主管单位：中国科学技术协会
主办单位：中国地理学会
承办单位：华东师范大学
世界地理研究

世界地理研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 36-47.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.02.2021399

• 世界政治与经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

全球创意城市的区域多样性与网络结构特征

曲华丽1,2(), 何金廖1,3()   

  1. 1.华东师范大学，中国现代城市研究中心，上海 200062
    2.华东师范大学，城市与区域科学学院，上海 200062
    3.华东师范大学，城市发展研究院，上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-08 修回日期:2021-11-21 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 何金廖
  • 作者简介:曲华丽（1996—）女，硕士，研究方向创意产业与创意城市，E-mail：51203902031@stu.ecnu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42171214);上海市“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究项目(22692106200)

Regional diversity and network structure of global creative cities

Huali QU1,2(), Jinliao HE1,3()   

  1. 1.The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    2.School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    3.The Institute of Urban Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2021-05-08 Revised:2021-11-21 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-24
  • Contact: Jinliao HE

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摘要：

创意城市是当前学术界讨论的热点之一。然而，当前研究主要关注创意城市构成要素，缺少从全球尺度分析不同地区创意城市发展的异同性。本文系统梳理创意城市的概念内涵，以联合国教科文组织“创意城市网络”成员城市为基础数据，通过聚类分析、社会网络分析等方法，考察了全球创意城市的类型与空间分布特征、区域多样性以及 “创意城市网络”的结构特征。研究发现：①全球创意城市在类型上以手工艺和民间艺术、音乐为核心主题，在空间上呈现以西欧、东北亚、加勒比海和墨西哥湾为主要集聚地的发展态势。②全球创意城市因受到历史文化和地理邻近等因素的影响表现出很强的区域聚类现象，全球国家大致可分为四种类型：音乐媒体艺术类国家（以欧洲和加勒比海国家为主）、文学创意类国家（以印欧语系国家为主）、手工艺与民间艺术类创意国家（以古丝绸之路国家为主）、设计创意及美食类国家（以亚洲国家为主）。③韩国、澳大利亚、意大利、美国、中国等国家在全球创意城市网络中占据中心位置，中国创意城市数量较高，但网络中的度中心性有待进一步提升，这主要由于中国的创意城市存在较为严重的同质化现象，缺少多样化创意发展战略。

关键词: 创意城市网络, 区域多样性, 文化创意产业, 联合国科教文组织

Abstract:

Over the past years, creative cities received great attention in academic circle. However, current literature mainly focuses on the cases in specific regions, lacking of research on the regional heterogeneity in the development of creative cities on the global level. Based on the concept of creative cities, this paper provides an empirical study on regional diversity of UNESCO "Creative City Network" members. Using the quantitative methods such as clustering analysis, social network analysis, it investigates the clustering of the global creative cities among different countries. The findings suggest that: (1) In terms of the types of global creative cities, the core themes in the UNESCO "Creative City Network" are handicraft, folk art and music. In terms of regional distribution, Western Europe, Northeast Asia, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico are the core areas. (2) This regional heterogeneity is greatly influenced by historical and cultural contexts, as well as geographical proximity. In general, countries over the world can be classified into four clusters: Music Media Art countries (mainly European and Caribbean countries), Literature Creative countries (mainly Indo-European countries), Handicraft and Folk Art Creative countries (dominated by ancient Silk Road countries), Design Creative Country and Food Creative Country (mainly Asian countries). (3) South Korea, Australia, Italy, the United States, China and other countries take up the central position in the global creative cities network. Although China has a lot of creative cities, its centrality is relatively faire due to that homogenization of creative cities in China is serious. There is a shortage of diversified development strategies in building creative cities in China.

Key words: creative city network, regional diversity, cultural and creative industries, UNESCO