企业绿色转型,并且具有对地理屏障的突破效应。异质性检验结果表明,对于非高科技企业或处于资源型城市边界地区的企业而言,数字基建的减污效果更加显著。文章拓展了边界效应及数字基建的环境效益研究,为促进边界地区高质量发展提供了经验证据和思路启示。
曹泽, 邓欣然, 崔立志. 数字基建对行政边界企业污染减排的影响研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2026, 35(3): 122-135.
Ze CAO, Xinran DENG, Lizhi CUI. Study on the impact of digital infrastructure on pollution abatement of enterprises at administrative boundaries:[J]. World Regional Studies, 2026, 35(3): 122-135.
| 变量名 | 省际边界上的县 | 非省际边界上的县 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 观测值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 观测值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | |
| 总污染量指数(Pollution) | 3 206 | 0.542 | 0.095 | 7 660 | 0.546 | 0.109 |
| 企业规模(Size) | 3 142 | 22.353 | 1.281 | 7 333 | 22.355 | 1.243 |
| 总资产净收益率(Roa) | 3 142 | 0.048 | 0.059 | 7 333 | 0.047 | 0.059 |
| 流动比率(Liquid) | 3 142 | 2.509 | 2.347 | 7 333 | 2.367 | 2.309 |
| 资产负债率(Lev) | 3 142 | 0.406 | 0.198 | 7 333 | 0.424 | 0.204 |
| 总资产增长率(Asset) | 3 142 | 0.195 | 0.455 | 7 333 | 0.165 | 0.371 |
| 董事会规模(Board) | 3 142 | 2.122 | 0.178 | 7 333 | 2.145 | 0.199 |
| 是否两职合一(Dual) | 3 142 | 0.284 | 0.451 | 7 333 | 0.244 | 0.429 |
| 股权集中度(Top10) | 3 142 | 58.765 | 15.133 | 7 333 | 57.632 | 15.477 |
| 是否国企(Soe) | 3 076 | 0.276 | 0.447 | 7 209 | 0.429 | 0.495 |
| 企业年龄(age) | 3 142 | 2.916 | 0.321 | 7 333 | 2.925 | 0.301 |
表1 主要变量描述性统计
Tab.1 Descriptive statistics of primary variables
| 变量名 | 省际边界上的县 | 非省际边界上的县 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 观测值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 观测值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | |
| 总污染量指数(Pollution) | 3 206 | 0.542 | 0.095 | 7 660 | 0.546 | 0.109 |
| 企业规模(Size) | 3 142 | 22.353 | 1.281 | 7 333 | 22.355 | 1.243 |
| 总资产净收益率(Roa) | 3 142 | 0.048 | 0.059 | 7 333 | 0.047 | 0.059 |
| 流动比率(Liquid) | 3 142 | 2.509 | 2.347 | 7 333 | 2.367 | 2.309 |
| 资产负债率(Lev) | 3 142 | 0.406 | 0.198 | 7 333 | 0.424 | 0.204 |
| 总资产增长率(Asset) | 3 142 | 0.195 | 0.455 | 7 333 | 0.165 | 0.371 |
| 董事会规模(Board) | 3 142 | 2.122 | 0.178 | 7 333 | 2.145 | 0.199 |
| 是否两职合一(Dual) | 3 142 | 0.284 | 0.451 | 7 333 | 0.244 | 0.429 |
| 股权集中度(Top10) | 3 142 | 58.765 | 15.133 | 7 333 | 57.632 | 15.477 |
| 是否国企(Soe) | 3 076 | 0.276 | 0.447 | 7 209 | 0.429 | 0.495 |
| 企业年龄(age) | 3 142 | 2.916 | 0.321 | 7 333 | 2.925 | 0.301 |
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| DID×Border | -0.249***(-2.850) | -0.286***(-3.360) | -0.226**(-2.590) | -0.265***(-3.090) |
| DID | 0.064***(4.000) | 0.066***(4.150) | 0.065***(4.040) | 0.070***(4.300) |
| Treat×Border | 0.125*(1.770) | 0.043(0.600) | 0.129*(1.700) | 0.016(0.220) |
| Post×Border | 0.049(0.580) | 0.099(1.200) | 0.021(0.240) | 0.080(0.970) |
| Size | 0.025**(2.230) | 0.024**(2.010) | ||
| Roa | 0.091(1.000) | 0.043(0.480) | ||
| Liquid | -0.009***(-2.870) | -0.007**(-2.310) | ||
| Lev | -0.223***(-4.540) | -0.149***(-3.020) | ||
| Asset | -0.007(-0.730) | -0.012(-1.150) | ||
| Board | -0.029(-0.770) | 0.003(0.080) | ||
| Dual | -0.013(-0.930) | -0.008(-0.600) | ||
| Top10 | 0.001(0.740) | 0.001(1.450) | ||
| Soe | -0.075**(-2.550) | -0.099***(-3.210) | ||
| Age | -0.849***(-10.760) | -0.838***(-10.190) | ||
| 个体固定 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 时间规定 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 行业固定 | NO | YES | NO | YES |
| Observations | 10 334 | 10 334 | 9 764 | 9 764 |
| R-squared | 0.854 | 0.864 | 0.861 | 0.894 |
表2 基准回归结果
Tab.2 Baseline regression result
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| DID×Border | -0.249***(-2.850) | -0.286***(-3.360) | -0.226**(-2.590) | -0.265***(-3.090) |
| DID | 0.064***(4.000) | 0.066***(4.150) | 0.065***(4.040) | 0.070***(4.300) |
| Treat×Border | 0.125*(1.770) | 0.043(0.600) | 0.129*(1.700) | 0.016(0.220) |
| Post×Border | 0.049(0.580) | 0.099(1.200) | 0.021(0.240) | 0.080(0.970) |
| Size | 0.025**(2.230) | 0.024**(2.010) | ||
| Roa | 0.091(1.000) | 0.043(0.480) | ||
| Liquid | -0.009***(-2.870) | -0.007**(-2.310) | ||
| Lev | -0.223***(-4.540) | -0.149***(-3.020) | ||
| Asset | -0.007(-0.730) | -0.012(-1.150) | ||
| Board | -0.029(-0.770) | 0.003(0.080) | ||
| Dual | -0.013(-0.930) | -0.008(-0.600) | ||
| Top10 | 0.001(0.740) | 0.001(1.450) | ||
| Soe | -0.075**(-2.550) | -0.099***(-3.210) | ||
| Age | -0.849***(-10.760) | -0.838***(-10.190) | ||
| 个体固定 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 时间规定 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 行业固定 | NO | YES | NO | YES |
| Observations | 10 334 | 10 334 | 9 764 | 9 764 |
| R-squared | 0.854 | 0.864 | 0.861 | 0.894 |
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 滞后一期 | 生态补偿 | 低碳城市试点 | |
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| DID×Border | -0.435*** (-14.050) | -0.285*** (-3.050) | -0.745*** (-5.500) |
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES |
| N | 7 838 | 7 734 | 4 988 |
| R2 | 0.893 | 0.861 | 0.891 |
表3 稳健性检验
Tab.3 Robustness test
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 滞后一期 | 生态补偿 | 低碳城市试点 | |
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| DID×Border | -0.435*** (-14.050) | -0.285*** (-3.050) | -0.745*** (-5.500) |
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES |
| N | 7 838 | 7 734 | 4 988 |
| R2 | 0.893 | 0.861 | 0.891 |
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wb | Media | Penalties | |
| DID×Border | 0.015*** (4.040) | 0.828*** (5.760) | -0.218** (-2.280) |
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.832 | 0.792 | 0.592 |
| N | 9 046 | 9 639 | 9 791 |
表4 数字基建与监管效应
Tab.4 Digital infrastructure and the effects of social regulation
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wb | Media | Penalties | |
| DID×Border | 0.015*** (4.040) | 0.828*** (5.760) | -0.218** (-2.280) |
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.832 | 0.792 | 0.592 |
| N | 9 046 | 9 639 | 9 791 |
| 变量 | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| SA | Innovation | |
| DID×Border | -0.020* (-1.700) | 0.348*** (3.910) |
| 控制变量 | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.971 | 0.784 |
| N | 9 791 | 9 791 |
表5 数字基建与资源效应
Tab.5 Digital infrastructure and resource effects
| 变量 | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| SA | Innovation | |
| DID×Border | -0.020* (-1.700) | 0.348*** (3.910) |
| 控制变量 | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.971 | 0.784 |
| N | 9 791 | 9 791 |
| 变量 | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| Pollution | Pollution | |
| DID×Border | -0.194** (-2.010) | -0.165* (-1.700) |
| Rugg | 0.123*** (2.600) | 0.085* (1.760) |
| DID×Border*Rugg | 0.187*** (4.060) | 0.177*** (3.160) |
| 控制变量 | NO | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.854 | 0.861 |
| N | 9 759 | 9 216 |
表6 数字基建与地理屏障
Tab.6 Digital infrastructure and geographic barriers
| 变量 | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| Pollution | Pollution | |
| DID×Border | -0.194** (-2.010) | -0.165* (-1.700) |
| Rugg | 0.123*** (2.600) | 0.085* (1.760) |
| DID×Border*Rugg | 0.187*** (4.060) | 0.177*** (3.160) |
| 控制变量 | NO | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.854 | 0.861 |
| N | 9 759 | 9 216 |
| Panal A | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| 高科技企业 | 非高科技企业 | 高科技企业 | 非高科技企业 | |
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| Border | -0.167**(-2.130) | 0.185**(2.200) | ||
| DID×Border | -0.053(-0.470) | -0.653***(-4.620) | ||
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.886 | 0.852 | 0.886 | 0.854 |
| N | 3 527 | 6 227 | 3 527 | 6 227 |
| Panal B | ||||
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| 资源型城市 | 非资源型城市 | 资源型城市 | 非资源型城市 | |
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| Border | 0.650***(3.940) | -0.109*(-1.690) | ||
| DID×Border | -0.828***(-4.500) | 0.030(0.270) | ||
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.874 | 0.857 | 0.876 | 0.858 |
| N | 1 452 | 8 339 | 1 452 | 8 339 |
表7 异质性检验
Tab.7 Heterogeneity test
| Panal A | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| 高科技企业 | 非高科技企业 | 高科技企业 | 非高科技企业 | |
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| Border | -0.167**(-2.130) | 0.185**(2.200) | ||
| DID×Border | -0.053(-0.470) | -0.653***(-4.620) | ||
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.886 | 0.852 | 0.886 | 0.854 |
| N | 3 527 | 6 227 | 3 527 | 6 227 |
| Panal B | ||||
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| 资源型城市 | 非资源型城市 | 资源型城市 | 非资源型城市 | |
| Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | Pollution | |
| Border | 0.650***(3.940) | -0.109*(-1.690) | ||
| DID×Border | -0.828***(-4.500) | 0.030(0.270) | ||
| 控制变量 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| 固定效应 | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| R2 | 0.874 | 0.857 | 0.876 | 0.858 |
| N | 1 452 | 8 339 | 1 452 | 8 339 |
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