基于文化演出消费视角的中国城市网络空间结构与影响因素研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.06.2020646

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着文化创意产业在世界范围内的崛起，城市文化职能和全球文化城市成为城市网络研究的新兴视角。借助“大麦网”数据，基于空间分析和岭回归方法，揭示基于文化演出消费活动的中国城市网络空间结构与影响因素，对现有城市网络研究形成补充。研究表明：①文化巡回演出的城市网络呈现出中国城市网络中常见的“菱形结构”，但是向二、三线城市渗透的趋势较为明显，体现了不同级别城市本地文化生产能力的差异以及文化演出边际收益递增的特点；②中西部省会城市在城市网络中的影响力表现出明显的上升，而东部沿海地区核心城市的影响力则出现一定程度的下降，反映出中国不同地区演出市场发育程度以及区域中心城市在对外文化联系中地位的差异；③不同类型文化演出在空间分布和网络结构上同样存在较为明显的差异，反映出其市场结构和盈利模式的差异以及城市地方文化消费特征的影响；④文化教育发展水平、地方政府投入、城市总体经济发展和消费水平以及对外开放程度是影响中国文化演出消费城市网络空间格局的重要因素，反映出文化演出消费的独特性。

关键词: 城市网络, 文化演出, 文化消费, 空间结构, 影响因素

Abstract:

With the worldwide rise of cultural and creative industries, the cultural functions of cities and global cultural cities have become a new perspective in the research on urban networks. Drawing on the commercial performances data collected from the "DAMAI.NET" platform, this paper first presented a comprehensive analysis of the geographical pattern of cultural performances consumption in Chinese cities, the spatial structure of the urban network generated by touring performances, and the divergences between the urban networks created by different types of cultural performances. It further used the method of Ridge Regression to identify the major socio-economic factors that shape the geographical patterns of the urban networks created by cultural performances consumption activities. The outcomes reveal that: (1) Cultural performances consumption in China demonstrates both dispersive and concentrative patterns. Whereas the distribution of performances exhibits a wide geographical coverage, most of them are highly concentrated in a few top-tier cities, especially those in the eastern coastal area. (2) The urban network of touring performance displays a typical "diamond structure". However, there is an evident trend of penetration of touring performances towards the second- and third-tier cities, which reflect the divergences between different cities in their capability of local cultural production and the increasing marginal revenue of cultural performances. (3) The influence of the central and western provincial capitals in the touring-performance urban network has seen a significant increase, whereas the positions of the core cities in eastern coastal areas have to some extent declined, indicating the discrepant developmental status of performance market in different regions and the varying functions played by these cities in connecting their respective regions with the national cultural consumption market. (4) Different types of cultural performances also display rather disparate patterns of spatial distribution and urban network structure, which reflect their different market structures and profit models, as well as the impact of local urban cultural consumption characteristics. (5) The level of cultural and educational development, the investment of local government, the overall level of economic development and consumption, and the degree of openness are important factors that shape the pattern of the network of touring performances in China, which highlights the specialties of cultural performance consumption.

Key words: urban network, cultural performance, cultural consumption, spatial structure, impacting factor

谢明慧, 黄耿志, 张旭. 基于文化演出消费视角的中国城市网络空间结构与影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(6): 1332-1344.

Minghui XIE, Gengzhi HUANG, Xu ZHANG. Spatial structure and impacting factors of the urban networks in China based on the perspective of cultural performance consumption[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(6): 1332-1344.

图/表 9

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变量名称	测度指标	预期影响
经济发展水平	人均地区生产总值(X1)	+
经济发展水平	城镇居民人均可支配收入(X2)	+
消费水平和消费群体规模	社会消费品零售总额(X3)	+
消费水平和消费群体规模	常住人口(X4)	+
产业结构	第二产业占GDP比重(X5)	-
产业结构	第三产业占GDP比重(X6)	+
政府投入水平	地方一般公共预算支出(X7)	+
对外开放水平	当年实际使用外资金额(X8)	+
地方文化和教育发展水平	普通高等学校在校生数(X9)	+

变量名称	测度指标	预期影响
经济发展水平	人均地区生产总值(X1)	+
经济发展水平	城镇居民人均可支配收入(X2)	+
消费水平和消费群体规模	社会消费品零售总额(X3)	+
消费水平和消费群体规模	常住人口(X4)	+
产业结构	第二产业占GDP比重(X5)	-
产业结构	第三产业占GDP比重(X6)	+
政府投入水平	地方一般公共预算支出(X7)	+
对外开放水平	当年实际使用外资金额(X8)	+
地方文化和教育发展水平	普通高等学校在校生数(X9)	+

排序	城市	巡演数量	城市	度中心性	城市	中介中心性
1	上海	319	北京	1410	北京	361
2	北京	294	上海	1308	成都	349
3	深圳	191	深圳	1098	武汉	283
4	杭州	186	杭州	960	上海	250
5	广州	166	武汉	922	深圳	236
6	重庆	163	广州	915	沈阳	200
7	武汉	150	重庆	883	杭州	184
8	成都	145	成都	880	南京	182
9	苏州	138	南京	827	合肥	173
10	天津	129	苏州	793	贵阳	159

排序	城市	巡演数量	城市	度中心性	城市	中介中心性
1	上海	319	北京	1410	北京	361
2	北京	294	上海	1308	成都	349
3	深圳	191	深圳	1098	武汉	283
4	杭州	186	杭州	960	上海	250
5	广州	166	武汉	922	深圳	236
6	重庆	163	广州	915	沈阳	200
7	武汉	150	重庆	883	杭州	184
8	成都	145	成都	880	南京	182
9	苏州	138	南京	827	合肥	173
10	天津	129	苏州	793	贵阳	159

演出类型	全部演出场次	全部演出分布城市数量	HHI指数	巡回演出场次	巡回演出占比/%	巡回演出分布城市数量	网络联系总强度
音乐会	3090	95	512	1031	33.4	81	3081
儿童亲子	2588	113	565	871	33.7	91	3118
话剧歌剧	2407	91	662	940	39.1	71	3216
曲苑杂坛	1328	79	927	205	15.4	56	394
演唱会	1281	85	795	600	46.8	61	1389
舞蹈芭蕾	508	73	610	257	50.6	66	700