Abstract: The software of Arc GIS 9.3 was adopted to analyze the spatial pattern of national piano manufacturing firms in China, based on some indices such as the nearest neighbor index, the nuclear density index, Ripley’s L index and so on. The results show that the national piano manufacturing firms in China have significant characteristics of spatial concentration, taking a growing trend. Most of the firms are mainly distributed in the Yangtze Delta Region, areas surrounding Bo Sea, Pearl River Delta area and eastern coastal areas. Besides, some other firms are mainly distributed in some Provinces along Changjiang River, such as Sichuan and Hubei. On the whole, the spatial pattern of national piano manufacturing firms in China, which is in agreement with that of the distribution of piano penetration to a certain extent, presents a shape of ‘T’ distribution. What’s more, the agglomeration degree has enhanced and firm’s scale has expanded on small scale, while the agglomeration degree of firms continues to increase with the increase of scale, and the firms’ concentration scale has been narrowing. Finally, on the basis of the above results, some factors, which are used to explain the spatial pattern of national piano manufacturing firms in China, such as able men effects, policy support, foreign capital drives and agglomeration effects, are summed up and analyzed in the paper.