基于POI数据的郑州市主城区生活服务业空间分布特征研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.02.2020379

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国经济已经进入服务经济时代，生活服务业是服务经济的重要组成部分，也是国民经济的基础性产业。生活服务业的合理布局可以改善人居生活质量，提升资源利用效率。以郑州市主城区六类生活服务类兴趣点数据为基础，综合运用核密度分析、叠置分析、标准差椭圆分析及空间相关性分析等空间分析方法，对郑州市生活服务业空间分布格局特征进行研究。结果发现：（1）餐饮、住宿、购物、医疗、教育培训、运动健身等六类生活服务业的布局在主城区中心五区交界处都出现了连片但不连续的峰值，呈“中心混合集中，边缘分类扩散”的布局模式，且各服务业分布密度较高的地域在空间上有明显的重合性；（2）各类生活服务业之间在空间分布上存在较强相关性，其中餐饮业与其他各类服务业相关性相对较高，而住宿业与其他服务业之间的相关性相对较低；（3）各类生活服务业空间分布中心位置十分接近，均位于二七区与金水区交界处的中心点附近，且各类服务业在空间分布上的方向基本一致，呈西北-东南走向，医疗和教育培训行业的分布范围较为集中，餐饮业和购物行业的分布和服务范围最广；（4）郑州市主城区人口密度分布与生活服务业分布存在不匹配现象，而经济密度高的区域范围与各类生活服务业设施高密度区域基本重合。

关键词: 生活服务业, POI, 空间分布, 郑州

Abstract:

China's economy has entered the era of service economy. Life service industry is an important part of service economy, and also a basic industry of national economy. The reasonable layout of life service industry can improve the quality of life and the efficiency of resource utilization. Based on six kinds of POI data of life service industry, this paper studies the spatial distribution characteristics of life service industry in the main urban area of Zhengzhou City by using kernal density analysis, overlay analysis, standard deviation ellipse analysis and spatial correlation analysis. The results show that: (1)The layout of the six types of life service industries such as catering, accommodation, shopping, medical care, education, sports fitness has shown discontinuous peaks at the junction of five districts in the center of the main urban area, and "central mixed concentration, peripheral unequal diffusion" characteristics. The regions with high distribution density of service industry have obvious coincidence in space; (2)There is a strong correlation between the spatial distribution of all kinds of life service industries, among which the catering industry has the highest correlation with other kinds of service industries. While the hotel service industry has a relatively low correlation with other service industries. (3)The spatial distribution center of all kinds of life service industry is very close, which is located near the center point at the junction of Erqi District and Jinshui District, and the direction of spatial distribution of all kinds of service industry is basically the same, with northwest to southeast trend. The distribution range of medical treatment and education industry is relatively concentrated, and the distribution and service range of catering industry and shopping industry are the widest. (4)There is a mismatch between the distribution of population density and the distribution of life service industry in the main urban area of Zhengzhou, while the area with high economic density basically coincides with the area with high density of all kinds of life service industries.

Key words: life service industry, POI, spatial distribution, Zhengzhou

张家旗, 刘晏男, 宋斌玢. 基于POI数据的郑州市主城区生活服务业空间分布特征研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(2): 399-409.

Jiaqi ZHANG, Yannan LIU, Binbin SONG. Study on the spatial distribution characteristics of life service industry in the main urban area of Zhengzhou city based on POI data[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(2): 399-409.

图/表 8

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I类	II类
餐饮	中餐厅、外国餐厅、小吃快餐店、咖啡厅、茶座、酒吧等
住宿	星级酒店、快捷酒店、公寓式酒店
购物	购物中心、超市、便利店、家居建材、家电数码、商铺、集市等
医疗	综合医院、专科医院、诊所、卫生站、体检机构、疗养院、急救中心等
教育培训	高等院校、幼儿园、小学、中学、成人教育、亲子教育等
运动健身	体育场馆、健身中心等

I类	II类
餐饮	中餐厅、外国餐厅、小吃快餐店、咖啡厅、茶座、酒吧等
住宿	星级酒店、快捷酒店、公寓式酒店
购物	购物中心、超市、便利店、家居建材、家电数码、商铺、集市等
医疗	综合医院、专科医院、诊所、卫生站、体检机构、疗养院、急救中心等
教育培训	高等院校、幼儿园、小学、中学、成人教育、亲子教育等
运动健身	体育场馆、健身中心等

服务业	餐饮	住宿	购物	医疗	教育培训	运动健身
餐饮	1	0.788	0.855	0.874	0.769	0.877
住宿	0.788	1	0.634	0.746	0.651	0.768
购物	0.855	0.634	1	0.716	0.614	0.709
医疗	0.874	0.746	0.716	1	0.822	0.879
教育培训	0.769	0.651	0.614	0.822	1	0.85
运动健身	0.877	0.768	0.709	0.879	0.85	1

服务业	餐饮	住宿	购物	医疗	教育培训	运动健身
餐饮	1	0.788	0.855	0.874	0.769	0.877
住宿	0.788	1	0.634	0.746	0.651	0.768
购物	0.855	0.634	1	0.716	0.614	0.709
医疗	0.874	0.746	0.716	1	0.822	0.879
教育培训	0.769	0.651	0.614	0.822	1	0.85
运动健身	0.877	0.768	0.709	0.879	0.85	1

服务业类型	中心坐标	长半轴/千米	短半轴/千米	方位角/度	面积/平方千米	扁率
餐饮	113°38′47″，34°45′47″	8.59	6.78	115.54	183.11	0.21
住宿	113°39′12″，34°45′33″	8.00	6.44	108.93	161.84	0.20
购物	113°38′49″，34°45′30″	8.87	7.55	127.77	210.18	0.15
医疗	113°38′34″，34°45′29″	7.12	6.06	114.96	135.52	0.15
教育培训	113°38′34″，34°45′51″	7.16	6.37	110.49	143.14	0.11
运动健身	113°38′53″，34°45′40″	7.65	6.40	110.96	153.86	0.16