基于居民休闲出行的沈阳市公园绿地与居住地的匹配性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.06.2021460

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以沈阳市居民周末及节假日到公园绿地进行休闲活动的出行特征为基础，借助高斯两步移动搜索法、人均绿地区位熵、不一致指数分别测度居民到公园绿地的可达性、资源分配公平性以及与居住的空间匹配性，综合探讨公园绿地配置的合理性，有助于完善公园绿地功能、优化城市空间结构。研究表明：①沈阳市居民到公园绿地进行休闲活动的平均出行距离具有圈层递增的态势，居民到公园绿地多呈现就近出行的特征；②可达性高的公园绿地在三环内呈东西分布，可达性低的公园绿地分布在三环内南北方向以及环路周边，公园绿地存在供不应求的问题；③城市中部南北方向公园绿地的空间配置不公平，居住与公园绿地功能存在空间不匹配现象，中部居住地内可适当建设公园绿地，以保证居民的公园休闲活动需求。

关键词: 公园绿地, 休闲活动, 出行意愿, 可达性, 匹配性, 公平性

Abstract:

This study is based on the travel characteristics of Shenyang residents to park green areas for leisure activities on weekends and holidays, and measures the accessibility of residents to park green areas, the fairness of resource allocation and the spatial matching with residence with the help of Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method, per capita green area location entropy and inconsistency index, respectively, to comprehensively explore the rationality of park green area allocation, which helps to improve the function of park green areas and optimize the urban spatial structure. The results show that: (1) The average travel distance of residents in Shenyang to park green areas for leisure activities has a trend of increasing circles, and most residents travel to park green areas with the characteristics of proximity. The phenomenon of residents' long-distance cross regional leisure activities in the park is less. (2) The parks with high accessibility are located in the east-west direction of the third ring. The parks with low accessibility are located in the north-south direction of the third ring and around the ring road, which is in short supply. (3) The spatial allocation of park green space in the north-south direction in the central part of the city is unfair, and there is a spatial mismatch between residential and park green space functions. Park green space can be appropriately built within the residential function in the central part to ensure the residents' demand for park leisure activities.

Key words: park green space, leisure activities, willingness to travel, accessibility, matching, fairness

马丽亚, 修春亮. 基于居民休闲出行的沈阳市公园绿地与居住地的匹配性研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(6): 108-118.

Liya MA, Chunliang XIU. Research on the matching of park green space and residential function in Shenyang based on the perspective of residents' leisure travel[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(6): 108-118.

图/表 5

图1 研究区概况

Fig.1 Survey of the study area

图2 沈阳市居民公园休闲出行的距离（a）以及与休闲活动人数（b）的关系

Fig.2 The distance of leisure travel（a） in resident parks and its relationship with the number of leisure activities（b） in Shenyang

图3 沈阳市居民到公园绿地进行休闲活动的可达性特征

Fig.3 The accessibility characteristics of residents' leisure activities in park and green space in Shenyang

图4 沈阳市人均绿地区位熵的空间分布特征

Fig.4 The spatial distribution characteristics of the location entropy on green area per capita in Shenyang

表1 沈阳市居住与公园绿地活动的匹配特征

Tab.1 Matching characteristics of residential and park green space activities in Shenyang

类型	不一致指数	个数	匹配类型
居住与公园休闲	0.01~1.00	710	居住功能超前型
居住与公园休闲	1.01~70.28	774	公园功能超前型

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