世界地理研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 111-126.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2025.04.20230768
• 城市与产业 • 上一篇
刘安乐1,2(), 杨承玥2, 明庆忠3(
), 田瑾4, 陆保一5, 王金凤2
收稿日期:
2023-11-10
修回日期:
2024-03-10
出版日期:
2025-04-15
发布日期:
2025-04-27
通讯作者:
明庆忠
作者简介:
刘安乐(1988—),男,副教授,博士,研究方向为旅游经济效应,E-mail:Liuanle34@163.com。
基金资助:
Anle LIU1,2(), Chengyue YANG2, Qingzhong MING3(
), Jin TIAN4, Baoyi LU5, Jinfeng WANG2
Received:
2023-11-10
Revised:
2024-03-10
Online:
2025-04-15
Published:
2025-04-27
Contact:
Qingzhong MING
摘要:
数字普惠金融能够有效纾解县域旅游发展的金融服务困境、巩固旅游脱贫攻坚的实践成果,并提升乡村振兴效能。文章阐述了数字普惠金融赋能县域旅游经济发展空间扩散传导效应的内在机理,基于改进的熵值法,测算2014—2020年贵州省88个县域的旅游经济增长指数,并利用北京大学金融研究院研制的数字普惠金融指数,运用空间计量分析模型(SPDM)和时空地理加权回归模型(GTWR)验证了数字普惠金融对县域旅游经济增长的空间溢出效应及其时空异质性。研究发现:①贵州省数字普惠金融和县域旅游经济增长指数均存在空间不均衡性,且存在显著的正向空间依赖和空间自相关特征;②数字普惠金融对县域旅游经济增长有正向空间溢出效应,研究期内,间接溢出效应系数明显低于直接效应系数;通过替换变量和更换空间矩阵等方法,结论依然稳健。③2014—2020年,数字普惠金融对旅游经济增长的正效应总体保持上升趋势,空间溢出效应格局从以贵阳-凯里为核心的单核圈层递减结构向以贵阳-遵义-凯里为核心的多核圈层结构转换。
刘安乐, 杨承玥, 明庆忠, 田瑾, 陆保一, 王金凤. 数字普惠金融对县域旅游经济增长的空间溢出效应及其时空异质性[J]. 世界地理研究, 2025, 34(4): 111-126.
Anle LIU, Chengyue YANG, Qingzhong MING, Jin TIAN, Baoyi LU, Jinfeng WANG. Spatial spillover effect of digital inclusive finance on county tourism economic growth and its spatio-temporal heterogeneity[J]. World Regional Studies, 2025, 34(4): 111-126.
年份 | 旅游经济增长水平 | 数字普惠金融 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Moran’s I | prob | z-value | Moran’s I | prob | z-value | |
2014 | 0.129 1 | 0.025 0 | 2.210 0 | 0.285 1 | 0.001 0 | 4.496 4 |
2015 | 0.128 4 | 0.026 0 | 2.195 4 | 0.305 6 | 0.001 0 | 4.976 3 |
2016 | 0.106 2 | 0.039 0 | 1.844 6 | 0.104 9 | 0.002 0 | 2.979 8 |
2017 | 0.115 9 | 0.026 0 | 2.060 6 | 0.106 9 | 0.002 0 | 3.088 0 |
2018 | 0.157 7 | 0.010 0 | 2.678 6 | 0.124 7 | 0.001 0 | 3.290 7 |
2019 | 0.172 7 | 0.008 0 | 2.877 1 | 0.117 0 | 0.001 0 | 3.147 1 |
2020 | 0.347 3 | 0.001 0 | 5.438 1 | 0.109 6 | 0.001 0 | 2.990 1 |
表1 Moran’s I 检验结果统计
Tab.1 Moran's I test result statistics
年份 | 旅游经济增长水平 | 数字普惠金融 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Moran’s I | prob | z-value | Moran’s I | prob | z-value | |
2014 | 0.129 1 | 0.025 0 | 2.210 0 | 0.285 1 | 0.001 0 | 4.496 4 |
2015 | 0.128 4 | 0.026 0 | 2.195 4 | 0.305 6 | 0.001 0 | 4.976 3 |
2016 | 0.106 2 | 0.039 0 | 1.844 6 | 0.104 9 | 0.002 0 | 2.979 8 |
2017 | 0.115 9 | 0.026 0 | 2.060 6 | 0.106 9 | 0.002 0 | 3.088 0 |
2018 | 0.157 7 | 0.010 0 | 2.678 6 | 0.124 7 | 0.001 0 | 3.290 7 |
2019 | 0.172 7 | 0.008 0 | 2.877 1 | 0.117 0 | 0.001 0 | 3.147 1 |
2020 | 0.347 3 | 0.001 0 | 5.438 1 | 0.109 6 | 0.001 0 | 2.990 1 |
检验方法 | W1 | W2 |
---|---|---|
LM-spatial lag | 13.089 2*** | 9.114 8*** |
Robust LM-spatial lag | 3.433 0** | 6.462 6** |
LM-spatial error | 10.452 0*** | 5.806 9** |
Robust LM-spatial error | 0.795 8* | 3.154 7 |
Wald-spatial lag | 10.298 4** | 32.421 3*** |
Wald-spatial error | 12.257 4** | 30.152 2*** |
LR- spatial lag | 9.883 9** | 29.55 0*** |
LR-spatial error | 11.987 1** | 32.128 1*** |
表2 模型选择检验
Tab.2 Model selection test
检验方法 | W1 | W2 |
---|---|---|
LM-spatial lag | 13.089 2*** | 9.114 8*** |
Robust LM-spatial lag | 3.433 0** | 6.462 6** |
LM-spatial error | 10.452 0*** | 5.806 9** |
Robust LM-spatial error | 0.795 8* | 3.154 7 |
Wald-spatial lag | 10.298 4** | 32.421 3*** |
Wald-spatial error | 12.257 4** | 30.152 2*** |
LR- spatial lag | 9.883 9** | 29.55 0*** |
LR-spatial error | 11.987 1** | 32.128 1*** |
变量 | POLS(W1) | SPLM(W1) | SPDM(W1) | SPDM(W1) | SPDM(W2) | SPDM(W1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
index | 0.140 0*** (4.598 2) | 0.130 0*** (4.211 6) | 0.120 0*** (3.626 8) | 0.110 0*** (3.288 0) | 0.540 2* (0.222 4) | |
digitil | 0.1013* (0.874 2) | |||||
pgdp | 0.100 2*** (9.256 8) | 0.100 2*** (7.961 8) | 0.100 1*** (6.391 6) | 1.000 1*** (7.412 1) | 0.100 2*** (6.985 6) | 0.100 8*** (4.857 4) |
res | 0.000 2 *** (5.410 4) | 0.001 5*** (5.400 4) | 0.101 6*** (5.964 8) | 1.001 7*** (6.006 5) | 0.101 8*** (6.484 1) | 0.274 1*** (6.111 4) |
tir | 0.101 5*** (13.836 3) | 0.101 5*** (13.777 9) | 0.101 5*** (13.293 0) | 0.101 5*** (13.566 4) | 0.101 4*** (12.235 8) | 0.930 1*** (23.170 0) |
pol | 0.000 1** (1.8813 6) | 0.000 1** (2.098 6) | 0.000 1 (1.391 7) | 0.000 2 (1.862 4) | 0.000 2*** (1.435 1) | 0.000 2*** (1.685 0) |
hr | 0.001 2*** (10.006 4) | 0.000 8*** (10.502 6) | 0.000 7*** (11.3383) | 0.000 8*** (12.047 8) | 0.000 7*** (10.658 4) | 0.000 6*** (10.070 1) |
W*index | 0.110 1* (0.320 7) | 0.080 3* (0.557 7) | -0.139 3* (-0.101 5) | |||
W*digitil | 0.000 0* (0.056 4) | |||||
W*pgdp | 0.000 0** (0.084 6) | 0.000 0** (0.389 3) | 0.000 0* (1.778 3) | 0.000 2 (0.673 3) | ||
W*res | -0.017 6** (-2.841 5) | -0.017 7** (-2.811 8) | -0.001 2* (-1.994 0) | -1.103 6** (-2.369 9) | ||
W*tir | 0.000 3 (1.413 1) | 0.000 4 (1.454 1) | 0.000 1 (0.404 0) | 0.637 1**(2.697 2) | ||
W*pol | 0.000 0 (0.688 7) | 0.000 0 (0.119 2) | 0.000 0 (-0.038 6) | 0.000 0 (0.750 1) | ||
W*hr | -0.000 0 (-0.547 6) | -0.000 0 (-0.920 1) | -0.000 0** (-2.304 0) | -0.000 0 (-0.207 8) | ||
ρ | 1.289 8*** (3.112 9) | 0.118 9** (2.028 9) | 0.143 0** (2.466 3) | -0.036 0 (-0.572 2) | 0.075 9 (1.287 7) | |
R2 | 0.583 5 | 0.600 8 | 0.611 9 | 0.603 1 | 0.608 6 | 0.681 2 |
simga2 | 0.005 7 | 0.005 6 | 0.005 4 | 0.005 6 | 0.005 5 | 0.005 5 |
Log-like | 719.003 3 | 723.213 2 | 732.014 0 | 724.756 0 | 730.177 7 | 732.168 8 |
表3 空间溢出效应检验结果统计
Tab.3 Statistics of spatial spillover effect test results
变量 | POLS(W1) | SPLM(W1) | SPDM(W1) | SPDM(W1) | SPDM(W2) | SPDM(W1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
index | 0.140 0*** (4.598 2) | 0.130 0*** (4.211 6) | 0.120 0*** (3.626 8) | 0.110 0*** (3.288 0) | 0.540 2* (0.222 4) | |
digitil | 0.1013* (0.874 2) | |||||
pgdp | 0.100 2*** (9.256 8) | 0.100 2*** (7.961 8) | 0.100 1*** (6.391 6) | 1.000 1*** (7.412 1) | 0.100 2*** (6.985 6) | 0.100 8*** (4.857 4) |
res | 0.000 2 *** (5.410 4) | 0.001 5*** (5.400 4) | 0.101 6*** (5.964 8) | 1.001 7*** (6.006 5) | 0.101 8*** (6.484 1) | 0.274 1*** (6.111 4) |
tir | 0.101 5*** (13.836 3) | 0.101 5*** (13.777 9) | 0.101 5*** (13.293 0) | 0.101 5*** (13.566 4) | 0.101 4*** (12.235 8) | 0.930 1*** (23.170 0) |
pol | 0.000 1** (1.8813 6) | 0.000 1** (2.098 6) | 0.000 1 (1.391 7) | 0.000 2 (1.862 4) | 0.000 2*** (1.435 1) | 0.000 2*** (1.685 0) |
hr | 0.001 2*** (10.006 4) | 0.000 8*** (10.502 6) | 0.000 7*** (11.3383) | 0.000 8*** (12.047 8) | 0.000 7*** (10.658 4) | 0.000 6*** (10.070 1) |
W*index | 0.110 1* (0.320 7) | 0.080 3* (0.557 7) | -0.139 3* (-0.101 5) | |||
W*digitil | 0.000 0* (0.056 4) | |||||
W*pgdp | 0.000 0** (0.084 6) | 0.000 0** (0.389 3) | 0.000 0* (1.778 3) | 0.000 2 (0.673 3) | ||
W*res | -0.017 6** (-2.841 5) | -0.017 7** (-2.811 8) | -0.001 2* (-1.994 0) | -1.103 6** (-2.369 9) | ||
W*tir | 0.000 3 (1.413 1) | 0.000 4 (1.454 1) | 0.000 1 (0.404 0) | 0.637 1**(2.697 2) | ||
W*pol | 0.000 0 (0.688 7) | 0.000 0 (0.119 2) | 0.000 0 (-0.038 6) | 0.000 0 (0.750 1) | ||
W*hr | -0.000 0 (-0.547 6) | -0.000 0 (-0.920 1) | -0.000 0** (-2.304 0) | -0.000 0 (-0.207 8) | ||
ρ | 1.289 8*** (3.112 9) | 0.118 9** (2.028 9) | 0.143 0** (2.466 3) | -0.036 0 (-0.572 2) | 0.075 9 (1.287 7) | |
R2 | 0.583 5 | 0.600 8 | 0.611 9 | 0.603 1 | 0.608 6 | 0.681 2 |
simga2 | 0.005 7 | 0.005 6 | 0.005 4 | 0.005 6 | 0.005 5 | 0.005 5 |
Log-like | 719.003 3 | 723.213 2 | 732.014 0 | 724.756 0 | 730.177 7 | 732.168 8 |
变量 | 直接效应 | 间接效应 | 总效应 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | t-stat | Coefficient | t-stat | Coefficient | t-stat | |
index | 0.120 0*** | 3.761 7 | 0.030 0* | 0.585 2 | 0.150 0*** | 2.635 6 |
Pgdp | 0.080 0*** | 6.357 6 | 0.071 0 | 0.531 1 | 0.120 0*** | 3.717 8 |
res | 0.001 6*** | 5.678 2 | -0.001 7** | -2.372 3 | -0.000 1* | -0.144 7 |
tir | 0.001 5*** | 12.942 0 | 0.000 6** | 2.215 6 | 0.002 1*** | 6.777 4 |
pol | 0.000 0*** | 1.488 4 | 0.000 0 | 0.828 8 | 0.000 0* | 1.906 2 |
hr | 0.000 0*** | 11.278 7 | 0.000 0 | 0.037 0 | 0.000 0*** | 3.967 1 |
表4 空间效应分解
Tab.4 Spatial effect decomposition
变量 | 直接效应 | 间接效应 | 总效应 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | t-stat | Coefficient | t-stat | Coefficient | t-stat | |
index | 0.120 0*** | 3.761 7 | 0.030 0* | 0.585 2 | 0.150 0*** | 2.635 6 |
Pgdp | 0.080 0*** | 6.357 6 | 0.071 0 | 0.531 1 | 0.120 0*** | 3.717 8 |
res | 0.001 6*** | 5.678 2 | -0.001 7** | -2.372 3 | -0.000 1* | -0.144 7 |
tir | 0.001 5*** | 12.942 0 | 0.000 6** | 2.215 6 | 0.002 1*** | 6.777 4 |
pol | 0.000 0*** | 1.488 4 | 0.000 0 | 0.828 8 | 0.000 0* | 1.906 2 |
hr | 0.000 0*** | 11.278 7 | 0.000 0 | 0.037 0 | 0.000 0*** | 3.967 1 |
指标 | 年份 | 负效应县区数 | 平均值 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 中位数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
index | 2014 | 13 | 0.000 6 | 0.001 7 | -0.000 6 | 0.000 4 |
2015 | 10 | 0.000 5 | 0.001 9 | -0.000 4 | 0.000 4 | |
2016 | 3 | 0.000 8 | 0.002 6 | -0.000 1 | 0.000 5 | |
2017 | 2 | 0.001 8 | 0.005 7 | -0.000 8 | 0.001 1 | |
2018 | 2 | 0.003 6 | 0.012 5 | -0.000 8 | 0.002 7 | |
2019 | 0 | 0.005 1 | 0.013 4 | 0.000 1 | 0.004 6 | |
2020 | 0 | 0.005 2 | 0.013 8 | 0.000 2 | 0.004 9 | |
年均值 | 0 | 0.002 5 | 0.007 4 | 0.000 0 | 0.002 1 | |
res | 2014 | 2 | 0.002 5 | 0.014 4 | -0.000 9 | 0.002 1 |
2015 | 8 | 0.002 2 | 0.008 9 | -0.001 6 | 0.001 9 | |
2016 | 6 | 0.002 9 | 0.013 1 | -0.001 7 | 0.002 0 | |
2017 | 16 | 0.003 0 | 0.014 0 | -0.002 4 | 0.002 0 | |
2018 | 12 | 0.001 8 | 0.006 0 | -0.001 5 | 0.001 6 | |
2019 | 0 | 0.001 8 | 0.005 4 | 0.001 6 | 0.001 5 | |
2020 | 0 | 0.002 1 | 0.006 7 | 0.000 2 | 0.001 7 | |
年均值 | 4 | 0.002 3 | 0.009 8 | -0.000 6 | 0.001 8 | |
tri | 2014 | 0 | 0.006 4 | 0.010 7 | 0.003 6 | 0.006 3 |
2015 | 0 | 0.006 4 | 0.011 8 | 0.002 7 | 0.005 9 | |
2016 | 0 | 0.006 6 | 0.016 5 | 0.001 7 | 0.005 1 | |
2017 | 0 | 0.007 2 | 0.021 2 | 0.000 9 | 0.005 4 | |
2018 | 0 | 0.005 3 | 0.017 2 | 0.000 7 | 0.005 0 | |
2019 | 1 | 0.003 2 | 0.007 6 | -0.002 8 | 0.002 2 | |
2020 | 1 | 0.002 7 | 0.008 9 | -0.000 3 | 0.002 3 | |
年均值 | 0 | 0.005 3 | 0.012 7 | 0.002 1 | 0.004 6 | |
残差平方和 | 2.241 7 | |||||
回归标准差 | 0.060 3 | |||||
AIC | -1 560.61 | |||||
R2 | 0.739 9 | |||||
调整后R2 | 0.738 6 | |||||
时空距离比 | 0.541 8 |
表5 GTWR系数统计
Tab.5 Statistics of GTWR coefficient
指标 | 年份 | 负效应县区数 | 平均值 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 中位数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
index | 2014 | 13 | 0.000 6 | 0.001 7 | -0.000 6 | 0.000 4 |
2015 | 10 | 0.000 5 | 0.001 9 | -0.000 4 | 0.000 4 | |
2016 | 3 | 0.000 8 | 0.002 6 | -0.000 1 | 0.000 5 | |
2017 | 2 | 0.001 8 | 0.005 7 | -0.000 8 | 0.001 1 | |
2018 | 2 | 0.003 6 | 0.012 5 | -0.000 8 | 0.002 7 | |
2019 | 0 | 0.005 1 | 0.013 4 | 0.000 1 | 0.004 6 | |
2020 | 0 | 0.005 2 | 0.013 8 | 0.000 2 | 0.004 9 | |
年均值 | 0 | 0.002 5 | 0.007 4 | 0.000 0 | 0.002 1 | |
res | 2014 | 2 | 0.002 5 | 0.014 4 | -0.000 9 | 0.002 1 |
2015 | 8 | 0.002 2 | 0.008 9 | -0.001 6 | 0.001 9 | |
2016 | 6 | 0.002 9 | 0.013 1 | -0.001 7 | 0.002 0 | |
2017 | 16 | 0.003 0 | 0.014 0 | -0.002 4 | 0.002 0 | |
2018 | 12 | 0.001 8 | 0.006 0 | -0.001 5 | 0.001 6 | |
2019 | 0 | 0.001 8 | 0.005 4 | 0.001 6 | 0.001 5 | |
2020 | 0 | 0.002 1 | 0.006 7 | 0.000 2 | 0.001 7 | |
年均值 | 4 | 0.002 3 | 0.009 8 | -0.000 6 | 0.001 8 | |
tri | 2014 | 0 | 0.006 4 | 0.010 7 | 0.003 6 | 0.006 3 |
2015 | 0 | 0.006 4 | 0.011 8 | 0.002 7 | 0.005 9 | |
2016 | 0 | 0.006 6 | 0.016 5 | 0.001 7 | 0.005 1 | |
2017 | 0 | 0.007 2 | 0.021 2 | 0.000 9 | 0.005 4 | |
2018 | 0 | 0.005 3 | 0.017 2 | 0.000 7 | 0.005 0 | |
2019 | 1 | 0.003 2 | 0.007 6 | -0.002 8 | 0.002 2 | |
2020 | 1 | 0.002 7 | 0.008 9 | -0.000 3 | 0.002 3 | |
年均值 | 0 | 0.005 3 | 0.012 7 | 0.002 1 | 0.004 6 | |
残差平方和 | 2.241 7 | |||||
回归标准差 | 0.060 3 | |||||
AIC | -1 560.61 | |||||
R2 | 0.739 9 | |||||
调整后R2 | 0.738 6 | |||||
时空距离比 | 0.541 8 |
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