Abstract: Abstract: Since the problem of climate change has become increasingly severe, the question about balance between economic development, human development and carbon emissions from new perspective of human well-being has drawn a large attention of the academics. Carbon emission performance was a hot issue of low-carbon development research. It has been the main focus to measure carbon productivity, attached importance to the carbon emission performance for economic development, but ignored the carbon emission performance for human development, especially economic performance for human development. According to the idea about carbon emission performance, we built evaluation model for carbon emission performance; with applying of LMDI decomposition method, analyzed the effects of carbon emission performance in the Central China. Some conclusions can been drawn as follows: first, from 1990 to 2008,carbon productivity of the Central China tended to increase at first and then decreased, economic performance for human well-being as a whole showed a decreasing trend of convergence, carbon emission performance for human well-being as a whole showed a decreasing trend, and the gap of carbon emission performance for human well-being about six provinces in Central China was narrowing. Second, economic performance for human well-being showed an increasing trend of convergence and its evolution from the inhibitory effect to the driven effect from 1990 to 2008. Third, carbon emission performance was the synthesis of carbon productivity effect and economic performance effect of human development, and carbon productivity effect was a decisive factor in the total effect of carbon emission performance from 1990 to 2008.