长株潭都市圈建设用地增长格局及驱动因素研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.09.2021158

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采取扩张强度指数、等扇形法、空间自相关、PCA-STIRPAT模型、地理探测器等方法，定量揭示1990—2018年长株潭都市圈建设用地增长格局特征及时空驱动因子。结果表明：（1）长株潭都市圈建设用地1990—1999年间扩张缓慢，2000—2009年迅速扩张，2010—2018年缓速扩张。这三个阶段长株潭都市圈建设用地主要扩张方向不同，长沙都市区为东北-正东-西南，株洲都市区为西南-西南-正西，湘潭都市区为正南-东南-正北，可见受长株潭城市群一体化建设的影响，三市的扩张方向有向中心交汇地靠拢的趋势。（2）1990—2018年长株潭都市圈建设用地扩张整体呈集聚态势，长沙市望城区和长沙县是建设用地增长的热点区，株洲市渌口区与湘潭市湘潭县是建设用地增长的极冷点区。（3）建设用地扩张的时间演化驱动因子是地方财政支出、固定资产投资、公路客运量、总人口、职工数量和专利授权数。综合来看，社会经济投资、人口增长和科技进步是驱动建设用地扩张的重要动力，人口和GDP是建成空间扩张的主导空间驱动因子。

关键词: 建设用地, 增长格局, 驱动因子, 长株潭都市圈, PCA-STIRPAT模型, 地理探测器

Abstract:

This paper adopts the expansion intensity index, equal sector method, spatial autocorrelation, PCA-STIRPAT model, and geographic detectors to quantitatively reveal the characteristics and spatial-temporal driving factors of the construction land growth pattern in the CZT metropolitan area from 1990 to 2018. The results show that: (1) The construction land of CZT metropolitan area expanded slowly from 1990 to 2000, expanded rapidly from 2000 to 2010, and expanded slowly from 2010 to 2018. In the three stages, the main expansion directions of the construction land in the CZT metropolitan area are different. The direction of expansion of the Changsha metropolitan area changed from northeast to southwest, the expansion direction of Zhuzhou metropolitan area changed from southwest to west, and the expansion direction of Xiangtan metropolitan area changed from south to north. It can be seen that under the influence of the integrated construction of the CZT urban agglomeration, the expansion direction of the three cities tends to move closer to the central intersection. (2) From 1990 to 2018, the expansion of construction land in the CZT metropolitan area showed an overall trend of agglomeration. Wangcheng District and Changsha County of Changsha City were hot spots for construction land growth, while Lukou District of Zhuzhou City and Xiangtan County of Xiangtan City were extremely cold spots for construction land growth. (3) The dominant time driving factors for the expansion of construction land are local fiscal expenditure, fixed asset investment, highway passenger traffic, total population, number of employees, and number of patent authorizations. In a comprehensive view, socio-economic investment, population growth and technological progress are important driving forces for the expansion of construction land. Population and GDP are the dominant spatial driving factors for the expansion of built space.

Key words: construction land, growth pattern, driving factors, CZT metropolitan area, PCA-STIRPAT model, geographic detector

廖建军, 李欣, 王志远, 张考, 吕靖童. 长株潭都市圈建设用地增长格局及驱动因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(9): 133-145.

Jianjun LIAO, Xin LI, Zhiyuan WANG, Kao ZHANG, Jingtong LV. Research on the growth pattern and driving factors of construction land in CZT metropolitan area[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(9): 133-145.

图/表 9

图1 研究区示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the study area

表1 建设用地扩张的时间驱动因素

Tab.1 Time driving factors for construction land expansion

因素	建设用地扩张的时间驱动因素	编号
经济发展	GDP	X1
	地方财政收入	X2
	地方财政支出	X3
	二、三产业总产值	X4
	固定资产投资	X5
	工业总产值	X6
交通水平	公路通车里程	X7
交通水平	公路客运量	X8
人口	总人口	X9
劳动力	职工数量	X10
居民生活	职工人均收入水平	X11
居民生活	人均社会零售总额	X12
技术进步	专利授权数	X13

表2 建设用地扩张的空间驱动因素

Tab.2 Spatial driving factors for construction land expansion

因素	驱动因素	编号
经济	GDP	Z1
人口	人口	Z2
自然条件	高程	Z3
自然条件	坡度	Z4
地理区位	距水域距离	Z5
交通	距铁路距离	Z6
	距国道距离	Z7
	距高速路距离	Z8

图2 长株潭都市圈建设用地增长空间格局

Fig.2 Spatial pattern of construction land growth in CZT metropolitan area

表3 长株潭都市圈建设用地扩张统计表

Tab.3 Statistics on the expansion of construction land in CZT metropolitan area

指标	地区	1990—1999年	2000—2009年	2010—2018年
扩展面积/km²	长株潭都市圈	19.260 0	262.660 0	41.330 0
	长沙都市区	13.790 0	192.770 0	25.970 0
	株洲都市区	3.640 0	32.070 0	5.380 0
	湘潭都市区	1.840 0	38.100 0	9.990 0
增长速率 /％	长株潭都市圈	192.620 0	2 626.640 0	516.590 0
	长沙都市区	137.850 0	1 927.700 0	324.620 0
	株洲都市区	36.440 0	320.660 0	67.190 0
	湘潭都市区	18.380 0	380.970 0	124.920 0
增长强度	长株潭都市圈	0.010 0	0.124 5	0.010 9
	长沙都市区	0.013 9	0.170 3	0.010 6
	株洲都市区	0.007 1	0.058 7	0.007 7
	湘潭都市区	0.004 4	0.088 2	0.015 4

图3 长株潭都市圈建设用地扩张方向示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the expansion direction of construction land in CZT metropolitan area

图4 长株潭都市圈建设用地扩张方向雷达图

Fig.4 Radar map of the expansion direction of construction land in CZT metropolitan area

图5 长株潭都市圈建设用地扩张冷热点区分布

Fig.5 Distribution of cold and hot spots in the expansion of construction land in CZT metropolitan area

图6 长株潭都市圈建设用地扩张因子探测结果

Fig.6 Detected results of expansion factors of construction land in the CZT metropolitan area

参考文献 43

1	谈明洪,李秀彬,吕昌河.20世纪90年代中国大中城市建设用地扩张及其对耕地的占用.中国科学:地球科学,2004,34(12):1157-1165.
	TAN M, LI X, LV C. Expansion of construction land and its occupation of cultivated land in China's large and medium-sized cities in the 1990s. Scientia Sinica(Terrae), 2004, 34(12): 1157-1165.
2	王翠平,王豪伟,李春明,等.基于DMSP/OLS影像的我国主要城市群空间扩张特征分析.生态学报,2012,32(3):942-954.
	WANG C, WANG H, LI C, et al. Analysis of the spatial expansion characteristics of major urban agglomerations in China using DMSP/OLS images. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(3): 942-954.
3	张利,雷军,李雪梅,等.1997—2007年中国城市用地扩张特征及其影响因素分析.地理科学进展,2011,30(5):607-614.
	ZHANG L, LEI J, LI X, et al. The features and influencing factors of urban expansion in China during 1997-2007. Progress in Geography, 2011,30(5): 607-614.
4	蒋金亮,周亮,吴文佳,等.长江沿岸中心城市土地扩张时空演化特征——以宁汉渝3市为例.长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(9):1528-1536.
	JIANG J, ZHOU L, WU W, et al. A comparative study on spatiotemporal characteristics of urban expansion for the central cities along the Yangtze River--A case study of Nanjing, Wuhan and Chongqing. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2015, 24(9): 1528-1536.
5	曾永年,何丽丽,靳文凭,等.长株潭城市群核心区城镇景观空间扩张过程定量分析.地理科学,2012,32(5):544-549.
	ZENG Y, HE L, JIN W, et al. Quantitative analysis of the urban expansion models in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metroplan areas. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2012, 32(5): 544-549.
6	WAHYUDI A, LIU Y, CORCORAN J. Combining landsat and landscape metrics to analyse large-scale urban land cover change: A case study in the Jakarta metropolitan area. Journal of Spatial Science, 2019, 64(3): 515-534.
7	焦利民,唐欣,刘小平.城市群视角下空间联系与城市扩张的关联分析.地理科学进展,2016,35(10):1177-1185.
	JIAO L, TANG X, LIU X. Spatial linkage and urban expansion: An urban agglomeration perspective. Progress in Geography, 2016, 35(10): 1177-1185.
8	周艳,黄贤金,徐国良,等.长三角城市土地扩张与人口增长耦合态势及其驱动机制.地理研究,2016,35(2):313-324.
	ZHOU Y, HUANG X, XU G, et al. The coupling and driving forces between urban land expansion and population growth in Yangtze River Delta. Geographical Research, 2016, 35(2): 313-324.
9	张修芳,牛叔文,冯骁,等.天水城市扩张的时空特征及动因分析.地理研究,2013,32(12):2312-2323.
	ZHANG X, NIU S, FENG X, et al. Spatial-temporal characteristics and driving factors of urban land expansion of a valley city: A case study of Tianshui City in western China. Geographical Research, 2013, 32(12): 2312-2323.
10	吕蕾,周生路,任奎.城市边缘区建设用地扩张空间特征及影响因素定量研究——以南京市江宁区为例.地域研究与开发,2008(3):103-107.
	LV L, ZHOU S, REN K. Quantitative study on the spatial characteristics of construction land expansion and its influencing factors in urban fringe area--A case study of Jiangning District in Nanjing. Areal Research and Development, 2008(3): 103-107.
11	王海军,夏畅,张安琪,等.基于空间句法的扩张强度指数及其在城镇扩展分析中的应用.地理学报,2016,71(8):1302-1314.
	WANG H, XIA C, ZHANG A, et al. Space syntax expand intensity index and its applications to quantitative analysis of urban expansion. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(8): 1302-1314.
12	刘小平,黎夏,陈逸敏,等.景观扩张指数及其在城市扩展分析中的应用.地理学报,2009,64(12):1430-1438.
	LIU X, LI X, CHEN Y, et al. Landscape expansion index and its application to quantitative analysis of urban expansion. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(12): 1430-1438.
13	张金兰,欧阳婷萍,朱照宇,等.基于景观生态学的广州城镇建设用地扩张模式分析.生态环境学报,2010,19(2):410-414.
	ZHANG J, OUYANG T, ZHU Z, et al. Analysis on the expansion mode of Guangzhou's urban built-up land based on landscape ecology. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2010, 19(2): 410-414.
14	杨振山,蔡建明,文辉.郑州市2001—2007年城市扩张过程中城市用地景观特征分析.地理科学,2010,30(4):600-605.
	YANG Z, CAI J, WEN H. Urban expansion and landscape characteristics of land use in Zhengzhou City during 2001-2007. Geographical Sciences, 2010, 30(4): 600-605.
15	匡文慧,张树文,张养贞,等.1900年以来长春市土地利用空间扩张机理分析.地理学报,2005(5):841-850.
	KUANG W, ZHANG S, ZHANG Y, et al. Analysis of urban land utilization spatial expansion mechanism in Changchun City since 1900. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005(5): 841-850.
16	张新乐,张树文,李颖,等.近30年哈尔滨城市土地利用空间扩张及其驱动力分析.资源科学,2007(5):157-163.
	ZHANG X, ZHANG S, LI Y, et al. Spatial expansion of urban land use and its driving forces in Harbin City over the past 30 years. Resources Science, 2007(5): 157-163.
17	李明财,郭军,熊明明.基于遥感和GIS的天津建成区扩张特征及驱动力.生态学杂志,2011,30(7):1521-1528.
	LI M, GUO J, XIONG M. Expansion characteristics and its driving forces of built-up area in Tianjin based on remote sensing and GIS. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2011, 30(7): 1521-1528.
18	刘瑞,朱道林,朱战强,等.基于Logistic回归模型的德州市城市建设用地扩张驱动力分析.资源科学,2009,31(11):1919-1926.
	LIU R, ZHU D, ZHU Z, et al. Analysis of the driving forces of urban sprawl in Dezhou City based on a Logistic Regression model. Resources Science, 2009, 31(11): 1919-1926.
19	贾鹏,杨钢桥.城市用地扩张驱动力分析——以湖北省为例.水土保持研究,2006,13(2):182-185.
	JIA P, YANG G. An analysis of driving forces of urban land expansion--A case study of Hubei Province. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006, 13(2): 182-185.
20	谈明洪,李秀彬,吕昌河.我国城市用地扩张的驱动力分析.经济地理,2003,23(5):635-639.
	TAN M, LI X, LV C. An analysis of driving forces of urban land expansion in China. Economic Geography, 2003, 23(5): 635-639.
21	舒帮荣,李永乐,曲艺,等.不同职能城市建设用地扩张及其驱动力研究——基于中国137个地级以上城市的考察.南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2014,14(2):86-92.
	SHU B, LI Y, QU Y, et al. Urban land expansion and its driving forces in different functional cities: An empirical analysis based on 137 cities in China. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition), 2014, 14(2):86-92.
22	罗迎新.广东梅州地区建设用地变化及其驱动力研究.热带地理,2009,29(3):268-273.
	LUO Y. Changes and driving forces of construction lands in Meizhou City of Guangdong Province. Tropical Geography, 2009, 29(3): 268-273.
23	徐启恒,黄滢冰.珠三角典型地区城市扩张测度及驱动机制分析.测绘科学,2018,43(1):45-53.
	XU Q, HUANG Y. Measurement of urban expansion and analysis of driving mechanism in typical areas of the Pearl River Delta. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2018, 43(1): 45-53.
24	黄滢冰,南卓铜,徐启恒,等.珠三角典型地区耕地流失特征及机制分析——以1988年—2013年快速城市化的东莞市为例.世界地理研究,2017,26(5):44-55.
	HUANG Y, NAN Z, XU Q, et al. Analysis of urban expansion measurement and driving mechanism in typical region of Pearl River Delta. World Regional Studies, 2017, 26(5): 44-55.
25	邵明,董宇翔,林辰松.基于GWR模型的成渝城市群生态系统服务时空演变及驱动因素研究.北京林业大学学报,2020,42(11):118-129.
	SHAO M, DONG Y, LIN C. Spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of ecosystem services in Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration of southwestern China based on GWR Model. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(11): 118-129.
26	马歆,和舒敏,黄婷婷,等.城市用地扩张的时空格局特征及驱动因素分析——以中原城市群为例.生态经济,2020,36(3):105-111.
	MA X, HE S, HUANG T, et al. Analysis of spatial-temporal pattern characteristics and driving factors of urban land expansion: Taking Central Plains city cluster as an example. Ecological Economy, 2020, 36(3): 105-111.
27	石云峰,刘茂松,徐驰,等.南京城市边缘增长速率空间分异的驱动机制.生态学杂志,2013,32(3):741-747.
	SHI Y, LIU M, XU C, et al. Driving mechanisms of spatial differentiation in the growth rate of urban fringe area of Nanjing, East China. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2013, 32(3): 741-747.
28	郗凤明,贺红士,胡远满,等.辽宁中部城市群城市增长时空格局及其驱动力.应用生态学报,2010,21(3):707-713.
	XI F, HE H, HU Y, et al. Spatiotemporal pattern of urban growth and its driving forces in urban agglomeration of central Liaoning Province, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010, 21(3): 707-713.
29	冀青青,乔伟峰,卢诚,等.1980年以来南京市建设用地扩张阶段性特征.长江流域资源与环境,2018,27(9):1928-1936.
	JI Q, QIAO W, LU C, et al. Stage characteristics of construction land expansion in Nanjing since 1980. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2018, 27(9):1928-1936.
30	王雪微,王士君,宋飏,等.长春市城市建设用地演进的空间识别及影响机制研究.地理科学,2015,35(7):873-881.
	WANG X, WANG S, SONG S, et al. Space recognition and influence mechanism of urban construction land evolution of Changchun City. Geographical Sciences, 2015, 35(7): 873-881.
31	陈江龙,高金龙,徐梦月,等.南京大都市区建设用地扩张特征与机理.地理研究,2014,33(3):427-438.
	CHEN J, GAO J, XU M, et al. Characteristics and mechanism of construction land expansion in Nanjing metropolitan area. Geographical Research, 2014, 33(3): 427-438.
32	渠爱雪,卞正富.徐州城市建设用地空间格局特征及其演化.地理研究,2011,30(10):1783-1794.
	QU A, BIAN Z. Spatial pattern and evolution of urban construction land in Xuzhou. Geographical Research, 2011, 30(10): 1783-1794.
33	SONG M, WANG S, WU J, et al. A new space-time correlation coefficient and its comparison with Moran's Index on evaluation. Management Decision, 2011, 49(9): 1426-1443.
34	张宇硕,赵林,吴殿廷,等.京津冀都市圈建设用地格局与变化特征研究.世界地理研究,2018,27(1):60-71.
	ZHANG Y, ZHAO L, WU D, et al. Spatial patterns and spatio-temporal characteristics in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region from 2000 to 2010. World Regional Studies, 2018, 27(1): 60-71.
35	CARREAU J, GUINOT V. A PCA spatial pattern based Artificial Neural Network Downscaling model for urban flood hazard assessment. Advances in Water Resources,2021,147:103821.
36	刘士琪,陈英,谢保鹏,等.基于PCA-STIRPAT模型的绿洲区耕地变化社会经济驱动力研究——以酒泉市为例.中国农业资源与区划,2019,40(12):133-140.
	LIU S, CHEN Y, XIE B, et al. Analysis driving force for changes in area of cultivated land of Jiuquan City based on PCA-STIRPAT Model. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2019, 40(12): 133-140.
37	YORK R, ROSA E A, STIRPAT DIETZ T., IPAT and ImPACT : Analytic tools for unpacking the driving forces of environmental impacts. Ecological Economics,2003,46(3): 351-365.
38	尹上岗,李在军,宋伟轩,等.基于地理探测器的南京市住宅租金空间分异格局及驱动因素研究.地球信息科学学报,2018,20(8):1139-1149.
	YIN S, LI Z, SONG W, et al. Spatial differentiation and influence factors of residential rent in Nanjing based on geographical detector. Journal of Geo-Information Science, 2018, 20(8): 1139-1149.
39	王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望.地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.
	WANG J, XU C. Geodetector: Principles and prospects. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1): 116-134.
40	刘彦随,李进涛.中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策.地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.
	LIU Y, LI J. Geographic detection and optimizing decision of the differentiation mechanism of rural poverty in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1):161-173.
41	WANG J, ZHANG T, FU B. A measure of spatial stratified heterogeneity. Ecological Indicators,2016,67: 250-256.
42	WANG J, LI X, CHRISTAKOS G, et al. Geographical detectors-based health risk assessment and its application in the neural tube defects study of the Heshun Region, China. International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2010,24(1): 107-127.
43	FJELLSTAD W, DRAMSTAD W, STRAND G, et al. Heterogeneity as a measure of spatial pattern for monitoring agricultural landscapes. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift-norwegian Journal of Geography, 2001,55(2): 71-76.

[1]	刘涵妮, 夏赞才, 殷章馨, 申慧敏, 刘婷, 张慧. 全球旅游贸易时空格局及影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(4): 14-27.
[2]	银松, 李瑞, 殷红梅. 旅游发展背景下民族村寨居民地方性感知测度及影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(3): 144-156.
[3]	陈鹏鑫, 曾刚, 胡浩, 何金廖, 葛世帅. 国家高新区研发人员集聚的空间特征与影响因子探究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(1): 80-91.
[4]	陈昕, 谢玲, 刘素红, 贾艳红, 肖小慧, 梁瑜. 广西手足口病时空分异及其地理环境因子探测分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(5): 1108-1118.
[5]	李云涛, 陶犁. 基于地理探测器的云南省边境州市旅游发展水平空间分异及影响因素分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(3): 624-636.
[6]	刘欢, 孟德友. 高铁背景下省会城市交通优势度空间分异及影响因素[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(1): 107-119.
[7]	李衡, 韩燕. 黄河流域PM_2.5时空演变特征及其影响因素分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(1): 130-141.
[8]	张婷婷, 陈瑛, 王孟林. 基于航空联系的中国城市网络格局演变分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(1): 166-176.
[9]	鄢继尧, 赵媛, 崔盼盼, 郭叙淇. 中国赴俄旅游网络关注度时空差异及成因分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(6): 1175-1186.
[10]	杨阳, 唐晓岚, 贾艳艳, 詹巧巧. 长江流域人口-土地-经济城镇化的时空耦合协调性与驱动因子分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(5): 978-990.
[11]	周克昊, 谭荣辉. 东中部地区城市人口、经济与城市建设用地的非均衡与协调性分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(1): 90-100.
[12]	孟颖, 曹月娥. 新疆农村贫困化空间分布及影响因素探究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(3): 650-658.
[13]	郭向阳, 穆学青, 明庆忠. 边疆省域旅游效率空间分异及驱动因素[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(2): 416-427.
[14]	韩媛媛, 皮荷杰, 时泽楠, 吕儒云, 廖剑宇. 京津冀地区工业CO₂排放测度及其影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(1): 140-147.
[15]	陆保一, 刘萌萌, 明庆忠, 刘安乐, 李婷. 中国旅游业与交通运输业的耦合协调态势及其动力机制[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(1): 148-158.