Abstract: With the implementation of China's "going out" strategy, the cooperation between China and South America has developed rapidly. South America is located between the South Atlantic and South Pacific. It is rich in oil, grain and mineral resources, and is an important energy and grain production base in the world. In recent years, The United States, European Union, Russia, Japan and other great powers have been highly concerned about and involved in the South American region, which has made the geopolitical environment very complex. As China deepens its cooperation with this region, it also takes into account the pressures of competition and intervention by other powers. Based on the geopolitical relations reality in South American, this paper analyzes geo-influence of the great powers from the perspectives of geopolitics, geo-economy, geo-culture and geo-military respectively, which provides an analytical idea for the interpretation of the complex geo-environment in South America. It shows that the great powers exert different geo-influence in South America, which is manifested by the different means and the significant differences between different countries.