主管单位：中国科学技术协会
主办单位：中国地理学会
承办单位：华东师范大学
世界地理研究

世界地理研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 72-83.

• 城市与区域 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国东部沿海城市密集区效率的时空差异与收敛性分析

何则1,何元庆1,严永耀1,钟少颖2   

  1. 1. 中科院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所；中科院大学
    2. 中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-03 修回日期:2016-12-01 出版日期:2017-06-15 发布日期:2017-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 何则
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新群体项目;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题;国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目

Spatial and temporal differences and convergence of efficiency in the eastern coastal urban concentrated areas of China

  • Received:2016-05-03 Revised:2016-12-01 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2017-06-15

PDF

摘要： 基于SBM-DEA模型分析了东部沿海地区的辽中南、京津冀、山东半岛、长三角、海峡西岸、珠三角和北部湾城市密集区113个城市效率的空间差异，然后用Malmquist 指数揭示了城市效率的全要素生产率（Total factor productivity, TFP）的动态变化，并对其做了绝对收敛性分析。结果表明：（1）中国东部沿海7大城市密集区的城市效率普遍较低，存在较大的改进空间。有效率的城市只有北京市、上海市、深圳市、广州市和东莞市5个。各城市密集区中珠三角城市密集区效率最高，其次为京津冀城市密集区，其它依次为海峡西岸、北部湾、长三角、辽中南和山东半岛城市密集区。（2）7大城市密集区都存在投入要素冗余与产出不足。其中，资本和技术要素投入产出率较低，使用方式比较粗放；相对而言，人力和土地要素的投入产出的效率高，使用方式比较集约。各城市密集区投入冗余状况比较相近，而产出不足方面则差异较大。各城市密集区在总体经济效益和社会公众收益方面，仍有较大提升空间。（3）2003-2014年，中国东部沿海城市密集区城市效率的TFP整体上为上升趋势，技术进步对城市效率TFP提高的贡献更大。北部湾城市密集区尤其应重视生产技术水平的提高。（4）辽中南、长三角、海峡西岸和北部湾城市密集区同时存在σ收敛和绝对β收敛，存在俱乐部收敛现象。除京津冀和珠三角城市密集区外，其他城市密集区城市效率TFP差异会逐步自动消失。

Abstract: Urban efficiency is a very important measuring index in the evaluation of urban development, and eastern coastal region is the most densely distributed place of cities in China. So it has very important theoretical and practical significance to analyze this region's changes of urban efficiency and spatial-temporal differences, for improving and developing the efficiency of China's cities, as well as optimizing the urban space layout. Based on SBM-DEA model, this paper first analyzed the spatial differences of urban efficiency in the eastern coastal urban concentrated areas of China. Then it analyzed the dynamic variation in total factor productivity (TFP) of urban concentrated areas by using Malmquist index, and examined the convergence. The results show that: (1) the overall level of Urban efficiency is still low and there is a large room for improvement in all the 7 urban concentrated areas in eastern coastal China. There are only 5 cities are efficiency, including Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Dongguan city. The efficiency of the Pearl River Delta urban concentrated area is the highest, the efficiency of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is ranking second, and the other is West Strait, North Bay, the Yangtze River Delta, Central-southern of Liaoning, Shandong peninsula urban concentrated area in turn. (2) The excess input and output shortage problem are in all the 7 urban concentrated areas in eastern coastal China, and there is quiet different in output shortage pattern. The productivity of capital and technology is lower than human and land elements. The total economic benefit and social public benefit have great room to improve in all the 7 urban concentrated areas. (3) From 2003 to 2014, the TFP of urban efficiency shows a trend of rising in urban concentrated areas in eastern coastal China, and the technological progress has contributed more than efficiency progress to the TFP of urban efficiency. In particular, North Bay urban concentrated area should attache importance to the improvement of production technology. (4) Central-southern of Liaoning, the Yangtze River Delta, West Strait and North Bay urban concentrated areas have the club-convergence. In addition to Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the Pearl River Delta, the difference of TFP in other urban concentrated areas will gradually disappear automatically.

中图分类号: