关键词: 海上丝路, 南亚, 地缘格局, 战略均势, 离岸平衡

Abstract:

The balance of power between India and Pakistan is the foundation of the pattern of geopolitics in South Asia and the security factors in Maritime Silk Road. Due to the rise of India and the American policy change the balance of power in South Asia began to collapse after entering the 21st century, during which the China-US-India triangle is replacing China-India- Pakistan triangle and US-India-Pakistan triangle. In the future, an unbound and pro-west India may bring forward more uncertainty to China's oil passageway and the security in Tibet. Moreover, because of Pakistan's more difficult strategic position, the ability of shielding Xinjiang from Islamic extremist forces will weaken. In this situation, China should actively participate in the reconstruction of regional strategy pattern, which including:1)To promote mutual trust with India by economic means.2)To adopt offshore balance strategy to hedge the geopolitical risk by helping Pakistan in economic development and military building. 3)To look for strategic foothold in the northern Indian Ocean. Only do all of these China will escape a converging attack by America, Japan and India in both directions of the Pacific and Indian Ocean.

Key words: South Asia, Maritime Silk Road, geopolitical pattern, balance of power, offshore balance