Abstract: Germany is China’s largest trading partner in Europe, therefore, studying the potential of bilateral trade between China and Germany has an important theoretical value and practical significance to the timely adjustment of the foreign trade strategy as well as to the construction of “One Belt and One Road”. First of all, this paper analyses the Sino-German bilateral trade situation via the use of bilateral trade data and trade integration index. Next, it evaluates the potential development of Sino-German bilateral trade by applying EViews software to establish the trade gravity model, in which there are five aspects to be considered: GDP of both countries, per capita GDP, the distance between two capitals, and a member of WTO and APEC or not, along with the help of the trade data of 37 major countries in 2014. The conclusions are made: the bilateral trade is gradually deepening on a large scale with a rapid increase; the commodity structure in the two countries is strongly complementary; the degree of trade complementarity is changing in an increasing trend in Germany’s trade with China while it is deducing in China’s trade with Germany; Sino-German bilateral trade potential value increases in the process of fluctuation, the figure is greater than 1.2, which belongs to the type of “potential re-modeling”, thus the trade potential has been brought into full play yet rises in a narrow space.