主管单位：中国科学技术协会
主办单位：中国地理学会
承办单位：华东师范大学
世界地理研究

世界地理研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 158-168.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.05.2020868

• 文化与社会 • 上一篇    

浅析小岛屿发展中国家在全球公共卫生治理中的角色及启示

梁甲瑞()   

  1. 聊城大学太平洋岛国研究中心，聊城 252000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-08 修回日期:2021-03-18 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-06-09
  • 作者简介:梁甲瑞（1984—），男，副教授，主要研究方向为全球海洋治理、太平洋岛国对外关系，E-mail：liangjiarui1984@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目(LSYZD2105);羡林学者培育项目;聊城大学平台支持专项“太平洋岛国海洋治理中的传统知识研究”

A brief analysis of the role of Small Island Developing States in global public health governance and its implications

Jiarui LIANG()   

  1. Research Center of Pacific Islands Countries, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
  • Received:2020-12-08 Revised:2021-03-18 Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-06-09

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摘要：

国际社会的普遍共识是小岛屿发展中国家面临着许多发展障碍，在全球发展进程中处于严重不利的地位。它们面临的主要挑战有国内市场狭小、资源基础薄弱、严重依赖偏远市场、运输和通信成本较高、自然环境脆弱等。然而，在全球公共卫生治理体系中，小岛屿发展中国家有着自身独特的优势，发挥着不可忽略的作用。全球公共卫生治理重新塑造小岛屿发展中国家的脆弱性，并赋予其前所未有的意义。该研究选用太平洋岛国应对新冠疫情的案例，研究小岛屿发展中国家在全球公共卫生治理中的作用，研究发现：太平洋岛国应对新冠疫情的举措以地区尺度为协调者，全球尺度和国家尺度双轮驱动，是一种典型的“三环抗疫”模式。地区尺度和全球尺度共同为国家尺度服务，三种尺度相互关联，相互协调，共同构成了太平洋岛国新冠疫情的管制框架。太平洋岛国应对新冠疫情的举措对全球公共卫生治理的启示：第一，全球公共卫生治理应该秉持整体性原则；第二，充分发挥世界卫生组织的引领作用；第三，重视区域尺度的公共卫生治理；第四，小国应充分借助外力和道义，克服自身在全球公共卫生治理中的脆弱性。

关键词: 小岛屿发展中国家, 太平洋岛国, 新冠疫情, 全球公共卫生治理

Abstract:

The general consensus of the international community is that SIDS face many obstacles to development and are at a serious disadvantage in the global development process. The main challenges they face are small domestic market, weak resource base, heavy dependence on remote markets, high transportation and communication costs as well as the fragile natural environment. However, in the global public health governance system, SIDS have their own unique advantages and play a role that cannot be ignored. Global public health governance is changing the world, reshaping the vulnerability of SIDS and giving it unprecedented significance. SIDS have their unique advantages and play an important role in the global public health governance system. This study selects the cases of Pacific Island countries responding to COVID-19 and adopts the case study method. The study found that the Pacific Island countries' response to COVID-19 is coordinated by the regional scale, driven by the two wheels of the global scale and the national scale, which is a typical three-ring anti-epidemic model. The regional scale and the global scale serve the national scale together, highlighting the scaling relationship among the three scales. These three scales are interrelated and coordinated with each other, and together constitute a multi-scale COVID-19 control framework for Pacific Island countries. Implications of Pacific Island countries' response to COVID-19 to global public health governance are as follows. Firstly, global public health governance should adhere to the principle of integrity; Secondly, give full play to the leading role of the World Health Organization and strictly implement its provisions; Thirdly, pay attention to public health governance at the regional scale; Fourthly, small and weak countries should make full use of external forces and morality to overcome their vulnerability in global public health governance.

Key words: Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Pacific island countries, COVID-19, global public health governance