Abstract: Through a point mutation analysis about the China's economic development since 1978 on the basis of the Mann-Kendall method. Combining traditional methods of mathematical statistics and spatial analysis model, in the support of some software such as ArcGIS, GeoDa, in provincial-level administrative unit, per capita GDP as measure indices to do a deeply study about our country’s economic development since the reform and opening period through the time, space, relevance, driving factors and other perspectives. The results showed that: the rapid development of Chinese economy showed a rapid development trend overall, regions of east, central and western which developed significantly different, but the overall difference gradually reduced; China's economy showing the spatial distribution of northeast - southwest pattern. Direction of the main axle performed a contraction trend, and direction of the auxiliary axle performed a fluctuate and expand pattern. The high level of economic development zones are increasing, and its lowest level area are declining, and eventually disappear, the economic of our country has been significantly improved; According to association analysis, the diffusion mainly concentrated in the eastern region, the collapse is mainly distributed in the central region, differences between East and West still exist; We can see China's economic development is primarily a consumption-based, investment, supplemented by "wheeled" gradually shifted from investment, exports, consumption driven coordination, the regional development have a coordinated momentum.