中亚城镇化研究的文献分析及热点变化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2021.01.2019387

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

丝绸之路经济带加快发展背景下，中亚地区的城镇化问题受到关注。以Web of Science核心合集和中国知网为数据来源，检索1980—2017年间中亚城镇化研究领域的相关文献，运用文献计量分析方法对中亚城镇化研究的文献分布特征与热点变化态势进行了分析。研究认为：（1）国内外期刊对中亚城镇化研究的数量均快速增加，国外期刊对中亚城镇化的研究多集中在欧美发达国家和机构，国内期刊的相关研究主要集中在新疆的大学和科研机构；（2）国际期刊对中亚城镇化的研究热点与中亚城镇化所处阶段特征相呼应，依次关注居民生活与健康问题、资源开发与环境问题、工业发展与污染问题、国际合作与人口迁移，其中环境健康是常年关注的核心问题；（3）国内期刊对中亚城镇化的研究起步较晚，2000—2009年间对能源合作特别关注，2010—2017年间对政治、经济、社会和交通多元合作开始全面关注，能源合作是长期关注的焦点，“一带一路”成为近期研究的重点领域；（4）综合来看，国内外对中亚城镇化问题的关注面较广，对城镇化问题的聚焦度不够，全球化和“一带一路”背景下的中亚城镇化问题研究会成为研究的新热点。

关键词: 丝绸之路经济带, 中亚, 城镇化, 研究热点, 文献计量方法

Abstract:

Central Asia has a very important influence in the global network of contacts with its unique geographical location, rich resource endowments and complex political conditions. The urbanization process of Central Asian countries has always been the focus of international scholars. By searching for documents related to urbanization in Central Asia between 1980 and 2017 using SCI and CNKI databases as data sources, this paper analyzes the process and research hotspots of urbanization in Central Asia from multiple perspectives through bibliometric. The results show that: (1) The number of studies on Urbanization in Central Asia by domestic and foreign journals has increased rapidly. International journals research on Urbanization in Central Asia is mostly concentrated in developed countries and institutions in Europe and America and the research of domestic journals is mainly concentrated in universities and scientific research institutions in Xinjiang. (2) International research on urbanization in Central Asia can be divided into four stages. The hot keywords at different stages are life and health problems, resource development and environmental problems, industry and pollution problems, international cooperation and population migration. Among them, environmental health problem is the core issue of perennial concern. (3) The study of urbanization in Central Asia started late in domestic journals. During 2000-2009, domestic journals focused on energy cooperation and during 2010-2017, domestic journals have begun to pay full attention to the pluralistic cooperation of politics, economy, society and transportation. Among them, energy cooperation is the focus of long-term concern. "The belt and one road" has become the focus of recent research. (4) Generally speaking, domestic and international attention to urbanization in Central Asia is relatively wide, and the focus on urbanization is not enough. Globalization and the study of Central Asian urbanization under the background of "One Belt and One Road" has become a new hot spot of research.Key words: Silk Road Economic Belt; Central Asia; urbanization; research hotspots; bibliometric method

马海涛, 孙湛, 张芳芳. 中亚城镇化研究的文献分析及热点变化[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(1): 80-89.

Haitao MA, Zhan SUN, Fangfang ZHANG. Literature analysis and hotspot change of urbanization research in Central Asia[J]. World Regional Studies, 2021, 30(1): 80-89.

图/表 7

图1 中亚城镇化文献检索关键词

Fig.1 Key words of Central Asia urbanization research

图2 中外文献库中亚城镇化研究论文数量变化

Fig.2 Number of research papers on urbanization in Central Asia in SCI and CNKI

图3 SCI文献库（左）和CNKI文献库（右）中亚城镇化研究数量排名前15位的机构注：Ⅰ.俄罗斯科学院、Ⅱ.德黑兰大学、Ⅲ.伊斯兰阿扎德大学、Ⅳ.中国科学院、Ⅴ.伦敦大学、Ⅵ.欧亚国立大学、Ⅶ.纳扎尔巴耶夫大学、Ⅷ.波恩大学、Ⅸ.哈萨克斯坦国立大学、Ⅹ.德黑兰医科大学、Ⅺ.乌兹别克斯坦科学院、Ⅻ.伦敦帝国理工大学、XIII.国际水资源研究所、XIV.柏林自由大学、XV.美国科学院; A.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所、B.国土资源部信息中心、C.新疆大学法学院、D.中国科学院大学、E.新疆水利厅、F.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所、G.新疆财经大学国际经贸学院、H.中国水利水电科学研究院、I.新疆大学经济与管理学院、J.新疆财经大学中亚经贸研究院、K.西北大学经济管理学院、L.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院、M.兰州大学中亚研究所、N.新疆财经大学经济学院、O.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院。

Fig.3 Top 15 institutions in urbanization research in Central Asia in SCI (left) and CNKI (right) database

图4 SCI文献库中亚城镇化研究的知识图谱与热点变化

Fig.4 Knowledge map and hotspot evolution of central Asia urbanization research in SCI database

表1 不同时段SCI文献库中亚城镇化研究的热点关键词

Tab.1 Hot keywords of central Asia urbanization research in four time periods in SCI

时段	1980—1991年		1992—2000年		2001—2010年		2011—2017年
序号	关键词	占比	关键词	占比	关键词	占比	关键词	占比
1	Uzbekistan	13%	Kazakhstan	10%	Kazakhstan	9%	Central Asia	6%
2	USSR	13%	Aerosol	8%	Heavy metal	5%	Kazakhstan	3%
3	Disease	8%	Caspian Sea	6%	Central Asia	5%	China	3%
4	Central Asia	8%	Pollution	6%	Tajikistan	5%	Management	3%
5	Lamb	8%	Russia	4%	Uzbekistan	5%	Kyrgyzstan	2%
6	-	-	Growth	4%	Caspian Sea	4%	Impact	2%
7	-	-	Central Asia	4%	Water	4%	Climate Change	2%
8	-	-	Uzbekistan	4%	Pollution	2%	Heavy metal	2%
9	-	-	Crisis	4%	Economic	2%	Basin	2%
10	-	-	Kyrgyzstan	3%	Oil	2%	Irrigation	2%

图5 CNKI文献库中亚城镇化研究的知识图谱与热点变化

Fig.5 Knowledge map and hotspot evolution of central Asia urbanization research in CNKI

表2 不同时段CNKI文献库中亚城镇化研究的热点关键词

Tab.2 Hot keywords of central Asia urbanization research in two time periods in CNKI

时段	2000—2009年		2010—2017年
序号	关键词	占比	关键词	占比
1	能源外交	4.50%	哈萨克斯坦	3.57%
2	俄罗斯	3.33%	丝绸之路经济带	3.39%
3	能源安全	3.17%	“一带一路”	2.83%
4	能源	2.50%	中国	2.57%
5	能源合作	2.50%	新疆	2.00%
6	中亚	2.50%	中亚	1.70%
7	油气资源	1.67%	能源合作	1.43%
8	中国	1.50%	地缘政治	0.87%
9	哈萨克斯坦	0.83%	贸易便利化	0.57%
10	战略	0.83%	交通设施	0.57%

参考文献 37

1	顾朝林. 国外城镇化主要经验启示. 城市, 2010, (10): 6-8.
	Gu C. The main experience of urbanization abroad. City, 2010, (10): 6-8.
2	陆大道. 地理学关于城镇化领域的研究内容框架. 地理科学, 2013, 33(8): 897-901.
	Lu D. Geography's research content framework in the field of urbanization. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2013, 33(8): 897-901.
3	陈明星, 陆大道, 张华.中国城市化水平的综合测度及其动力因子分析. 地理学报, 2009, 64(4): 387-398.
	Chen M, Lu D, Zhang H. Comprehensive evaluation and the driving factors of China's urbanization. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(4): 387-398.
4	王云, 马丽, 刘毅. 城镇化研究进展与趋势——基于CiteSpace和HistCite的图谱量化分析. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(2): 239-254.
	Wang Y, Ma L, Liu Y. Progress and trend analysis of urbanization research: Visualized quantitative study based on CiteSpace and HistCite. Progress in Geography, 2018, 37(2): 239-254.
5	陈明星. 城市化领域的研究进展和科学问题. 地理研究, 2015, 34(4): 614-630.
	Chen M. Research progress and scientific issues in the field of urbanization. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(4): 614-630.
6	杨宇, 刘毅, 金凤君. 能源地缘政治视角下中国与中亚—俄罗斯国际能源合作模式. 地理研究, 2015, 34(2): 213-224.
	Yang Y, Liu Y, Jin F. Study on energy cooperation between China and the Central Asia and Russia under the view of energy geopolitics. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(2): 213-224.
7	Kumar S, Sharma P, Garg K C. Lotka's law and institutional productivity. Information processing & management, 1998, 34(6): 775-783.
8	钟赛香, 曲波, 苏香燕, 等. 从«地理学报»看中国地理学研究的特点与趋势—基于文献计量方法. 地理学报, 2014, 69(8): 1077-1092.
	Zhong S, Qu B, Su X, et al. Progress in Chinese geography research reflected from Acta Geographica Sinica during 1934-2013: A bibliometrics analysis. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(8): 1077-1092.
9	雷军,李建刚,段祖亮,等.喀什城市圈城镇化与生态环境交互胁迫效应研究综述.干旱区地理,2018,41(6):1358-1366.
	Lei J, Li J, Duan Z,et al.Research review on reciprocal coercing effect between urbanization and eco-environment in Kashgar metropolitan,Xinjiang,China. Arid Land Geography, 2018,41(6):1358-1366.
10	Anton J. Nederhof. Bibliometric monitoring of research performance in the social sciences and the humanities: A review. Scientometrics, 2006, 66(1): 81-100.
11	Turaeva S H, Bol'Shakova L P, Revazov A A, et al. Influence of urbanization level on the lethal load and on the intensity of natural selection in the Turkmen population. Genetika, 1991, 27(9): 1617-25.
12	Ievlev V M, Turaeva T L, Latyshev A N, et al. Effect of photon irradiation on the process of recrystallization of thin metallic films. Physics of Metals & Metallography, 2007, 103(1): 58-63.
13	Beutels P, Musabaev E I, Damme P V, et al. The disease burden of hepatitis B in Uzbekistan. Journal of Infection, 2000, 40(3): 234-241.
14	John Anderson. Creating a framework for civil society in Kyrgyzstan. Europe-Asia Studies, 2000, 52(1): 77-93.
15	King H, Abdullaev B, Djumaeva S, et al. Glucose intolerance and associated factors in the Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. Diabetic Medicine, 2015, 15(12): 1052-1062.
16	Kirscher. Steel location Kazakhstan - Current situation and outlook. Stahl Und Eisen, 2000, 120(9): 107-112.
17	Kreutz K J, Sholkovitz E R. Major element, rare earth element, and sulfur isotopic composition of a high‐elevation firn core: Sources and transport of mineral dust in central Asia. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 2013.
18	Thomas J C, Cobbold P R, Shein V S, et al. Sedimentary record of late Paleozoic to Recent tectonism in central Asia — analysis of subsurface data from the Turan and south Kazak domains. Tectonophysics, 1999, 313(3): 243-263.
19	Aitmatova, DI. Mineral deposit development and ecological problems in Kyrgyzstan. Mineral Deposits, 1999, 1161-1163.
20	Heaven S, Ilyushchenko M A, Tanton T W, et al. Mercury in the River Nura and its floodplain, Central Kazakhstan: I. River sediments and water. Science of the Total Environment, 2000, 260(1): 35-44.
21	Abdullaev I, Rakhmatullaev S. Transformation of water management in Central Asia: from State-centric, hydraulic mission to socio-political control. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2015, 73(2): 849-861.
22	Vakhlamova T, Rusterholz H P, Kanibolotskaya Y, et al. Changes in plant diversity along an urban–rural gradient in an expanding city in Kazakhstan, Western Siberia. Landscape & Urban Planning, 2014, 132(132): 111-120.
23	Severoglu Z, Ozyigit I I, Dogan I, et al. The usability of Juniperus virginiana L. as a biomonitor of heavy metal pollution in Bishkek City, Kyrgyzstan. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2015, 29(6): 1104-1112.
24	Janes C R. Failed development and vulnerability to climate change in Central Asia: Implications for Food Security and Health. Asia Pac Journal of Public Health, 2010, 22(3): 236S-2455S.
25	Elbassel N, Gilbert L, Shaw S A, et al. The Silk Road Health Project: How mobility and migration status influence HIV risks among male migrant workers in Central Asia. Plos One, 2016, 11(3): e0151278.
26	Koch Natalie R. Kazakhstan's changing geopolitics: the resource economy and popular attitudes about China's growing regional influence. Eurasian Geography & Economics, 2013, 54(1): 110-133.
27	An G, Becker C M. Uncertainty, insecurity, and emigration from Kazakhstan to Russia. World Development, 2013, 42(1): 44-66.
28	Aldashev A, Dietz B. Economic and spatial determinants of interregional migration in Kazakhstan. Economic Systems, 2014, 38(3): 379-396.
29	娄芳. 从里海石油之争看俄罗斯的新能源战略. 世界经济与政治, 2003, (6): 60-65.
	Lou F. The new Russian energy strategy in light of the scramble for oil in the Caspian Sea. World Economics and Politics, 2003, (6): 60-65.
30	潘光. 上海合作组织与中国的海外能源发展战略. 世界经济研究, 2005, (7): 4-9.
	Pan G. Shanghai Cooperation Organization and China's overseas energy development strategy. World Economy Study, 2005, (7): 4-9.
31	孙莉, 周可法, 张楠楠, 等. 中亚五国矿产资源分布与现状分析. 新疆地质, 2008, (1): 71-77.
	Sun L, Zhou K, Zhang N, et al. An analysis of the mineral resources' distribution and actuality in five countries of central Asia. Xinjiang Geology, 2008, (1): 71-77.
32	冯玉军, 丁晓星, 李东. 俄罗斯新能源外交及其影响. 现代国际关系, 2002(09): 17-22.
	Feng Y, Ding X, Li D. Russia's new energy diplomacy and its influence. Contempo Rary International Relations, 2002(09): 17-22.
33	叶尔肯·吾扎提, 刘慧, 刘卫东. 1992-2011年哈萨克斯坦城镇化过程及其影响因素. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(2): 181-193.
	Yeerken W, Liu H, Liu W. Evaluation of Kazakhstan's urbanization during 1992-2011 and its influencing factors. Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(2): 181-193.
34	马惠兰, 张姣. 塔吉克斯坦城市化水平综合评价. 干旱区地理, 2013, 36(4): 742-748.
	Ma H, Zhang J. Comprehensive evaluation of urbanization in Tajikistan. Arid Land Geography, 2013, 36(4): 742-748.
35	阿里木江·卡斯木, 唐兵, 安瓦尔·买买提明. 近50年来中亚五国城市化发展特征研究. 干旱区资源与环境, 2013, 27(1): 21-26.
	Alimujiang K, Tang B, Anwaer M. Study on the urbanization development characteristics of Central Asia (1960-2009). Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2013, 27(1): 21-26.
36	文亚妮, 任群罗. 中国新疆与中亚五国城市化水平比较.俄罗斯中亚东欧市场, 2011(4): 12-18.
	Wen Y, Ren Q. Comparison of urbanization level between Xinjiang and Central Asia. Russian Central Asian & East European Market, 2011(4): 12-18.
37	杨德刚, 杜宏茹. 中亚经济地理概论. 北京: 气象出版社, 2013.
	Yang D, Du H. An outline of economic geography of Central Asia. Beijing: China Meteorological Press,2013.

[1]	马林靖, 李培速, 伍亚红. 城镇化发展如何影响非正规就业？[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(6): 1273-1284.
[2]	郭利丹, 井沛然, 张玉阔. 中国国际河流研究热点与前沿的可视化分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(3): 490-502.
[3]	蔡少燕. 中国人口家庭式迁移研究的知识图谱分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(3): 649-661.
[4]	王帮娟, 刘承良. 国内外交通地理学研究进展的比较[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(1): 53-63.
[5]	杨阳, 唐晓岚, 贾艳艳, 詹巧巧. 长江流域人口-土地-经济城镇化的时空耦合协调性与驱动因子分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(5): 978-990.
[6]	魏中胤, 沈山, 贾广宇, 马跃. 基于媒体事件的中亚、东盟区域对中国地缘关系判别研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(4): 732-743.
[7]	苏建军, 关丽, 张毓. 丝绸之路经济带沿线国家旅游资源与入境旅游发展空间格局特征与差异[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(3): 509-519.
[8]	初楠臣, 张平宇, 吴相利, 李鹤. 俄罗斯城镇化发展水平测度及空间分异[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(2): 257-266.
[9]	汪泰, 陈俊华. 中国-中亚-西亚经济走廊贸易投资便利化水平研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(5): 883-892.
[10]	王鑫静, 程钰. 城镇化对碳排放效率的影响机制研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(3): 503-511.
[11]	武前波, 惠聪聪. 新时期我国中心城市人口城镇化特征及其空间格局[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(3): 523-535.
[12]	张荣天, 李传武. 中部地区农民城镇化意愿及其影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(1): 112-119.
[13]	王海燕. “一带一路”视域下中国与中亚国家地缘经济合作比较研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(1): 18-29.
[14]	石天戈, 时卉. 中亚五国资源环境承载与经济发展耦合协调性分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2019, 28(6): 32-41.
[15]	李希雅王礼茂. 地缘政治视角下中亚“颜色革命”易发程度分析[J]. , 2019, 28(6): 42-49.