地理学视角下国外乡村创业的研究进展及启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.04.20241015

世界地理研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 32-47.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.04.20241015

地理学视角下国外乡村创业的研究进展及启示

陈培培¹(), 张敏¹(), 常恩予²^,³, 焦林申⁴

^1.南京大学建筑与城市规划学院，南京 210093
^2.河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心暨;黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心，开封 475001
^3.河南大学地理科学与工程学部，郑州 450046
^4.浙大城市学院国土空间规划学院，杭州 310015

收稿日期:2024-11-15 修回日期:2025-05-28 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-29
通讯作者: 张敏
作者简介:陈培培（1989—），女，副研究员，博士，研究方向为乡村发展与规划、文化地理学与乡村地理学，E-mail： p.chen@nju.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42201239);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42271230)

Progress in overseas research on rural entrepreneurship from the geographic perspective and its inspiration

Peipei CHEN¹(), Min ZHANG¹(), Enyu CHANG²^,³, Linshen JIAO⁴

^1.School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
^2.Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
^3.Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
^4.School of Spatial Planning and Design, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China

Received:2024-11-15 Revised:2025-05-28 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-29
Contact: Min ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

伴随乡村多功能转型，乡村创业已成为乡村振兴的重要动力，并引起了学术界的广泛关注。既有创业研究强调要素集聚的城市对创业活动的重要性，而显著低估了乡村为创业活动提供的现实可能性。本文梳理了地理学视角下国外乡村创业研究的理论与实证进展，研究发现：首先，特定乡村地方的物质空间特色与资源条件、地方社会特征与创业文化氛围，以及乡村的偏远性与可达性等条件，是影响乡村创业的关键因素；其次，创业活动与乡村的社会、制度及空间背景之间的相互作用机制，决定了乡村创业的发展方向；第三，乡村创业不仅创造经济价值，对社会价值的创造也具有同样重要的意义。最后，本文基于国外乡村创业研究的理论进展、不足以及我国乡村创业发展的需求，从注重本土化的乡村创业理论创新、构建适合中国乡村语境的多尺度乡村创业研究框架、以多维动态视角探究企业家创业活动与乡村地方的互动机制及加强乡村创业经济社会综合效应分析4个方面提出对我国乡村创业研究的启示。

关键词: 乡村创业, 乡村性, 地方嵌入, 企业家, 经济社会效应

Abstract:

Following the multifunctional transition in the process of rural development, rural entrepreneurship has become a significant engine for rural revitalization. The potential that rural areas offer for entrepreneurship has been largely underestimated. This paper reviews the overseas research on rural entrepreneurship. The main findings are as follows. First, key factors influencing rural entrepreneurship include the material spatial characteristics and resource endowments of specific rural localities, local social features and entrepreneurial cultural atmosphere, as well as rural remoteness and accessibility. Second, the interaction mechanisms between entrepreneurial activities and the social, institutional, and spatial contexts of rural areas determine the development trajectory of rural entrepreneurship. Third, rural entrepreneurship not only creates economic value but also holds equally significant social value. Finally, based on both the theoretical advancements and limitations in international rural entrepreneurship research and the developmental needs of China's rural entrepreneurship, this study proposes implications for Chinese rural entrepreneurship research from three perspectives: ① It suggests that future research on rural entrepreneurship should construct a multi-scale research framework suitable for China's rural context, considering the significant disparities that exist in entrepreneurial ecosystems due to regional heterogeneity. ② Future research should explore the interactive mechanisms between entrepreneurial activities and rural localities from a multidimensional dynamic perspective, with particular attention to the dynamic evolution of entrepreneurial embeddedness throughout the venture lifecycle. ③ A comprehensive socioeconomic effect analysis of rural entrepreneurship is needed, which assesses the socioeconomic value of rural entrepreneurship across micro-level rural actors, meso-level rural communities, and macro-level rural revitalization. Through drawing upon western conceptual frameworks, theoretical systems, and research advancements in rural entrepreneurship while grounding our work in China's institutional contexts such as urban-rural duality and rural revitalization, this paper aims to promote the localized innovation of rural entrepreneurship theories. Moreover, through constructing culturally sensitive analytical frameworks, we not only enhance the explanatory power for domestic issues but also contribute Chinese perspectives to global rural entrepreneurship research.

Key words: rural entrepreneurship, rurality, place embeddedness, entrepreneur, socio-economic effects

陈培培, 张敏, 常恩予, 焦林申. 地理学视角下国外乡村创业的研究进展及启示[J]. 世界地理研究, 2026, 35(4): 32-47.

Peipei CHEN, Min ZHANG, Enyu CHANG, Linshen JIAO. Progress in overseas research on rural entrepreneurship from the geographic perspective and its inspiration[J]. World Regional Studies, 2026, 35(4): 32-47.

图/表 3

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地理学视角下国外乡村创业的研究进展及启示

Progress in overseas research on rural entrepreneurship from the geographic perspective and its inspiration

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参考文献 80

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Metrics

类型	期刊名称	乡村创业文献数量/篇	地理学视角下的乡村创业文献数量/篇
创业研究相关期刊	Entrepreneurship and Regional Development	46	32
	International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research	35	24
	Journal of Business Venturing	22	10
	Small Business Economics	20	12
	Economic Development Quarterly	14	7
地理研究及乡村研究相关期刊	Journal of Rural Studies	171	101
	Land Use Policy	33	8
	World Development	28	6
	Sociologia Ruralis	24	12
	Tourism management	22	9
	European Planning Studies	18	12
	Regional Studies	18	12
	Rural Sociology	18	10
	Growth and Change	17	12
	Geoforum	14	8
	总文献数	500	275

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