主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

世界地理研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 84-96.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2025.04.20230690

• 世界政治与经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

世界各国乡村综合发展水平评价及障碍因素研究

陈义勇(), 祝玲, 洪武扬, 郭仁忠()   

  1. 深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院,深圳 518060
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-16 修回日期:2024-05-12 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 郭仁忠
  • 作者简介:陈义勇(1985—),男,副教授,博士,研究方向为城乡景观演变及规划,E-mail:chenyiy@szu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大项目(42293273)

Study on the evaluation of comprehensive rural development level and obstacles in countries worldwide

Yiyong CHEN(), Ling ZHU, Wuyang HONG, Renzhong GUO()   

  1. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
  • Received:2023-10-16 Revised:2024-05-12 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-27
  • Contact: Renzhong GUO

摘要:

基于乡村发展内涵,构建全球乡村综合发展水平评价指标体系,采用2020年的数据,运用AHP-熵权法、TOPSIS法和障碍度模型,对全球175个国家(地区)的乡村综合发展水平及障碍度进行分析,并重点比较中国的乡村综合发展水平及其落后于主要发达国家的指标。研究认为,在全球层面上,各国乡村综合发展水平差异主要体现在农业和农村发展方面。乡村综合发展水平分级与国家人均GDP、HDI和城镇化水平分级存在联系和差异。各国乡村发展的主要障碍因素包括农业机械化水平、农业土地产出率、劳均耕地面积、千人医生数、农民人均收入等。农业生产投入水平和农业产出质量效益,是制约大多数国家乡村发展的核心因素。中国乡村发展处于全球中等水平,乡村综合发展水平滞后于人均GDP和城镇化水平,在农村发展、农民生活方面与发达国家仍有较大差距。基于研究发现,本文从农业农村发展和农民生活水平提升等方面提出我国乡村综合发展水平的提升策略。

关键词: 乡村综合发展水平, 中国乡村发展, TOPSIS法, 障碍度模型

Abstract:

Based on the connotation of rural development, a global evaluation index system for the level of comprehensive rural development was constructed, and the level of comprehensive rural development and the degree of obstacles in 175 countries and regions around the world were analyzed by using the AHP-entropy weight method, the TOPSIS method and the obstacle-degree model, as well as exploring China's level of development and the indicators that lagged behind those of major developed countries. The study concludes that at the global level, the differences in the level of integrated rural development among countries are mainly reflected in agriculture and rural development. The classification of the level of integrated rural development is both related to and different from the classification of the country's GDP per capita, HDI and urbanization levels. The main impediments to rural development in each country include the level of agricultural mechanization, agricultural land productivity, cultivated area per laborer, number of doctors per 1,000 people, and per capita income of farmers. The level of agricultural production inputs and the quality and efficiency of agricultural outputs are the core factors constraining rural development in most countries. China's rural development is at the middle level of the world, and the level of comprehensive rural development lags behind the level of GDP per capita and urbanization, and there is still a big gap between rural development and farmers' lives and developed countries. Based on the findings of the study, we propose strategies to improve China's comprehensive rural development in terms of agricultural and rural development and the improvement of farmers' living standards.

Key words: comprehensive rural development level, rural development in China, TOPSIS method, obstacle degree model