主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

世界地理研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 1-14.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.02.20220415

• 世界政治与经济 •    

全球新能源汽车贸易网络动态演化特征及影响因素研究

齐玮(), 李启昊   

  1. 华北电力大学经济管理系,保定 071000
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-08 修回日期:2022-11-25 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-02-29
  • 作者简介:齐玮(1978—),女,副教授,博士,研究方向为国际贸易与国际投资,E-mail: weiruojia@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省社会科学基金项目(HB19YJ011)

Dynamic evolution characteristics and influencing factors of global new energy vehicle trade network

Wei QI(), Qihao LI   

  1. Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China
  • Received:2022-06-08 Revised:2022-11-25 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-29

摘要:

我国新能源汽车的国际化关乎汽车工业的持续发展,因此整体把握新能源汽车国际贸易结构及演化趋势十分必要。基于社会网络分析法,以2017—2020年全球新能源汽车贸易数据为样本,研究贸易网络的动态演化特征,并运用QAP方法分析影响贸易网络的因素。研究发现:(1)全球新能源汽车贸易网络密度和互惠度较低,关联度大;(2)核心度、中心性高且内外贸易均活跃的国家高度重合,形成了以美、德、比利时、日、韩等国为中心的北美、欧洲、东亚三块核心区域且区域协同发展效果显著;(3)经济差异有助于贸易关系的建立但作用渐弱,产业链互补有助于贸易强度提升,协调政策和形成共识较关税优惠对贸易的作用更显著,地理距离阻碍贸易且作用稳定。疫情加速了原本的趋势并显著提升了陆地邻接这一因素的影响。因此我国政府应加强区域合作,加大产业链及基础设施投资建设力度,注意风险防范,重视政策导向。

关键词: 新能源汽车贸易, 国际贸易网络, 复杂网络, 社会网络理论, QAP方法

Abstract:

The internationalization of China's new energy vehicles is related to the sustainable development of the automobile industry, so it is necessary to grasp the international trade structure of new energy vehicles. Based on the social network analysis method, the global new energy vehicle trade data from 2017 to 2020 were selected as samples to study the structural characteristics of the trade network and analyze the influencing factors of trade network with the Quadratic Assignment Procedure (QAP) method. The study shows that: (1)The global new energy vehicle trade network has low density and reciprocity & high correlation; (2)There is a high overlap of countries with high centrality, high core degree and active both internal and external trade in the network,and three core regions - Europe, North America and East Asia based on the United States, Germany, Belgium, Japan and South Korea - have been formed with significant regional synergies; (3) Economic differences contribute to the establishment of trade relations but play a weakening role, industry chain complementarity contributes to trade intensity, harmonization of policies and consensus building have a more significant effect on trade than tariff preferences, and geographical distance hinders trade establishment and plays a stable role. The COVID-19 has accelerated the above trends and significantly increased the impact of the factor of land proximity. Therefore, the Chinese government should strengthen regional cooperation, increase infrastructure investment, and apply policies flexibly to avoid over-reliance on subsidies.

Key words: new energy vehicle trade, international trade network, complex networks, social network theory, QAP method