黄河流域文保单位多尺度空间差异及其与地理环境空间关系研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.11.20222444

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以黄河流域全行政区为研究区域，以2 078处全国重点文物保护单位（以下简称“文保单位”）为研究对象，运用地理集中度、不均衡指数和热点分析法，对文保单位的空间集散与冷热差异进行多尺度分析，并对其与自然、人文地理环境的空间关系进行研究。结果表明：①从空间集散来看，文保单位在黄河流域省域和市域尺度上均为集聚型分布，且市域尺度的不均衡性要大于省域尺度。②从热点分布来看，文保单位在省域尺度呈现“南高北低”的空间特征，在市域尺度则呈现“中心-边缘”的分布模式。③从与自然环境的关系来看，文保单位具有较强的低海拔、高积温（AAT10）、近河流指向性。同时，文保单位偏好分布于坡度≤2°、年降水量400~800mm的区域。地表植被（NDVI）并不对文保单位的空间分布产生显著影响。④从与人文环境的关系来看，地区GDP、公路里程对文保单位分布虽产生一定影响，但并不呈线性回归关系；文保单位与人口规模、文化事业经费呈指数相关关系。此外，文保单位与A级景区、非遗项目在空间分布上具有一定耦合性。

关键词: 文保单位, 空间差异, 地理环境, 空间关系, 黄河流域

Abstract:

This paper takes all the administrative units through which the Yellow River flows as the research unit and 2078 national key cultural relic protection units (hereinafter referred to as "cultural relic protection units") as the research object, and uses the methods of geographic concentration, imbalance index and hotspot analysis to analyze the spatial differences of cultural relic protection units at the provincial and city scales. In addition, this paper also analyzes the spatial relationship of those cultural relic protection units with natural and human geography environment. The results showed that: (1) From the perspective of spatial aggregation characteristics, the distribution of cultural relic protection units in the Yellow River Basin shows a concentrated pattern at both provincial and city scales, and the concentration at city scale is higher than that at provincial scale. (2) In terms of hotspot distribution, the spatial characteristics of cultural relic protection units at the provincial scale show "south high and north low", and at the city scale show "center and edge". (3) In terms of the relationship with the natural environment, the distribution of cultural relic protection units has significant features of low altitude, high accumulated temperature (AAT10) and close to rivers. In addition, cultural relic protection units are mainly distributed in areas with slope less than 2° and annual precipitation in the range of 400-800mm. The land surface vegetation (NDVI) did not have a significant impact on the spatial distribution of cultural relic protection units. (4) In terms of the relationship with the human environment, although GDP and highway mileage have certain effects on the distribution of cultural relic protection units, there is no linear regression relationship between them. Cultural relic protection units show a strong correlation with population size and cultural investment expenditure. In addition, cultural relic protection units show certain spatial coupling with A-level scenic spots and intangible heritage projects.

Key words: cultural relic protection units, spatial differences, geographical environment, spatial relationship, Yellow River Basin

周成, 靳轶婷, 周霖, 吕丝丝, 秦秋月. 黄河流域文保单位多尺度空间差异及其与地理环境空间关系研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2024, 33(11): 149-161.

Cheng ZHOU, Yiting JIN, Lin ZHOU, Sisi LYU, Qiuyue QIN. Multi-scale spatial heterogeneities of cultural relic protection units in Yellow River Basin and its spatial relationship with geographical environment[J]. World Regional Studies, 2024, 33(11): 149-161.

图/表 4

图1 黄河流域文保单位的多尺度洛伦兹曲线

Fig.1 The multi-scale Lorenz curve of distribution of cultural relic protection units in the Yellow River Basin

图2 黄河流域文保单位的多尺度热点分布

Fig.2 The multiscale hotspot distribution of cultural relic protection units in the Yellow River Basin

图3 黄河流域文保单位与自然地理环境的空间关系

Fig.3 Spatial relationship between cultural relics protection units and natural geographical environment in the Yellow River Basin

图4 黄河流域文保单位与人文地理环境的空间关系

Fig.4 Spatial relationship between cultural relics protection units and human geographical environment in the Yellow River Basin

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