世界地理研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 48-58.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.02.2021256
收稿日期:
2021-05-02
修回日期:
2021-11-03
出版日期:
2023-02-15
发布日期:
2023-02-24
通讯作者:
梁源
作者简介:
喻冰洁(1991—),男,博士研究生,主要从事共享交通大数据分析,E-mail:270433051@qq.com。
基金资助:
Bingjie YU1(), Yuan LIANG2(), Linchuan YANG1
Received:
2021-05-02
Revised:
2021-11-03
Online:
2023-02-15
Published:
2023-02-24
Contact:
Yuan LIANG
摘要:
共享单车作为低碳环保的交通出行方式,在全球许多城市得到了快速发展。但已有共享单车与建成环境的关系研究较少关注街区空间尺度及形态因素,且忽略了影响因素的非线性作用。基于波士顿共享单车出行数据,分析共享单车出行的时空特征;运用广义可加混合模型,解析骑行量与街区建成环境的关系。结果表明:①波士顿共享单车骑行量由中心区向城市外围呈圈层梯度递减趋势,骑行距离具有3km集中骑行圈与6km极限骑行圈特征;②周末、天气、温度等时变因素会显著影响单车使用;③骑行量与街区总人口数、路网密度和地铁接入性显著正相关,与街区路网方向熵、平均路段长度分别呈L形、倒U形的非线性关系。最后,从可骑行社区构建、TOD慢行系统建设以及精准化共享单车投放等方面,阐述了研究对我国城市的启示。
喻冰洁, 梁源, 杨林川. 波士顿共享单车出行与街区建成环境的关系研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(2): 48-58.
Bingjie YU, Yuan LIANG, Linchuan YANG. Exploring the relationship between bike-sharing ridership and built environment characteristics: A case study based on GAMM in Boston[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(2): 48-58.
变量 | 描述 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
站点特征 | 站点日出行量 | 从该站点出发的订单数量 | 36.81 | 20.86 | 0.00 | 372.00 |
站点停车总容量 | 每个站点的总泊位数量 | 17.76 | 4.40 | 3.00 | 47.00 | |
建成环境指标 | 人口数量 | 单位:1000人 | 1.29 | 0.64 | 0.00 | 3.48 |
距城市CBD的距离 | 单位:1000m | 5.82 | 3.18 | 0.19 | 14.44 | |
职住混合指数 | 1=最混合,0=最单一 | 0.62 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.96 | |
距最近公交站距离 | 单位:100m | 2.09 | 1.25 | 0.14 | 7.15 | |
地铁接入性 | 站点500m范围内有地铁站(1=有,0=无) | 0.48 | — | — | — | |
路网密度 | 单位:km/km2 | 20.33 | 2.24 | 12.55 | 28.03 | |
平均路段长度 | 单位:m | 68.36 | 6.89 | 45.89 | 91.55 | |
路网方向熵 | 越小代表街道方向越规整 | 3.34 | 0.17 | 2.49 | 3.55 | |
时变因素 | 周末 | 1=周末,0=工作日 | 0.28 | — | — | — |
天气 | 1=雨天,0=晴天 | 0.27 | — | — | — | |
平均温度 | 单位:摄氏度 | 22.41 | 3.65 | 12.00 | 30.50 |
表1 变量描述性统计
Tab.1 Descriptive statistics of variables
变量 | 描述 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
站点特征 | 站点日出行量 | 从该站点出发的订单数量 | 36.81 | 20.86 | 0.00 | 372.00 |
站点停车总容量 | 每个站点的总泊位数量 | 17.76 | 4.40 | 3.00 | 47.00 | |
建成环境指标 | 人口数量 | 单位:1000人 | 1.29 | 0.64 | 0.00 | 3.48 |
距城市CBD的距离 | 单位:1000m | 5.82 | 3.18 | 0.19 | 14.44 | |
职住混合指数 | 1=最混合,0=最单一 | 0.62 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.96 | |
距最近公交站距离 | 单位:100m | 2.09 | 1.25 | 0.14 | 7.15 | |
地铁接入性 | 站点500m范围内有地铁站(1=有,0=无) | 0.48 | — | — | — | |
路网密度 | 单位:km/km2 | 20.33 | 2.24 | 12.55 | 28.03 | |
平均路段长度 | 单位:m | 68.36 | 6.89 | 45.89 | 91.55 | |
路网方向熵 | 越小代表街道方向越规整 | 3.34 | 0.17 | 2.49 | 3.55 | |
时变因素 | 周末 | 1=周末,0=工作日 | 0.28 | — | — | — |
天气 | 1=雨天,0=晴天 | 0.27 | — | — | — | |
平均温度 | 单位:摄氏度 | 22.41 | 3.65 | 12.00 | 30.50 |
参数 | 解释变量 | 系数估计值 | 标准误 | Z值 | p值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
参数项 | 截距项 | 2.902 | 0.071 | 41.077 | <0.001 |
周末 | -0.105 | 0.003 | -40.201 | <0.001 | |
天气 | -0.207 | 0.002 | -84.539 | <0.001 | |
地铁接入性 | 0.470 | 0.111 | 4.279 | <0.001 | |
参数 | 解释变量 | 估计自由度 | 参考自由度 | 卡方检验量 | p值 |
非参数平滑项 | 时间趋势项 | 8.828 | 8.991 | 4102.000 | <0.001 |
平均温度 | 8.957 | 8.999 | 1780.000 | <0.001 | |
站点停车总容量 | 2.587 | 2.588 | 38.740 | <0.001 | |
人口数量 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 4.969 | 0.026 | |
职住混合指数 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.717 | 0.190 | |
距最近公交站距离 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.464 | 0.496 | |
距城市CBD距离 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 33.880 | <0.001 | |
路网密度 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 7.713 | 0.005 | |
街道平均长度 | 3.911 | 3.915 | 19.780 | 0.001 | |
路网方向熵 | 4.958 | 4.961 | 14.720 | 0.011 | |
调整后 | 0.878 | ||||
解释的偏差 | 90% | ||||
样本量 | 26 312 |
表2 模型结果 (Model results)
Tab.2
参数 | 解释变量 | 系数估计值 | 标准误 | Z值 | p值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
参数项 | 截距项 | 2.902 | 0.071 | 41.077 | <0.001 |
周末 | -0.105 | 0.003 | -40.201 | <0.001 | |
天气 | -0.207 | 0.002 | -84.539 | <0.001 | |
地铁接入性 | 0.470 | 0.111 | 4.279 | <0.001 | |
参数 | 解释变量 | 估计自由度 | 参考自由度 | 卡方检验量 | p值 |
非参数平滑项 | 时间趋势项 | 8.828 | 8.991 | 4102.000 | <0.001 |
平均温度 | 8.957 | 8.999 | 1780.000 | <0.001 | |
站点停车总容量 | 2.587 | 2.588 | 38.740 | <0.001 | |
人口数量 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 4.969 | 0.026 | |
职住混合指数 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.717 | 0.190 | |
距最近公交站距离 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.464 | 0.496 | |
距城市CBD距离 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 33.880 | <0.001 | |
路网密度 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 7.713 | 0.005 | |
街道平均长度 | 3.911 | 3.915 | 19.780 | 0.001 | |
路网方向熵 | 4.958 | 4.961 | 14.720 | 0.011 | |
调整后 | 0.878 | ||||
解释的偏差 | 90% | ||||
样本量 | 26 312 |
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