Abstract: China faces the most complex geopolitical environment, how to forecast the changing trends in geopolitical environment, service as China’s rising, which is an important issue to be answered urgently. However, geopolitical environment is uncertain, which is difficult to manage to use the simplified theories and quantitative methods. Under this background, this article attempts to introduce scenario analytical method to explain its applicability in geopolitical environment. Firstly, the article explains scenario analytical practiced functions in dealing with geopolitical environmental uncertainty and improving the disadvantages on forecast and explanation of the simplified theories. And then, the paper analyzes the driving factors of geopolitical environment change, namely under power shift, geopolitical actors take geopolitical imagination to make geopolitical practice so as to transform geopolitical status. Finally, using scenario analytical method analyzes China’s neighborhood geopolitical environment change. Potential emerged scenarios show as follows:1) four common scenarios, such as two superpowers competition and cooperation between China and U.S.A, five great powers game(China, America, Russia, Japan and India),some countries get double-interests between China and other great powers, Vietnam, Republic of the Philippines and North Korea flaunt their superiority.2) third emergency scenarios, namely territory disputes moves territory war, America and South Korea attach South Korea unclear test with military, Korean peninsula war triggers great powers conflict.3)building jointly“One Belt and One Road”to create“Community of Human Destiny”with Chinese neighboring countries.