城市空间破碎化研究进展及其展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2020.05.2019184

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在辨析城市空间破碎化概念基础上，以空间破碎化在城市方面研究为主题对1998—2016年间SCI和SSCI数据库中相关文章进行文献计量，对城市空间破碎化研究的内容、方法和进展开展评述。从研究主题看，相关研究多以土地利用、生物多样性保护、环境可持续发展为主题展开，遥感和GIS技术应用是主要的技术趋势。从测度方法看，以土地功能碎化与景观破碎化测度为主，采用景观格局分析的方法，涉及多种景观维度或指数的综合运用。从城市空间相关的研究来看，以现象描述为主，主要着眼于城市内部空间重组，探讨不同类型空间破碎化的表现、产生原因和应对思考。未来城市空间破碎化研究应综合多学科的视角和方法，从空间上一体化运行的相关实体要素出发研究城市空间破碎化内涵、测度方法，结合空间大数据挖掘应用的新技术新方法开展系统综合的研究。

关键词: 城市空间破碎化, 研究进展, 研究展望

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of the concept of urban space fragmentation, this paper examines the relevant articles in the SCI,SSCI databases in 1998-2016 with the theme of urban space fragmentation research, and reviews contents, methods and progress of urban space fragmentation research. From the research topic, related research mostly focuses on land use, biodiversity conservation and environmental sustainable development. The application of remote sensing and GIS is the main technology trend. From the measurement method, the land function fragmentation and landscape fragmentation measurement are the main methods, and the landscape pattern analysis method is adopted, which involves the comprehensive application of various landscape dimensions or indices. From the perspective of urban space-related research, the phenomenon description is the main focus, focusing on urban internal space reorganization, exploring the performance, causes and countermeasures of different types of spatial fragmentation. In the future, urban spatial fragmentation research should integrate multi-disciplinary perspectives and methods, and study the connotation and measurement methods of urban space fragmentation from the related physical elements of spatially integrated operation, and combine the new technology and new methods of spatial big data mining application to carry out system integration.

Key words: urban space fragmentation, research progress, research prospects

朱佩娟, 张美芳, 贺清云. 城市空间破碎化研究进展及其展望[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(5): 985-995.

Peijuan ZHU, Meifang ZHANG, Qingyun HE. Research progress and prospect of urban space fragmentation[J]. World Regional Studies, 2020, 29(5): 985-995.

图/表 8

参考文献 51

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代表学者	城市空间破碎化的定义
Brown^[7], Johnson^[20]	一个“打破或分离成碎片”的状态，或“分离成部分，形成新的个人或单位”的过程
Graham^[8]	在信息化时代，城市空间呈现出一种单体均质而整体异质的破碎状态
Hidding^[21]	空间分裂成碎片的现象，如土地的碎片化、区域的分割、空间结构的支离破碎等
Coy^[9]	一种城市空间非整合状态，受消费者需求多样化和居住区在市场化过程中自然分层的影响，城市富裕居民聚居的隔离社区不断增加
Jenks^[10]	空间各自为政，表现出极化和叠加的社会空间分化，是一种“支离破碎”的状态与形成过程
Labbé^[22]，Mohamed^[23]	表现为空间、功能和社会隔离，并导致片区的衰落

代表学者	城市空间破碎化的定义
Brown^[7], Johnson^[20]	一个“打破或分离成碎片”的状态，或“分离成部分，形成新的个人或单位”的过程
Graham^[8]	在信息化时代，城市空间呈现出一种单体均质而整体异质的破碎状态
Hidding^[21]	空间分裂成碎片的现象，如土地的碎片化、区域的分割、空间结构的支离破碎等
Coy^[9]	一种城市空间非整合状态，受消费者需求多样化和居住区在市场化过程中自然分层的影响，城市富裕居民聚居的隔离社区不断增加
Jenks^[10]	空间各自为政，表现出极化和叠加的社会空间分化，是一种“支离破碎”的状态与形成过程
Labbé^[22]，Mohamed^[23]	表现为空间、功能和社会隔离，并导致片区的衰落

作者	TP	TC1	TC1/TP	代表作（发表年份）	TC	研究领域
Lindenmayer,DB	31	2146	69.23	General management principles and a checklist of strategies to guide forest biodiversity conservation (2006)	280	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
Fahrig, L	25	1493	59.72	Functional landscape heterogeneity and animal biodiversity in agricultural landscapes (2011)	382	环境科学与生态学
Radeloff,VC	24	1369	57.04	The wildland-urban interface in the United States (2005)	429	环境科学与生态学
Crooks, KR	23	1190	51.74	Relative sensitivities of mammalian carnivores to habitat fragmentation (2002)	360	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
Nagendra,H	21	1211	57.67	From pattern to process: landscape fragmentation and the analysis of land use/land cover change (2004)	176	农业;环境科学与生态学
Riitters,KH	21	937	44.62	Fragmentation of continental United States forests (2002)	185	环境科学与生态学
Salvati, L	21	189	9.00	To grow or to sprawl? Land cover relationships in a mediterranean city region and implications for land use management (2013)	47	城市研究
Cousins,SAO	19	680	35.79	Analysis of land-cover transitions based on 17th and 18th century cadastral maps and aerial photographs (2001)	129	环境科学与生态学;自然地理学;地质学
Southworth, J	19	232	12.21	Roads as drivers of change: trajectories across the tri-national frontier in map,the southwestern Amazon (2011)	46	遥感
Mac Nally,R	18	732	40.67	Distribution of an uran amphibians in massively altered landscapes in south-eastern Australia: effects of climate change in an aridifying region (2009)	30	环境科学与生态学;自然地理学
Peres,CA	17	993	58.41	Biodiversity conservation in human-modified Amazonian forest landscapes (2010)	76	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
Steffan-Dewenter,I	17	3647	214.53	The interplay of pollinator diversity,pollination services and landscape change (2008)	62	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
McAlpine,CA	16	486	30.38	Increasing world consumption of beef as a driver of regional and global change: A call for policy action based on evidence from Queensland Colombia and Brazil (2009)	95	环境科学与生态学;地理学

作者	TP	TC1	TC1/TP	代表作（发表年份）	TC	研究领域
Lindenmayer,DB	31	2146	69.23	General management principles and a checklist of strategies to guide forest biodiversity conservation (2006)	280	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
Fahrig, L	25	1493	59.72	Functional landscape heterogeneity and animal biodiversity in agricultural landscapes (2011)	382	环境科学与生态学
Radeloff,VC	24	1369	57.04	The wildland-urban interface in the United States (2005)	429	环境科学与生态学
Crooks, KR	23	1190	51.74	Relative sensitivities of mammalian carnivores to habitat fragmentation (2002)	360	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
Nagendra,H	21	1211	57.67	From pattern to process: landscape fragmentation and the analysis of land use/land cover change (2004)	176	农业;环境科学与生态学
Riitters,KH	21	937	44.62	Fragmentation of continental United States forests (2002)	185	环境科学与生态学
Salvati, L	21	189	9.00	To grow or to sprawl? Land cover relationships in a mediterranean city region and implications for land use management (2013)	47	城市研究
Cousins,SAO	19	680	35.79	Analysis of land-cover transitions based on 17th and 18th century cadastral maps and aerial photographs (2001)	129	环境科学与生态学;自然地理学;地质学
Southworth, J	19	232	12.21	Roads as drivers of change: trajectories across the tri-national frontier in map,the southwestern Amazon (2011)	46	遥感
Mac Nally,R	18	732	40.67	Distribution of an uran amphibians in massively altered landscapes in south-eastern Australia: effects of climate change in an aridifying region (2009)	30	环境科学与生态学;自然地理学
Peres,CA	17	993	58.41	Biodiversity conservation in human-modified Amazonian forest landscapes (2010)	76	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
Steffan-Dewenter,I	17	3647	214.53	The interplay of pollinator diversity,pollination services and landscape change (2008)	62	生物多样性与保护;环境科学与生态学
McAlpine,CA	16	486	30.38	Increasing world consumption of beef as a driver of regional and global change: A call for policy action based on evidence from Queensland Colombia and Brazil (2009)	95	环境科学与生态学;地理学

研究机构	数量	基金资助	数量
中国科学院	126	国家自然科学基金委员会	166
美国昆士兰大学	85	美国国家科学基金会	150
美国威斯康辛大学	67	加拿大自然科学与工程理事会	61
美国地质调查局	62	澳大利亚研究委员会	54
北京师范大学	54	欧洲联盟	48
墨西哥国立大学	49	美国国家航空航天局	44
佛罗里达大学	48	巴西国家科学技术发展委员会	38
美国森林服务	46	巴西高教基金委	30
澳大利亚国立大学	45	瑞典环境、农业科学和空间研究委员会	25
赫尔辛基大学	45	芬兰科学院	22