国外环境绅士化研究进展与启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.04.2021059

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绅士化是近十年人文地理学和城乡规划学持续关注的热门话题。在传统绅士化的基础上，学者们陆续提出了新建绅士化、教育绅士化、乡村绅士化、旅游绅士化以及环境绅士化等概念。其中，环境绅士化在近年尤受关注。本文首先对国外环境绅士化现有文献进行梳理和分析，对环境绅士化的概念、产生背景与影响进行介绍，认为环境绅士化是由环境美化或环境清理等环境改善实践所推动的地方物理空间品质提升、社会经济文化升级、弱势群体或低收入阶层直接或间接失所的过程。然后，分别从传统绅士化、环境不正义以及可持续发展内在矛盾视角对环境绅士化的相关研究进行了梳理，并特别基于环境不正义视角，对国外环境绅士化现有应对策略进行总结。最后对现有国外环境绅士化的研究进行总结与评述，并呼吁我国学术界和实践界关注由于快速生态环境治理和绿化美化所引发的环境绅士化现象。

关键词: 绿色绅士化, 环境正义, 可持续发展, 政治生态学, 绿色基础设施

Abstract:

Gentrification has been a trending topic in human geography and urban planning over the past several decades. Based on classic gentrification, scholars have proposed new concepts, such as new-build gentrification, educational gentrification, rural gentrification, tourism gentrification, and environmental gentrification. Among these concepts, environmental gentrification has received particular attention in recent years. This paper introduced the concept, background, and impacts of environmental gentrification through a review of existing literature on environmental gentrification published in English journals. We argued that environmental gentrification is a process of physical improvement, social upgrading, and direct or indirect displacement of the disadvantaged or low-income classes, driven by environmental improvement practices such as environmental beautification or environmental rehabilitation. Three perspectives of environmental gentrification research have been identified: classic gentrification, environmental injustice, and the inherent contradictions in sustainable development. We summarized solutions to environmental gentrification in foreign countries from the perspective of environmental injustice. Lastly, we advocated that Chinese scholars should pay more attention to environmental gentrification in China, where urban ecological environment management and "greening and beautification" projects have become the new impetus of gentrification in the past decades.

Key words: environmental gentrification, environmental justice, sustainable development, political ecology, green infrastructure

楚晗, 谢涤湘, 常江. 国外环境绅士化研究进展与启示[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(4): 170-180.

Han CHU, Dixiang XIE, Jiang CHANG. Environmental gentrification research in foreign countries: Progress and implications[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(4): 170-180.

图/表 2

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概念	环境绅士化	生态绅士化	绿色绅士化
发文量	78篇	19篇	55篇
首次提出作者、年份及文献	Sieg H, et al. 2004. Estimating the general equilibrium benefits of large changes in spatially delineated public goods（估算空间划分的公共产品巨大变化的一般均衡效益）	Dooling S. 2009. Ecological gentrification: a research agenda exploring justice in the city（生态绅士化：探索城市正义的研究议程）	Gould, K A, et al. 2012. The environmental injustice of green gentrification: the case of Brooklyn’s Prospect Park（绿色绅士化的环境不公：布鲁克林展望公园的案例）
相对特有的研究对象	brownfields (toxic wreck)（棕地区）; “greening” process（“绿化”过程）	climate(flood)（气候）; “greening” process	urban agriculture（城市农业）; “greening” process
除主题关键词外的关键词汇 /频次	environmental justice(环境正义)/13; displacement(失所)/7；resilience(弹性)/4; urban greening(城市绿化)/6; urban green space(城市绿地)/6; climate change(气候变化)/5	climate change/3; housing(住房)/2; urban sustainability(城市可持续性)/2	environmental justice/8; urban greening/5; ecosystem services(生态系统服务)/4; urban green space/4

概念	环境绅士化	生态绅士化	绿色绅士化
发文量	78篇	19篇	55篇
首次提出作者、年份及文献	Sieg H, et al. 2004. Estimating the general equilibrium benefits of large changes in spatially delineated public goods（估算空间划分的公共产品巨大变化的一般均衡效益）	Dooling S. 2009. Ecological gentrification: a research agenda exploring justice in the city（生态绅士化：探索城市正义的研究议程）	Gould, K A, et al. 2012. The environmental injustice of green gentrification: the case of Brooklyn’s Prospect Park（绿色绅士化的环境不公：布鲁克林展望公园的案例）
相对特有的研究对象	brownfields (toxic wreck)（棕地区）; “greening” process（“绿化”过程）	climate(flood)（气候）; “greening” process	urban agriculture（城市农业）; “greening” process
除主题关键词外的关键词汇 /频次	environmental justice(环境正义)/13; displacement(失所)/7；resilience(弹性)/4; urban greening(城市绿化)/6; urban green space(城市绿地)/6; climate change(气候变化)/5	climate change/3; housing(住房)/2; urban sustainability(城市可持续性)/2	environmental justice/8; urban greening/5; ecosystem services(生态系统服务)/4; urban green space/4

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