Abstract: Based on the models of regional gravity center, geographic concentration index and inconsistency index, from 1988 to 2012, the spatial distribution and coupling relationship between arable land and agricultural labor force in Erhai lake Area are analyzed. The results indicate that: with time going on, the evolutionary trend of the gravity center of arable land was mainly to the northwest, while southeast as a secondary; the phased change of the gravity center of agricultural labor force is obviously, overall shifted to the southwest; In 25 years, the space-overlaps and changes in consistency of arable land and agricultural labor force gravity were both significantly increased, the coupling trend of the two gravity centers are becoming more and more obvious. The degree of geography concentration of arable land and agricultural labor force in Haixi area are both far above those in Haidong, the west coast of Erhai Lake, S221 and G214 are the main and minor agglomeration axis of arable land and agricultural labor force respectively; Since 1988, the arable land gathered to the central and northern regions of Haixi, while the agricultural labor force showing a change from decentralized to centralized layout, as a whole, there was a highly positive correlation between them; With time going on, the coordination degree of spatial distribution of arable land and agricultural labor force in the village area decreased obviously, according to the inconsistency index, the Erhai lake Area can be divided into five types of villages which are arable land advantage agglomeration type, agricultural labor force lag distribution type, arable land-agricultural labor force spatial coordination type, arable land lag distribution type and agricultural labor force advantage agglomeration type.