海峡西岸城市群旅游经济网络演化的动力机制与因果组合配置

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.06.2020588

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以海峡西岸城市群为例，通过修正引力模型构建旅游经济网络，依托“增长极”理论，运用QAP和地理探测器分析方法，探讨旅游经济网络驱动因素，并运用fsQCA方法探讨其因果组合配置策略。结果如下：①海峡西岸城市群旅游经济网络空间结构呈东部沿海地区网络相对密集、中西部网络稀疏特征。②地区经济水平、对外开放程度是其核心驱动因素；各影响因子对促进旅游经济空间发展的影响强度均较高。③地理探测器分析结果显示，各影响因素在旅游经济网络系统中处相对优势地位，旅游经济空间发展核心驱动因素明显，其中，以地区GDP、对外开放程度最为突出，这也体现为旅游需求不断提升以及旅游供给向高质量方向发展的趋势。研究最终识别出两种因果组合配置方案。本研究有助于实现区域旅游经济空间发展优化及管理。

关键词: 海峡西岸城市群, 旅游经济, 空间网络, 动力机制, 因果组合配置

Abstract:

Taking the city groups on the West Coast of the Taiwan Straits as an example, the tourism economic network is constructed by gravity correction model. Based on the theory of "growth pole", the driving factors of tourism economic network are discussed by using QAP and geographical detector analysis methods, and the causal combination allocation strategy is discussed by using fsQCA method. The results show that: (1) the spatial structure of tourism economic network of city groups on the west coast of the Straits is characterized by relatively dense network in the eastern coastal areas and sparse network in the central and western regions. (2) The level of regional economy and the degree of opening to the outside world are the core driving factors, and each influencing factor has a high impact on promoting the spatial development of tourism economy. (3) The results of the overall level of geographical detector factor detection show that the detection force value q be situated between 0.506 And 0.926. Among them, each influencing factor is in a comparative advantage position in the tourism economic network system, and the core driving factors of tourism economic spatial development are obvious, among which, the regional GDP (q= 0.926)and open degree (q= 0.834)are the most outstanding factors, which is also reflected in the continuous improvement of tourism demand and the development trend of tourism supply in the direction of high quality. Finally, two causal combination configuration schemes are identified. Based on the perspective of network, this paper explores driving mechanism and theoretical system of regional tourism economy, helps to optimize and manage the spatial development of regional tourism economy.

Key words: city agglomeration of the West Coast of the Taiwan Straits, tourism economy, spatial network, dynamic mechanism, causal combination configuration

宋学通, 李勇泉, 阮文奇. 海峡西岸城市群旅游经济网络演化的动力机制与因果组合配置[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(6): 1321-1331.

Xuetong SONG, Yongquan LI, Wenqi RUAN. The mechanism and causal combination of the evolution of tourism economic network of urban agglomeration on the West Coast of the Taiwan Straits[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(6): 1321-1331.

图/表 4

参考文献 34

1	王倩倩, 杜德斌, 张杨, 等. 全球手机贸易网络演化特征研究. 世界地理研究, 2019, 28(2):170-178.
	WANG Q, DU D, ZHANG Y, et al. Research on evolution characteristics of global mobile phone trade network. World Regional Studies, 2019, 28(2):170-178.
2	ANYU L, WU D. Tourism productivity and economic growth. Annals of Tourism Research, 2019, 7(6):253-265.
3	AHLBORN M, SCHWEICKERT R. Economic systems in developing countries-A macro cluster approach.Economic Systems, 2019: 100692.
4	劳昕, 沈体雁, 杨洋, 等. 长江中游城市群经济联系测度研究——基于引力模型的社会网络分析. 城市发展研究, 2016, 23(7):91-98.
	LAO X, SHEN T, YANG Y, et al. Research on the measurement of economic connection of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River --A social network analysis based on Gravity Model. Urban Development Studies, 2016, 23(7):91-98.
5	王博, 吴清, 罗静. 武汉城市圈旅游经济网络结构及其演化. 经济地理, 2015, 35(5):192-197.
	WANG B, WU Q, LUO J. Structure and evolution of tourism economy network in Wuhan metropolitan area. Economic Geography, 2015, 35(5):192-197.
6	GORI L, PENNA S, PITANGUEIRA R. G-space theory and weakened-weak form for micropolar media: Application to smoothed point interpolation methods. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 2019, 10(1):318-329..
7	邹永广, 朱尧, 何月美. 海峡西岸经济区旅游经济空间结构与合作格局演进. 经济地理, 2018, 38(11):226-233.
	ZOU Y, ZHU Y, HE Y. Spatial structure and cooperation layout of tourism economy in the economic zone on the west coast of the Taiwan Straits . Economic Geography, 2018, 38(11):226-233.
8	杨丽花, 刘娜, 白翠玲. 京津冀雄旅游经济空间结构研究. 地理科学, 2018, 38(3):394-401.
	YANG L, LIU N, BAI C. The spatial structure of the tourism economy in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Xiongan Region. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(3):394-401.
9	李磊, 陆林, 穆成林, 等. 高铁网络化时代典型旅游城市旅游流空间结构演化——以黄山市为例. 经济地理, 2019, 39(5):207-216.
	LI L, LU L, MU C, et al. Spatial structure evolution of tourist flow in typical tourist cities in the period of high-speed rail networking:A case study of Huangshan City. Economic Geography, 2019, 39(5): 207-216.
10	倪维秋, 廖茂林. 高速铁路对中国省会城市旅游经济联系的空间影响. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2018, 28(3):160-168.
	NI W, LIAO M. Spatial influence of high-speed rails on the tourism economic connection of provincial cities in China. China Population,Resources and Environment, 2018, 28(3):160-168.
11	刘宏盈, 马耀峰. 入境旅游流空间转移与省域旅游经济联系强度耦合分析——以上海入境旅游流西向扩散为例. 资源科学, 2008(8):1162-1168.
	LIU H, MA Y. Coupling analysis of spatial transfer of inbound tourism flow and provincial tourism economic connection strength -- A case study of the Westward Diffusion of inbound tourism flow in Shanghai. Resources Science, 2008(8):1162-1168.
12	李勇泉, 阮文奇. 中国西部经济区旅游经济网络时空演化及影响因素——以"十二五"期间成渝经济区为例. 资源开发与市场, 2018, 34(5):698-702, 740.
	LI Y, RUAN W. Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of tourism economic network in Western China economic zone. Resource Development & Market, 2018, 34:698-702, 740.
13	朱冬芳, 陆林, 虞虎. 基于旅游经济网络视角的长江三角洲都市圈旅游地角色. 经济地理, 2012, 32(4):149-154.
	ZHU D, LU L, YU H. Analysis on the roles of tourism destinations in the Yangtze River Delta Metropolitan Area——Based on the perspective of tourism economy. Economic Geography, 2012, 32(4):149-154.
14	史庆斌, 谢永顺, 韩增林, 等. 东北城市间旅游经济联系的空间结构及发展模式. 经济地理, 2018, 38(11):211-219.
	SHI Q, XIE Y, HAN Z, et al. Spatial structure and spatial development patterns of urban tourism economic connections in Northeast China. Economic Geography, 2018, 38(11):211-219.
15	FANG Y, XU H, PERC M, et al. Dynamic evolution of economic networks under the influence of mergers and divestitures. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2019, 524:89-99.
16	桑曼乘, 覃成林. 国外区域经济研究的一个新趋势——区域经济网络研究. 人文地理, 2014, 29(3):28-34.
	SANG M, TAN C. A new trend of foreign regional economic research -- Regional economic network research. Human Geography, 2014, 29(3):28-34.
17	赵磊. 网络:旅游系统研究的新经济社会学转向. 旅游学刊, 2011, 26(2):20-27.
	ZHAO L. Network: the new economic sociology turn of tourism system research. Tourism Tribune, 2011, 26(2):20-27.
18	王俊, 夏杰长. 中国省域旅游经济空间网络结构及其影响因素研究——基于QAP方法的考察. 旅游学刊, 2018, 33(9):13-25.
	WANG J, XIA J. Network: The new economic sociology turn of tourism system research. Tourism Tribune, 2018, 33(9):13-25.
19	马丽君, 张家凤. 区域旅游发展空间差异变化对经济发展平衡性的影响. 经济地理, 2020, 40(1):197-203.
	MA L, ZHANG J. The impact of spatial differences in regional tourism development on the balance of economic development. Economic Geography, 2020, 40(1):197-203.
20	张凯, 杨效忠, 张文静. 跨界旅游区旅游经济联系度及其网络特征——以环太湖地区为例. 人文地理, 2013, 28(6):126-132.
	ZHANG K, YANG X, ZHANG W. Tourism economic connection degree and network characteristics of cross border tourism areas: A case study of Taihu Lake Region. Human Geography, 2013, 28(6):126-132.
21	楚义芳. 旅游的空间经济分析. 西安: 陕西人民出版社, 1992.
	CHU Y, Spatial Economic Analysis of Tourism: Xi'an: Shanxi People's Press, 1992.
22	张捷, 都金康, 周寅康, 等. 自然观光旅游地客源市场的空间结构研究——以九寨沟及比较风景区为例. 地理学报, 1999(4):3-5.
	ZHANG J, DU J, CHOU Y, et al. A study on the spatial structure of tourist market in natural tourist destinations -- A case study of Jiuzhaigou and comparative scenic spots. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1999(4):3-5.
23	侯赟慧, 刘志彪, 岳中刚. 长三角区域经济一体化进程的社会网络分析. 中国软科学, 2009(12):90-101.
	HOU Y, LIU Z, YUE Z. Social Network Analysis over the process of economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta. China Soft Science, 2009(12):90-101.
24	李国兵, 田亚平. 珠三角旅游资源竞争力与旅游业发展水平的效度分析. 经济地理, 2019, 39(3):218-224.
	LI G, TIAN Y. Validity analysis of tourism resources competitiveness and tourism development level in Pearl River Delta. Economic Geography, 2019(39): 218-224.
25	张红贤, 游细斌, 白伟杉, 等. 目的地旅游吸引力测算及相关因素分析. 经济地理, 2018, 38(7):199-208.
	ZHANG H, YOU X, BAI W, et al. Calculation of destination tourism attraction and analysis of related factors. Economic Geography, 2018, 38(7):199-208.
26	于洪雁, 李秋雨, 梅林, 等. 社会网络视角下黑龙江省城市旅游经济联系的空间结构和空间发展模式研究. 地理科学, 2015, 35(11):1429-1436.
	YU H, LI Q, MEI L, et al. Research on the spatial structure and spatial development model of urban tourism economic links in Heilongjiang Province from the perspective of social network Geographic Science, 2015, 35 (11): 1429-1436.
27	刘军. QAP:测量"关系"之间关系的一种方法. 社会, 2007(4):164-174.
	LIU J. QAP: A method to measure the relationship between relationships. Society, 2007(4):164-174
28	许冠南, 潘美娟, 周源. 基于QAP分析的国际知识流动影响要素研究——以光伏产业为例. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2016, 37(10):49-62.
	XU G, PAN M, ZHOU Y.Research on Influencing Factors of international knowledge flow based on QAP analysis -- Taking photovoltaic industry as an example. Science of Science and Management of S.&.T, 2016, 37(10): 49-62
29	王劲峰, 徐成东. 地理探测器:原理与展望. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1):116-134.
	WANG J, XU C. Geodetector: Principle and prospect. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1):116-134.
30	易明, 罗瑾琏, 王圣慧, 等. 时间压力会导致员工沉默吗——基于SEM与fsQCA的研究. 南开管理评论, 2018, 21(1):203-215.
	YI M, LUO J, WANG S, et al. Does time pressure influence employee silence? A study using SEM and fsQCA. Nankai Business Review, 2018, 21(1):203-215
31	郑蔚, 周法, 董双强. 城市经济网络研究的理论共识与观点探析. 城市规划, 2016, 40(11):87-93.
	ZHENG W, ZHOU F, DONG S. A study on a theoretical consensus and views on urban economic network research. City Planning Review.2016, 40(11):87-93.
32	SKADBERG Y, SKADBERG A, KIMMEL J. Flow experience and its impact on the effectiveness of a tourism website. Information Technology & Tourism, 2005 (7):147-156.
33	李航飞, 韦素琼, 陈松林. 海峡西岸经济区市域经济网络结构及成因分析. 经济地理, 2017, 37(7):63-70.
	LI H, WEI S, CHEN S. An analysis on the network structure and formation causes of regional economic connection in the west coast of Taiwan Straits Economic Zone. Economic Geography, 2017 (7):63-70.
34	刘杰. 增长极理论对菏泽区域经济发展的启示. 经济地理, 2010, 30(12):1961-1965.
	LIU J. The inspiration of Growth Pole Theory to regional economic development of Heze. Economic Geography, 2010, 30(12):1961-1965.

自变量	自变量解释	QAP相关分析
经济发展水平	地区GDP差值矩阵	0.257^***
人口因素	人口数量差值矩阵	0.308^***
旅游吸引力	旅游资源禀赋差值矩阵	0.300^***
旅游吸引力	产业结构差值矩阵	0.247^***
信息化程度	邮电业务量差值矩阵	0.132^***
交通便捷度	公路里程差值矩阵	0.460^***
对外开放程度	实际使用外资差值矩阵	0.168^***

自变量	自变量解释	QAP相关分析
经济发展水平	地区GDP差值矩阵	0.257^***
人口因素	人口数量差值矩阵	0.308^***
旅游吸引力	旅游资源禀赋差值矩阵	0.300^***
旅游吸引力	产业结构差值矩阵	0.247^***
信息化程度	邮电业务量差值矩阵	0.132^***
交通便捷度	公路里程差值矩阵	0.460^***
对外开放程度	实际使用外资差值矩阵	0.168^***

序号	探测指标	年份
序号	探测指标	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	总体
X1	地区GDP	0.954	0.951	0.567	0.959	0.953	0.942	0.906	0.887	0.961	0.854	0.926
X2	人口因素	0.598	0.570	0.520	0.470	0.498	0.456	0.525	0.563	0.564	0.517	0.528
X3	旅游资源禀赋	0.569	0.524	0.334	0.481	0.759	0.506	0.601	0.422	0.460	0.482	0.506
X4	信息化水平	0.413	0.325	0.372	0.590	0.594	0.300	0.548	0.754	0.897	0.648	0.531
X5	交通便捷度	0.558	0.558	0.505	0.629	0.653	0.682	0.726	0.757	0.709	0.583	0.637
X6	产业结构	0.523	0.727	0.681	0.742	0.951	0.755	0.480	0.733	0.673	0.760	0.699
X7	对外开放程度	0.858	0.837	0.882	0.804	0.872	0.803	0.889	0.870	0.745	0.657	0.834

序号	探测指标	年份
序号	探测指标	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	总体
X1	地区GDP	0.954	0.951	0.567	0.959	0.953	0.942	0.906	0.887	0.961	0.854	0.926
X2	人口因素	0.598	0.570	0.520	0.470	0.498	0.456	0.525	0.563	0.564	0.517	0.528
X3	旅游资源禀赋	0.569	0.524	0.334	0.481	0.759	0.506	0.601	0.422	0.460	0.482	0.506
X4	信息化水平	0.413	0.325	0.372	0.590	0.594	0.300	0.548	0.754	0.897	0.648	0.531
X5	交通便捷度	0.558	0.558	0.505	0.629	0.653	0.682	0.726	0.757	0.709	0.583	0.637
X6	产业结构	0.523	0.727	0.681	0.742	0.951	0.755	0.480	0.733	0.673	0.760	0.699
X7	对外开放程度	0.858	0.837	0.882	0.804	0.872	0.803	0.889	0.870	0.745	0.657	0.834

组合配置	旅游经济
组合配置	M1	M2
经济发展水平	●	●
人口因素	●	●
旅游资源禀赋	◎	●
产业结构	●	●
信息化程度	●	●
交通便捷度	●	●
对外开放程度	●	●
覆盖率	0.424	0.285
净覆盖率	0.147	0.007
一致性	0.767	0.738
总体覆盖率	0.431
总体一致性	0.652