Abstract: Abstract: Taking the construction of Boten-Vientiane railway as background, using Arc GIS network analysis technology, aiming at characteristic of tourism economy system and transportation system in research area. This paper constructs traffic accessibility index model and tourism economic linkage potential model. Based on this, this paper expounds the significance of changing traffic conditions on spatial pattern evolution of regional accessibility, and discusses the coordination between tourism and traffic through spatial variability rate of tourism economic linkages potential. Furthermore, it analyzes the influence of daily accessibility variation caused by high speed rail on spatial differentiation of isotime circle. The results show that railway construction can improve comprehensive location conditions of transportation and tourism in research area and has obvious spatiotemporal compression effect on tourism economic linkages potential among cities. Although polarization phenomenon still exists in tourism development level pattern, spatial differences are decreasing continuously. Overall, the opening of high-speed rail promotes the formation of tourism economic belt along high railway , along with accelerating tourism industrial cluster formation and development, which will greatly affect the tourism economy development of Laos.