主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

世界地理研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 181-196.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2025.02.20230544

• 文化与社会 • 上一篇    

蓝色空间暴露对老年人健康影响研究的荟萃分析

陈崇贤(), 侯咏淇, 林晓玲, 叶昌东()   

  1. 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-21 修回日期:2023-12-12 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 叶昌东
  • 作者简介:陈崇贤(1984—),男,副教授,博士,研究方向为健康地理与景观规划,E-mail:chongxian@scau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32471934);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD23XYS068);广州市科技计划项目(202201010046)

A meta-analysis of blue space exposure effects on health in the elderly

Chongxian CHEN(), Yongqi HOU, Xiaoling LIN, Changdong YE()   

  1. College of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2023-08-21 Revised:2023-12-12 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-24
  • Contact: Changdong YE

摘要:

随着全球老龄化趋势的加剧,越来越多的城市建设者开始重视蓝色空间暴露与老年人身心健康之间的潜在关联,但其具体健康效应仍缺乏系统性测定。本文通过关键词和标志性文献的筛选,获得201篇相关研究文献,并在此基础上对报告了完整效应量的29篇文献进行量化荟萃分析。结果显示:①总体上,蓝色空间暴露与老年人的健康存在显著相关性。相较于生理健康,蓝色空间暴露能更显著地促进老年人的心理健康,且不同研究设计类型、蓝色空间类型、地理尺度、性别和年龄的研究结果具有较大差异;②增加访问蓝色空间的时长和频率能降低老年人的心理压力,提高其幸福感;③与水体直接接触能促进压力恢复;④居住地邻近蓝色空间及可达性良好与老年人的生活自理能力、身体活动机能和幸福感密切相关;⑤蓝色空间的数量对老年人慢性疾病影响微弱且与生活自理能力无显著关联。本研究表明,未来应重视蓝色空间与老年人心理健康关系的研究,特别是在提高幸福感和压力恢复方面;同时,考虑潜在的混杂因素以获得更可靠的研究结果,为科学规划蓝色空间、促进老年人群健康提供指导。

关键词: 蓝色空间, 老年人群, 身心健康, 荟萃分析, 亚组分析

Abstract:

As the global aging trend intensifies, the potential association between blue space exposure and the physical and mental health of older adults is gradually attracting the attention of urban planners. However, its specific health effects need to be systematically measured. This article screened 201 relevant research articles through keywords and landmark literature, and based on this, conducted a quantitative meta-analysis of the results of 29 articles that reported complete effect sizes. The main findings are as follows: 1) Blue space exposure demonstrates a remarkable potential for improving the physical and mental health of older adults. Notably, a stronger association exists between blue space and mental health compared to physical health. However, no significant correlation was found between blue space exposure and mortality, and the results varied significantly across different study designs, blue space types, geographical scales, genders, and age groups. 2) Increasing the frequency and duration of visits to blue spaces can significantly reduce psychological stress and enhance the overall well-being of the elderly. 3) Direct contact with blue spaces has been shown to facilitate stress recovery and reduce the risk of mortality among the elderly. 4) The proximity to blue spaces and the accessibility of living environments are closely linked to the elderly's ability to engage in self-care, physical activity, and overall well-being. 5) The quantity of blue space exhibits a limited impact on the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly and is not significantly associated with self-care abilities. Based on these findings, this study emphasizes the need to prioritize research on the relationship between blue space and the mental health of the elderly, with a specific focus on enhancing well-being and facilitating stress recovery. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of considering various confounding factors to establish a robust scientific evidence base and develop effective blue space planning strategies aimed at improving the health of the elderly population.

Key words: blue space, elderly population, physical and mental health, meta-analysis, subgroup analysis