中国ICT对外贸易的时空格局及其演变特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.01.2021184

世界地理研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 29-40.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.01.2021184

中国ICT对外贸易的时空格局及其演变特征

李光勤¹(), 金玉萍¹, 郭细根²()

^1.安徽财经大学国际经济贸易学院，蚌埠 233030
^2.江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院，南昌 330045

收稿日期:2021-01-14 修回日期:2021-04-24 出版日期:2022-01-15 发布日期:2022-01-25
通讯作者: 郭细根
作者简介:李光勤（1979-），男，副教授，博士，硕士生导师，研究方向：贸易与环境，E-mail： liguangqin@163.com。
基金资助:
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(190188);安徽财经大学研究生科研创新基金项目(ACYC2020050)

The temporal and spatial pattern of China's ICT foreign trade and its evolution characteristics

Guangqin LI¹(), Yuping JIN¹, Xigen GUO²()

^1.School of International Trade & Economics, Anhui University of Finance & Economics, Bengbu 233030, China
^2.College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Received:2021-01-14 Revised:2021-04-24 Online:2022-01-15 Published:2022-01-25
Contact: Xigen GUO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，我国ICT产业频频出现了核心技术被西方国家“卡脖子”的现象，由此有必要对我国ICT产品对外贸易的时空格局和演变进行研究。选取联合国商品贸易数据库中2000—2018年的ICT产品贸易数据，从ICT总产品和分产品的进出口两个方面分析中国ICT产品国际贸易的空间格局及其演变特征。研究结果表明：①从时间格局看，我国ICT的进出口贸易均为快速发展，但出口贸易发展快于进口；进口结构中以电子元件为主，出口结构中逐渐以通信设备为主。②从空间格局看，中国ICT贸易伙伴逐年增加，进出口贸易主要集中在少数国家或地区，且近20年变化不大，ICT进口来源国（地区）更为集中，我国与20个贸易伙伴交往较为密切；与进口相比，我国ICT出口国（地区）较为分散，主要集中在30个国家或地区。基于研究结果，提出了促进我国ICT贸易以及数字经济贸易发展的对策建议。

关键词: ICT, 时间演变, 空间演变, 位序-规模分布, 对外贸易

Abstract:

In recent years, the core technology of Chinese mainland ICT industry has been jammed by western countries frequently, so it is necessary to study the temporal and spatial pattern and evolution of Chinese mainland ICT foreign trade. This paper selects the ICT trade data from 2000 to 2018 in the United Nations commodity trade database to analyze the spatial pattern and evolution characteristics of Chinese mainland international trade of ICT products from the import and export of ICT total products and sub products. The results show that: in terms of time structure, Chinese mainland ICT import and export trade is developing rapidly, but the export trade is developing faster than the import; the import structure is dominated by electronic components, and the export structure is gradually dominated by communication equipment. From the perspective of spatial pattern, Chinese mainland ICT trade partners are increasing year by year, the import and export trade is mainly concentrated in a few countries, and has little change in recent 20 years. The source countries of ICT imports are more concentrated, mainly concentrated in few countries of regions, and China has closer contacts with 20 trading partners. Compared with imports, Chinese mainland ICT exporting countries are more dispersed, mainly concentrated in 30 countries and regions. Based on the conclusion of this paper, we put forward some suggestions to promote the development of ICT trade and digital economy trade in Chinese mainland.

Key words: ICT, temporal evolution, spatial evolution, rank scale distribution, foreign trade

李光勤, 金玉萍, 郭细根. 中国ICT对外贸易的时空格局及其演变特征[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(1): 29-40.

Guangqin LI, Yuping JIN, Xigen GUO. The temporal and spatial pattern of China's ICT foreign trade and its evolution characteristics[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(1): 29-40.

图/表 8

图1 2000—2018年中国大陆与世界主要ICT贸易经济体的进出口总额对比图

Fig.1 Comparison of total import and export trade of ICT industry between Chinese mainland and major ICT trading economies in the world from 2000 to 2018

图2 2000—2018年中国大陆ICT产品的进出口额及在世界进出口总额中的占比变化

Fig.2 Total import and export trade volume of Chinese mainland ICT industry and its proportion to world trade volume from 2000 to 2018

图3 2000—2018年中国大陆ICT进口产品的结构变化趋势图

Fig.3 Structure change trend of Chinese mainland ICT import products， 2000-2018

图4 2000—2018年中国大陆ICT出口产品的结构变化趋势图

Fig.4 Structure change trend of Chinese mainland ICT export products， 2000-2018

图5 中国大陆ICT进口贸易的地理分布演变图注：该图基于国家测绘局地理信息局网站审图号为GS（2016）1663号的地图制作，底图无修改；图中仅显示进口额大于10亿美元以上的国家或地区。

Fig.5 Evolution map of Chinese mainland ICT import trade

图6 中国大陆ICT出口贸易的地理分布演变图注：该图基于国家测绘局地理信息局网站审图号为GS（2016）1663号的地图制作，底图无修改；图中仅显示出口额大于100亿美元以上的国家或地区。

Fig.6 Evolution map of Chinese mainland ICT export trade

图7 中国大陆ICT进口贸易位序-规模变化

Fig.7 Ranking-size change of Chinese mainland ICT import trade

图8 中国大陆ICT出口贸易位序-规模变化

Fig.8 Ranking-size change of Chinese mainland ICT export trade

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中国ICT对外贸易的时空格局及其演变特征

The temporal and spatial pattern of China's ICT foreign trade and its evolution characteristics

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