基于低光照图像增强的上海夜间旅游感知意象维度构建及特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.04.20240691

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

夜间旅游图像蕴含丰富的夜间活动和认知信息，是精准反映游客感知意象偏好的重要载体。但当前学界较少利用游客生成图像探析夜间旅游感知意象，且低光照条件显著增加了分析难度，传统工具难以深挖其内涵。为此，本研究以上海为研究案例，建立了基于低光照增强方法KinD的夜间旅游图像分析模型来还原图像内容，利用DeepSentibank挖掘图像意象并系统构建夜间旅游感知意象维度，采用内容分析、社会网络分析、空间分析法探究夜间旅游感知意象特征，旨在精准把握游客真实态度和情感偏好。研究发现：①KinD能有效提升夜间旅游图像识别精度，准确还原图像内容细节。②基于认知-情感模型将上海夜间旅游感知意象维度建构为8个主意象和22个子意象，认知意象中夜间场景营造占比最高，情感意象中积极情感占比超过一半。上海夜间旅游感知意象维度呈现软硬件要素兼具、新老要素交融、评价总体向好但局部存在不足、要素存在主客观认知偏差等特征。③认知意象网络“多核心、多边缘”特征突出，游客喜爱的意象组合为夜间场景营造和夜娱体验活动要素的交互融合、夜间营造场景间的相互映衬以及城市夜景风光和夜间场景营造的碰撞交织。情感意象网络以低强度积极情感为主导，夜间场景营造意象与积极情感关联性更强，消极情感多出现在夜景风光意象中。④感知意象空间结构呈“局部集中、多点分散”特征，整体空间分布不均衡，游客感知焦点高度集中于上海核心旅游区。本研究有助于完善夜间旅游图像研究思路，拓宽交叉学科方法应用范围，可为夜间旅游意象要素统筹发展及空间格局优化提供科学合理的决策参考。

关键词: 夜间旅游, 感知意象, 低光照图像增强, 意象特征, 上海市

Abstract:

Nighttime tourism photos serve as important carriers to reflect tourists' preferences. Taking Shanghai as an example, this study established a nighttime tourism image analysis model based on the low-light enhancement method KinD to restore photo content. Utilizing Deepsentibank to mine images, and through content analysis, social network analysis and spatial analysis, the study explored the characteristics of nighttime tourism perceived image, aiming to grasp tourists' authentic attitudes and emotional preferences. The results show that: ① KinD can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of nighttime tourism photos and accurately restore photo content details. ② Utilizing the cognitive-affective model, the dimensions of Shanghai's nighttime tourism perceived image are constructed into eight main-images and twenty-two sub-images. Cognitive images show the highest proportion of nighttime scene creation. In affective images, positive emotions account for more than half. The dimensions of Shanghai's nighttime tourism perceived image exhibit characteristics such as coexistence of hardware and software elements, integration of old and new elements, overall positive evaluation with localized deficiencies, and subjective-objective deviations among elements. ③ The cognitive image network exhibits a "multi-core, multi-edge" structure. Tourists preferred image combinations that the interaction between nighttime scene creation and nighttime entertainment experience elements, the mutual reflection between nighttime scenes creation, and the collision and interweaving of urban nightscape scenery and nighttime scene creation dimensions. The affective image network is dominated by low-intensity positive emotions. The image of nighttime scene creation is more strongly associated with positive emotions, while negative emotions primarily emerge in urban nightscape scenery. ④ The spatial structure of Shanghai's nighttime tourism perceived image exhibits a characteristic of "local concentration and multi-point dispersion". The overall spatial distribution is uneven, and tourists' perceptual focus is concentrated in Shanghai's core tourism areas. This study contributes to refining the research approach for nighttime tourism photos and broadening the application scope of interdisciplinary methods, aiming to provide decision-making references for the optimization development of nighttime tourism.

Key words: nighttime tourism, perceived image, low-light image enhancement, image characteristics, Shanghai city

李凌雁, 安浩宇, 石保顺, 朱纯子, 杨婉婷. 基于低光照图像增强的上海夜间旅游感知意象维度构建及特征分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2026, 35(4): 182-198.

Lingyan LI, Haoyu AN, Baoshun SHI, Chunzi ZHU, Wanting YANG. The dimension construction and characteristic analysis of Shanghai's nighttime tourism perceived image based on low-light image enhancement method[J]. World Regional Studies, 2026, 35(4): 182-198.

图/表 10

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排序	认知意象		情感意象
排序	高频词	频次/次	高频词	频次/次
1	city（城市）	331	bright（明亮的）	166
2	street（街道）	290	busy（热闹的）	159
3	lights（光）	261	colorful （彩色的）	150
4	night（夜晚）	256	rainy（下雨的）	148
5	food（食物）	253	pretty（漂亮的）	146
6	architecture （建筑）	241	golden （金色的）	145
7	river（河流）	232	fantastic （精彩的）	139
8	paintings （绘画）	231	hot（热的）	136
9	market（市场）	224	crowded （拥挤的）	134
10	fire（焰火）	213	classic（经典的）	128

排序	认知意象		情感意象
排序	高频词	频次/次	高频词	频次/次
1	city（城市）	331	bright（明亮的）	166
2	street（街道）	290	busy（热闹的）	159
3	lights（光）	261	colorful （彩色的）	150
4	night（夜晚）	256	rainy（下雨的）	148
5	food（食物）	253	pretty（漂亮的）	146
6	architecture （建筑）	241	golden （金色的）	145
7	river（河流）	232	fantastic （精彩的）	139
8	paintings （绘画）	231	hot（热的）	136
9	market（市场）	224	crowded （拥挤的）	134
10	fire（焰火）	213	classic（经典的）	128

输出结果	意象类型	核心编码（主意象）	二级编码（子意象）	参考点
名词	认知意象	城市夜景风光	天文气象	star, moon, cloud...
			植物萌宠	tree, dog...
			滨水景观	river...
			地质风貌	beach, valley, mountain...
		夜间场景营造	都市风情	city...
			创意街区	street, block, road...
			建筑古迹	buildings,bridge, tower...
			光影装置	lights, illumination...
			市井烟火	market, bazaar, people...
		夜娱体验活动	美食夜宴	food, cake, pie...
			文体娱乐	stadium, meeting...
			节事演艺	ceremony, show, stage...
			艺术展览	paintings...
			购物休闲	shop, gift, toy...
		夜游综合服务	特色交通	boat, bus...
		夜游综合服务	住宿设施	hotel, room...
		夜间环境氛围	夜间环境氛围	scene, night...
形容词	情感意象	积极情感	高强度（10~20）	nice, beautiful...
		积极情感	低强度（0~10）	shining, colorful...
		中性情感	dry, rainy, busy...
		消极情感	高强度（-10~-20）	ugly, mad...
		消极情感	低强度（-10~0）	poor, evil...

输出结果	意象类型	核心编码（主意象）	二级编码（子意象）	参考点
名词	认知意象	城市夜景风光	天文气象	star, moon, cloud...
			植物萌宠	tree, dog...
			滨水景观	river...
			地质风貌	beach, valley, mountain...
		夜间场景营造	都市风情	city...
			创意街区	street, block, road...
			建筑古迹	buildings,bridge, tower...
			光影装置	lights, illumination...
			市井烟火	market, bazaar, people...
		夜娱体验活动	美食夜宴	food, cake, pie...
			文体娱乐	stadium, meeting...
			节事演艺	ceremony, show, stage...
			艺术展览	paintings...
			购物休闲	shop, gift, toy...
		夜游综合服务	特色交通	boat, bus...
		夜游综合服务	住宿设施	hotel, room...
		夜间环境氛围	夜间环境氛围	scene, night...
形容词	情感意象	积极情感	高强度（10~20）	nice, beautiful...
		积极情感	低强度（0~10）	shining, colorful...
		中性情感	dry, rainy, busy...
		消极情感	高强度（-10~-20）	ugly, mad...
		消极情感	低强度（-10~0）	poor, evil...

意象节点		点度中心度	中介中心度	接近中心度	结构洞
意象节点		点度中心度	中介中心度	接近中心度	效能	效率	约束性
城市夜景风光	天文气象	11.000	1.530	61.538	3.853	0.350	0.265
	植物萌宠	10.000	1.837	61.538	2.719	0.272	0.271
	滨水景观	8.000	0.500	57.143	2.042	0.255	0.306
	地质风貌	11.000	1.269	61.538	2.588	0.235	0.270
夜间场景营造	都市风情	16.000	22.833	100.000	7.000	0.438	0.233
	创意街区	16.000	11.197	80.000	6.304	0.394	0.245
	建筑古迹	16.000	13.440	80.000	6.661	0.416	0.241
	光影装置	16.000	22.833	100.000	7.000	0.438	0.233
	市井烟火	14.000	2.128	66.667	4.091	0.292	0.267
夜娱体验活动	美食夜宴	9.000	0.143	61.538	1.367	0.152	0.291
	文体娱乐	14.000	7.844	80.000	4.981	0.356	0.254
	节事演艺	10.000	0.236	64.000	2.088	0.209	0.275
	艺术展览	10.000	0.421	59.259	1.733	0.173	0.284
	购物休闲	13.000	6.321	80.000	4.160	0.320	0.257
夜游综合服务	特色交通	8.000	0.143	55.172	1.909	0.239	0.295
夜游综合服务	住宿设施	10.000	0.000	61.538	1.656	0.166	0.286
夜间环境氛围	夜间环境氛围	16.000	3.324	64.000	5.848	0.365	0.253