由“新”降碳：数字技术创新对旅游碳排放强度的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.04.20240667

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为新质生产力的核心力量，数字技术创新在助力旅游业实现绿色低碳发展历程中发挥了积极支撑作用。基于2011—2022年中国31个省域数据，使用碳足迹分析法测算旅游碳排放量并得出旅游碳排放强度，采用双固定效应模型检验数字技术创新对旅游碳排放强度的直接影响，并结合稳健性检验、内生性检验、调节机制检验、空间效应分析、异质性检验等进行系统阐释。研究发现：①数字技术创新显著抑制了旅游碳排放强度。②环境规制、旅游产业集聚在数字技术创新对旅游碳排放强度的影响中产生了负向调节效应，但环境规制对旅游碳排放强度具有显著正向影响，旅游产业集聚对旅游碳排放强度具有显著负向影响。③数字技术创新对旅游碳排放强度的影响具有空间溢出效应，对邻近省份产生了抑制作用。④数字技术创新对东部省份、非资源型省份、数字基础设施水平较低的省份、“低数字产业化-高产业数字化”和“低数字产业化-低产业数字化”省份的旅游碳排放强度抑制效应更明显。根据研究结论，从整体深化推进、适度环境规制、促进产业集聚、鼓励跨区域合作、统筹区域差异五个层面提出政策建议。

关键词: 新质生产力, 数字技术创新, 旅游碳排放强度, 环境规制, 旅游产业集聚

Abstract:

Digital technology innovation has played a positive supporting role in helping the green and low-carbon development of tourism. Based on 2011-2022 China 31 provincial data, using carbon footprint analysis to measure tourism carbon emissions and derive tourism carbon emission intensity, ,using double fixed effect model test digital technology innovation direct influence on tourism carbon emission intensity, combined with the robustness test, endogenous inspection, mediation mechanism and regulation mechanism inspection, spatial effect analysis, heterogeneity test system interpretation. He study found that: ① Digital technology innovation has significantly suppressed the carbon emission intensity of tourism.② Environmental regulation and tourism industry agglomeration have a negative regulation effect in the impact of digital technology innovation on the carbon emission intensity of tourism, but environmental regulation has a positive impact on the carbon emission intensity of tourism.③ The impact of digital technology innovation on the carbon emission intensity of tourism has a spatial spillover effect, which can have a promoting effect on neighboring provinces.④ Digital technology innovation has a more obvious inhibitory effect on tourism carbon emission intensity in eastern provinces, non-resource-based provinces, provinces with low digital infrastructure level, "low digital industrialization- -high industry digitalization" and "low digital industrialization- -low industry digitalization". According to the conclusion of the research, the policy enlightenment is put forward from five aspects: overall deepening, appropriate environmental regulation, promoting industrial agglomeration, encouraging cross-regional cooperation, and coordinating regional differences.

Key words: new quality productive forces, digital technology innovation, tourism carbon emission intensity, envrionmental regulation, tourism industry agglomeration

吕娟, 吕雁琴, 陈静, 杨平. 由“新”降碳：数字技术创新对旅游碳排放强度的影响[J]. 世界地理研究, 2026, 35(4): 136-152.

Juan LYU, Yanqin LYU, Jing CHEN, Ping YANG. Carbon reduction through innovation: The impact of digital technology innovation on tourism carbon emission intensity[J]. World Regional Studies, 2026, 35(4): 136-152.

图/表 11

参考文献 45

[1]	洪铮,王林,章成.绿色发展背景下区域旅游生态效率影响因素——以西部地区为例.生态学报,2021,41(9):3512-3524.
	HONG Z, WANG L, ZHANG C.Influencing factors of regional tourism eco-efficiency under the background of green development in the western China. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2021,41(9):3512-3524.
[2]	王凯,邵海琴,周婷婷,等.基于EKC框架的旅游发展对区域碳排放的影响分析——基于1995-2015年中国省际面板数据.地理研究,2018,37(4):742-750.
	WANG K, SHAO H, ZHOU T, et al. EKC framework analysis of the effects of tourism development on regional carbon emissions: Based on China's 1995-2015 panel data. Geographical Research,2018,37(4):742-750.
[3]	曾瑜皙,钟林生,虞虎.碳排放影响下中国省域旅游效率损失度研究.生态学报,2017,37(22):7463-7473.
	ZENG Y, ZHONG L, YU H.Evaluation of the tourism efficiency loss due to the influence of carbon emissions from tourism in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(22):7463-7473.
[4]	李华,郑梦园,熊力,等.中国旅游业碳生产率的区域差异及格局演变.世界地理研究,2024,33(4):130-141.
	LI H, ZHENG M, XIONG L, et al. Regional differences and pattern evolution of carbon productivity in China's tourism industry. World Regional Studies,2024,33(4):130-141.
[5]	曾婧婧,保瑞,温永林.旅游业资源名片效应、区位因素对空气污染的影响.中国人口·资源与环境,2020,30(11):194-205.
	ZENG J, BAO R, WEN Y. Impact of regional factors and reputation effects of tourism resources on air pollution. China Population,Resources and Environment,2020,30(11):194-205.
[6]	王凯,邹楠,甘畅.旅游技术效率、旅游绿色生产率收敛性及其影响因素.经济地理,2022,42(6):215-224.
	WANG K, ZOU N, GAN C. Convergence and influencing factors of tourism technical efficiency, green productivity .Economic Geography,2022,42(6):215-224.
[7]	吴文生,荣义,吴华清.数字经济赋能新质生产力发展——基于长三角城市群的研究.金融与经济,2024(4):15-27.
	WU W, RONG Y, WU H. The digital economy empowers the development of new quality productivity-A research based on the urban agglomeration of the Yangtze River Delta. Finance and Economy,2024(4):15-27.
[8]	VIAL G. Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. Managing digital transformation, 2021: 13-66.
[9]	杨名彦,浦正宁.我国省际数字技术创新水平测算及区域差异研究.统计研究,2024,41(2):15-28.
	YANG M, PU Z. Measurement of China's inter-provincial digital technology innovation level and research on regional differences.Statistical Research,2024,41(2):15-28.
[10]	李光勤,李梦娇,王江姣.中国省域数字经济与经济高水平对外开放耦合协调特征及影响因素分析.世界地理研究,2025,34(05):93-109.
	LI G, LI M, WANG J. Research on the coupling-coordination characteristics and influencing factors of China's provincial digital economy and high-level of opening-up of economy. World Regional Studies,2025,34(05):93-109.
[11]	王凯,郭鑫,叶俊,等.中国旅游业高质量发展的时空特征及影响因素.世界地理研究,2023,32(12):104-117.
	WANG K, GUO X, YE J, et al. Spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of high-quality development of tourism in China.World Regional Studies,2023,32(12):104-117.
[12]	刘英基,邹秉坤,韩元军,等.数字经济赋能文旅融合高质量发展——机理、渠道与经验证据.旅游学刊,2023,38(5):28-41.
	LIU Y, ZOU B, HAN Y, et al.The digital economy enables high-quality cultural tourism integration:Mechanisms, channels, and empirical evidence.Tourism Tribune,2023,38(5):28-41.
[13]	肖钊富,李瑞,吕宛青.成渝城市群旅游生态安全时空格局演化研究.世界地理研究,2023,32(10):122-133.
	XIAO Z, LI R, LV W.Study on temporal and spatial pattern evolution of tourism ecological security in Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration.World Regional Studies,2023,32(10):122-133.
[14]	苏振,郑应宏,郭峦.数字经济对旅游业碳排放效率的影响及门槛效应.中国人口·资源与环境,2023,33(8):69-79.
	SU Z, ZHENG Y, GUO L.Impact of the digital economy on the carbon efficiency of the tourism industry and its threshold effect.China Population,Resources and Environment,2023,33(8):69-79.
[15]	刘军,岳梦婷.区域旅游业碳排放及其影响因素——基于旅游流动性视角.中国人口·资源与环境,2021,31(7):37-48.
	LIU J, YUE M.Carbon emissions of regional tourism industry and their influencing factors: A tourism mobility perspective.China Population,Resources and Environment,2021,31(7):37-48.
[16]	黄蕊,李雪威.数字技术提升中国旅游产业效率的机理与路径.当代经济研究,2021(2):75-84.
	HUANG R, LI X.The mechanism and path for digital technology to improve the efficiency of China's tourism industry. Contemporary Economic Research,2021(2):75-84.
[17]	李志远,冯学钢,何静,等.中国旅游生态韧性空间关联网络结构及其驱动因素.地理研究,2024,43(5):1146-1165.
	LI Z, FENG X, HE J,et al.Spatial correlation network structure and driving factors of tourism ecological resilience in China.Geographical Research,2024,43(5):1146-1165.
[18]	包彤.数字技术赋能制造业结构双重优化:效益提升与绿色转型.南方经济,2023(12):83-106.
	BAO T.Digital technology empowers dual optimization of manufacturing structure:Efficiency improvement and green transformation.South China Journal of Economics,2023(12):83-106.
[19]	孟凯,李佳宾,陈险峰,等.乡村旅游地发展过程中"公地悲剧"的演化与治理.旅游学刊,2018,33(8):19-28.
	MENG K, LI J, CHEN X, et al. Revolution and governance of "tragedy of the commons" in the developing process of rural tourism destination.Tourism Tribune,2018,33(8):19-28.
[20]	康江江,宁越敏.长三角地区主导产业专业化集聚演变与影响因素.世界地理研究,2024,33(6):116-127.
	KANG J, NING Y.The evolution and influencing factors of specialized agglomeration of leading industries in the Yangtze River Delta region.World Regional Studies,2024,33(6):116-127.
[21]	KIM Y R, WILLIAMS A M, PARK S, et al. Spatial spillovers of agglomeration economies and productivity in the tourism industry: The case of the UK. Tourism management, 2021, 82: 104201.
[22]	黎恒,王宁,王宗水,等.碳足迹研究现状与演变:基于社会网络视角分析.世界地理研究,2019,28(6):132-144.
	LI H, WANG N, WANG Z, et al. Research status and evolution trend of carbon footprint:Based on social network perspective.World Regional Studies,2019,28(6):132-144.
[23]	罗芬,钟永德,王怀採.碳足迹研究进展及其对低碳旅游研究的启示.世界地理研究,2010,19(3):105-113.
	LUO F, ZHONG Y, WANG H.Carbon footprint and low carbon tourism research.World Regional Studies,2010,19(3):105-113.
[24]	王新越,芦雪静.中国旅游产业集聚空间格局演变及其对旅游经济的影响——基于专业化与多样化集聚视角.地理科学,2020,40(7):1160-1170.
	WANG X, LU X.Evolution of China's tourism industry agglomeration spatial pattern and its impact on tourism economy based on specialization and diversification agglomeration perspective. Geographical Science,2020,40(7):1160-1170.
[25]	雷婷,王奕淇,王超.中国省际旅游交通碳排放空间关联网络及影响因素.环境科学,2025,46(01):53-65.
	LEI T, WANG Y, WANG C. Spatial correlation network and influencing factors of carbon emissions from interprovincial tourism transportation in China. Environmental Science,2025,46(01):53-65.
[26]	刘俊豪,刘榆欣,黄蕾.中国华东地区旅游交通碳排放测度与驱动因素分析.环境科学研究,2024,37(3):626-636.
	LIU J, LIU Y, HUANG L.Measurement and driving factor analysis of carbon emissions from tourism transportation in East China.Research of Environmental Sciences,2024,37(3):626-636.
[27]	魏艳旭,孙根年,马丽君,等.中国旅游交通碳排放及地区差异的初步估算.陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(2):76-84.
	WEI Y, SUN G, MA L,et al. Estimating the carbon emissions and regional differences of tourism transport in China.Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2012,40(2):76-84.
[28]	石培华,吴普.中国旅游业能源消耗与CO₂排放量的初步估算.地理学报,2011,66(2):235-243.
	SHI P, WU P.Preliminary estimation of energy consumption and CO₂emissions in China's tourism industry. Acta Geographica Sinica,2011,66(2):235-243.
[29]	王凯,李娟,席建超.中国旅游经济增长与碳排放的耦合关系研究.旅游学刊,2014,29(6):24-33.
	WANG K, LI J, XI J.Linking between carbon dioxide emission and tourism economic growth in China.Tourism Tribune,2014,29(6):24-33.
[30]	陶锋,朱盼,邱楚芝,等.数字技术创新对企业市场价值的影响研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2023,40(5):68-91.
	TAO F, ZHU P, QIU C, et al. The impact of digital technology innovation on enterprise market value.Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics,2023,40(5):68-91.
[31]	黄勃,李海彤,刘俊岐,等.数字技术创新与中国企业高质量发展——来自企业数字专利的证据.经济研究,2023,58(3):97-115.
	HUANG B, LI H, LIU J,et al. Digital technology innovation and the high-quality development of Chinese enterprises:Evidence from enterprise's digital patents.Economic Research Journal,2023,58(3):97-115.
[32]	杜丹丽,简萧婕,赵丹.中国数字技术创新与数字经济发展耦合协调度研究.科技进步与对策,2023,40(22):1-11.
	DU D, JIAN X, ZHAO D.The coupling coordination degree between China's digital technology innovation and digital economy development.Science & Technology Progress and Policy,2023,40(22):1-11.
[33]	张亚峰,刘海波,陈光华,等.专利是一个好的创新测量指标吗?.外国经济与管理,2018,40(6):3-16.
	ZHANG Y, LIU H, CHEN G, et al.Is patent a good indicator of innovation measurement?.Foreign Economics & Management,2018,40(6):3-16.
[34]	王凯,关锐,甘畅.低碳试点是否有助于提高旅游业碳排放效率?——基于双重差分的实证检验.中国人口·资源与环境,2023,33(11):47-56.
	WANG K, GUAN R, GAN C.Does the low-carbon pilot policy help to improve carbon emission efficiency in China's tourism industry?An empirical test based on the DID model.China Population,Resources and Environment,2023,33(11):47-56.
[35]	张瑜,任以胜,陆林,等.入境旅游集聚对城乡居民收入差距的空间效应——基于空间计量模型分析.世界地理研究,2021,30(5):1061-1072.
	ZHANG Y, REN Y, LU L,et al.Spatial effect of agglomeration of inbound tourism on urban &rural residents' income gap-Based on spatial econometric model.World Regional Studies,2021,30(5):1061-1072.
[36]	汤姿,毕克新.旅游业能源消耗与碳排放研究进展及启示.世界地理研究,2014,23(3):158-168.
	TANG Z, BI K.Review on energy consumption and carbon emission of tourism industry.World Regional Studies,2014,23(3):158-168.
[37]	王金伟,孙洁,雷婷,等.中国粮食生产效率与旅游发展的耦合机制及时空分异.自然资源学报,2022,37(10):2651-2671.
	WANG J, SUN J, LEI T, et al. Coupling mechanism and spatiotemporal differentiation between grain production efficiency and tourism development in China. Journal of Natural Resources,2022,37(10):2651-2671.
[38]	赵磊,张文杰,康敏.新型城镇化的旅游业发展效应及非线性特征研究.旅游科学,2024,38(7):1-21.
	ZHAO L, ZHANG W, KANG M.Research on the effect and nonlinear characteristics of new urbanization on tourism growth.Tourism Science,2024,38(7):1-21.
[39]	孙伟增,郭冬梅.信息基础设施建设对企业劳动力需求的影响:需求规模、结构变化及影响路径.中国工业经济,2021(11):78-96.
	SUN W, GUO D.The impact of information infrastructure on enterprise labor demand:Change of labor demand scale and structure, and its influence channel.China Industrial Economics,2021(11):78-96.
[40]	PORTER M E, LINDE C. Toward a new conception of the environment-competitiveness relationship. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1995, 9(4): 97-118.
[41]	王凯,何静,甘畅,等.中国旅游产业结构变迁对旅游业碳排放效率的空间溢出效应研究.中国软科学,2022(12):50-60.
	WANG K, HE J, GAN C,et al.Study on the spatial spillover effect of China' s tourism industrial structure change on tourism carbon emission efficiency.China Soft Science,2022(12):50-60.
[42]	FENG Y, LIU Y, YUAN H. The spatial threshold effect and its regional boundary of new-type urbanization on energy efficiency. Energy Policy, 2022, 164: 112866.
[43]	施晓燕,史代敏.绿色金融:破解"碳诅咒"困境的有效策略.统计研究,2024,41(1):46-58.
	SHI X, SHI D.Green finance: An effective way to break the "carbon curse".Statistical Research,2024,41(1):46-58.
[44]	楚天骄.城市数字化转型的逻辑起点与实施框架——以上海为例.世界地理研究,2024,33(1):107-118.
	CHU T.Logical starting point and implementation framework of urban digital transformation-Take Shanghai as an example.World Regional Studies,2024,33(1):107-118.
[45]	杨刚强,王海森,范恒山,等.数字经济的碳减排效应:理论分析与经验证据.中国工业经济,2023(5):80-98.
	YANG G, WANG H, FAN H,et al.Carbon reduction effect of digital economy: Theoretical analysis and empirical evidence.China Industrial Economics,2023(5):80-98.

旅游类别	类型	f：旅游者占客运周转量的比重/%			CO₂排放因子
旅游类别	类型	2011—2014年	2015—2019年	2020—2022年	CO₂排放因子
旅游交通	公路	16.7	17.5	21.3	133g/pkm
	民航	60.4	59.1	50.6	137g/pkm
	铁路	36.9	38.7	43.9	27g/pkm
	水运	7.1	5.8	5.2	106g/pkm
旅游住宿	0：平均每年客房出租率/%				43.2g/床·晚
旅游活动	观光旅游	将国内旅游活动与国外旅游活动加总计算 L：将每年游客活动按旅游类型分类，依据比例计算			417g/人
	度假休闲				1 670g/人
	商务出差				786g/人
	探亲访友				591g/人
	其他旅游				172g/人

旅游类别	类型	f：旅游者占客运周转量的比重/%			CO₂排放因子
旅游类别	类型	2011—2014年	2015—2019年	2020—2022年	CO₂排放因子
旅游交通	公路	16.7	17.5	21.3	133g/pkm
	民航	60.4	59.1	50.6	137g/pkm
	铁路	36.9	38.7	43.9	27g/pkm
	水运	7.1	5.8	5.2	106g/pkm
旅游住宿	0：平均每年客房出租率/%				43.2g/床·晚
旅游活动	观光旅游	将国内旅游活动与国外旅游活动加总计算 L：将每年游客活动按旅游类型分类，依据比例计算			417g/人
	度假休闲				1 670g/人
	商务出差				786g/人
	探亲访友				591g/人
	其他旅游				172g/人

变量类型	变量名称/符号	变量衡量	均值	标准差	最小值	最大值
被解释变量	旅游碳排放强度/Tcei	旅游碳排放量/旅游总收入	0.131	0.111	0.017	0.641
核心解释变量	数字技术创新/Gil	数字经济授权发明专利数量+授权实用型专利数量	8.258	1.833	1.543	12.194
调节变量	环境规制/Epr	环境治理投资额/GDP	0.014	0.009	0.003	0.090
调节变量	旅游产业集聚/Lq	旅游产业区位熵	0.722	0.222	0.279	1.536
控制变量	能源结构/Es	电力消费量/电力消费总量	0.032	0.022	0.000	0.090
	工业化水平/Il	工业增加值/GDP	0.278	0.073	0.069	0.453
	经济发展水平/Edl	人均地区生产总值指数	4.672	0.028	4.569	4.754
	交通基础设施水平/Til	公路里程	2.456	0.076	2.241	2.558
	外商直接投资/Fdi	外商直接投资/GDP	0.019	0.024	0.000	0.221

变量类型	变量名称/符号	变量衡量	均值	标准差	最小值	最大值
被解释变量	旅游碳排放强度/Tcei	旅游碳排放量/旅游总收入	0.131	0.111	0.017	0.641
核心解释变量	数字技术创新/Gil	数字经济授权发明专利数量+授权实用型专利数量	8.258	1.833	1.543	12.194
调节变量	环境规制/Epr	环境治理投资额/GDP	0.014	0.009	0.003	0.090
调节变量	旅游产业集聚/Lq	旅游产业区位熵	0.722	0.222	0.279	1.536
控制变量	能源结构/Es	电力消费量/电力消费总量	0.032	0.022	0.000	0.090
	工业化水平/Il	工业增加值/GDP	0.278	0.073	0.069	0.453
	经济发展水平/Edl	人均地区生产总值指数	4.672	0.028	4.569	4.754
	交通基础设施水平/Til	公路里程	2.456	0.076	2.241	2.558
	外商直接投资/Fdi	外商直接投资/GDP	0.019	0.024	0.000	0.221

变量	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
变量	Tcei	Tcei	Tcei	Tcei	Tcei	Tcei
Gil	-0.049^***	-0.049^***	-0.051^***	-0.049^***	-0.052^***	-0.050^***
	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.008)
Es		0.528	0.482	0.593	0.593	0.669
		(0.857)	(0.861)	(0.861)	(0.857)	(0.859)
Il			0.060	0.037	0.019	0.014
			(0.091)	(0.092)	(0.092)	(0.092)
Edl				0.293^*	0.309^*	0.326^*
				(0.167)	(0.167)	(0.167)
Til					-0.729^*	-0.681^*
					(0.390)	(0.392)
Fdi						-0.160
						(0.128)
Constant	0.550^***	0.536^***	0.527^***	-0.863	0.871	0.668
	(0.049)	(0.054)	(0.056)	(0.795)	(1.220)	(1.230)
省份固定	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
时间固定	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
样本量	372	372	372	372	372	372
R²	0.544	0.545	0.545	0.550	0.554	0.557