边界内部化的科学内涵、形成机制及理论意义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222195

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长期以来，边界研究集中在国家边界或国家外部，很少关注国家内部的边界生产及空间治理意义。相对于西方普遍流行扩张型的边界外部化的管控模式，中国则是向内收缩的边界内部化模式。边界内部化是根据不同行动主体在国家内部划分不同的功能边界，实行差异化的边界管控方式，进而对边境空间进行有效治理。边界内部化是中国系列边境管控政策的理论萃取，它发展于清初在东北实施的“柳条边”政策，成熟于中华人民共和国在边境划定的边境管理区政策，在推动跨界流动和促进边境安全上具有重要意义。边界内部化以区隔与接触并举为主要特征，既划分内部，又吸收外部，不仅避免西方的边界暴力和边界伦理危机，还有效建立包容和秩序的边境空间，实现了主动的差异性包容。边界内部化是中国边境治理的伟大创举，不仅在边界管控中具有较大的应用价值，对推动中国化的边界理论研究也具有深远意义。

关键词: 边界内部化, 边界管控, 区隔与接触, 差异性包容, 边境管理区, 柳条边

Abstract:

National borders or external borders occupy the majority of studies in border academic research for a long time. The productivity and spatial governance significance of internal bordering are seldom studied. Compared with the control mode of expanding border externalization generally implemented in the west, China adopts the inward contracting border internalization mode. In terms of border internalization, the functional borders are set up according to the different participating actors within the nation, which facilitate the different control modes on the borders and effective governance on the border space. Border internalization is the theoretical extraction of China's series of border control policies. It developed from the "Willow Palisades" policy implemented in the Northeast in the early Qing Dynasty and matured in the border management area policy designated by China. Border internalization is characterized by both differentiation and contact. By dividing the interior and absorbing the exterior, border internalization not only avoids the western border violence and border ethical crisis, but also effectively establishes an inclusive and orderly border space. Border internalization is a great initiative of China's border governance,which has great application value in border control and far-reaching significance for the border study.

Key words: border internalization, border control, separation and contact, differential exclusion, Border Management Area, Willow Palisades

后雪峰, 陶伟. 边界内部化的科学内涵、形成机制及理论意义[J]. 世界地理研究, 2024, 33(7): 160-171.

Xuefeng HOU, Wei TAO. The scientific connotation, formation mechanism and theoretical significance of border internalization: A case of China's border control policy[J]. World Regional Studies, 2024, 33(7): 160-171.

图/表 5

图1 边界外部化和边界内部化示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of border externalization and border internalization

图2 柳条边和边境管理区示意图

Fig.2 The schematic diagram of willow palisades and border management area

图3 柳条边区位图注：底图来源于自然资源部监制的地图（审图号：GS（2019）3266号）。

Fig.3 The location of Willow Palisades

图4 边境管理区的局部区域注：底图来源于云南省自然资源厅监制，审图号：云S（2021） 219号。

Fig.4 The part of the Border Management Area

图5 边界内部化的形成机制

Fig.5 The formation mechanism of border internalization

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