海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用效益评价及其耦合协调关系研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2021.03.2019520

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土地的高效利用和配置优化是城市化进程的现实需求，探究如何提高土地利用综合效益，从而实现对地区土地利用可持发展具有重要意义。从经济、社会、生态环境效益三个子系统构建土地利用效益评价指标体系，利用熵值法探究海峡西岸城市群2008—2017年的土地利用效益及其时空演化过程和耦合协调关系，进一步识别限制各城市耦合协调关系提升的主要因素。结果表明：（1）海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用综合效益存在持续上升的时序特征，空间上表现为“东高西低”，高效益单元主要分布于沿海门户城市及中心城市，且趋于聚集，低值单元主要长期分布于内陆城市和南部沿海城市，且范围不断缩减。（2）城市土地利用经济效益在时序上表现出持续上升的特征，空间上表现为“中高西低”，西部低值区范围明显变小；社会效益小幅增长，中东部形成“环状”中效益区；生态效益整体较低，中部低效益区范围扩张显著。（3）各城市土地利用“经济-社会-生态环境”效益耦合协调度呈不同程度增长趋势，近年以协调发展为主，耦合协调程度表现出由沿海向内陆城市递减的空间异质性，土地利用耦合协调发展主要受复合因素制约。

关键词: 土地利用效益, 时空演化, 耦合协调关系, 限制因素, 海峡西岸城市群

Abstract:

It is of great significance to explore how to improve the comprehensive benefits of land use so as to realize sustainable development of regional land use. In this paper, a land use benefit evaluation index system is constructed from three subsystems of economic, social and ecological environmental benefits. The entropy method is used to explore the land use benefits of urban agglomeration on the west coast of the strait from 2008 to 2017, as well as its spatio-temporal evolution process and coupling and coordination relationship, so as to further identify the main factors that limit the improvement of coupling and coordination relationship among cities. Results show that, in the west coast urban agglomeration, high benefit units of comprehensive benefit of land use are mainly located in the center of the coastal gateway cities and city, and tend to be gathered, low units mainly gathered in the inland city and the southern coastal cities, and over the studying period, the number of low units had been shrinking. The economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefit of urban land use showed continuous rise over time. The spatial patterns of the benefits were "high in the middle, and low in the west".The coupling and coordination degree of "economic-social-ecological environment" benefits of land use showed a trend of different degrees of growth. In recent years, the coupling and coordination degree had been increased, but the spatial heterogeneity of decreasing had shifted from coastal cities to inland cities, and the coupling and coordination development of land use is mainly restricted by complex factors.

Key words: land use efficiency, spatio-temporal evolution, coupling coordination relation, limiting factors, city cluster on the west coast of Taiwan Strait

廖佶慧, 彭贤伟, 王权, 简萍, 吴清婷. 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用效益评价及其耦合协调关系研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(3): 556-566.

Jihui LIAO, Xianwei PENG, Quan WANG, Ping JIAN, Qingting WU. Study on the coupling and coordination relationship of urban land use benefit in urban agglomeration on the west coast of Taiwan Strait[J]. World Regional Studies, 2021, 30(3): 556-566.

图/表 10

图1 海峡西岸城市群区位图示

Fig.1 Location map of city clusters on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait

表1 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用综合效益评价指标体系

Tab.1 Evaluation index system of comprehensive land use benefits of urban agglomeration on the west coast of Taiwan Strait

系统层	子系统层	指标层	单位	属性	权重
城市土地综合利用效益	经济效益	城镇地均国内生产总值	万元/hm²	＋	0.14951
		单位建设用地面积财政收入	万元/hm²	＋	0.25332
		单位建设用地第二产业生产总值	万元/hm²	＋	0.14642
		单位建设用地第三产业生产总值	万元/hm²	＋	0.14410
		人均社会消费品零售额	元	＋	0.11652
		单位建设用地固定资产投资	万/hm²	＋	0.19013
	社会效益	人均居住面积	m²/人	＋	0.39792
		人均建设用地面积	m²/人	－	0.02081
		人均可支配收入	元/人	＋	0.21999
		在岗职工平均工资	元/人	＋	0.20662
		单位建设用地面积人口密度	人/hm²	－	0.02568
		人均道路面积	m²/人	＋	0.12898
	生态环境效益	建成区绿化率	%	＋	0.11759
		单位面积建设用地工业废水排放量	t/hm²	－	0.06713
		单位面积建设用地工业烟尘排放量	m³/hm²	－	0.15755
		污水处理率	%	＋	0.30206
		人均公园绿地面积	m²/人	＋	0.35568

表2 耦合协调程度划分等级

Tab.2 Classification of coupling coordination degree

取值范围	耦合协调程度	取值范围	耦合协调程度	取值范围	耦合协调程度
0.00＜D≤0.10	极度失调	0.40＜D≤0.50	濒临失调	0.70＜D≤0.80	中级协调
0.10＜D≤0.20	严重失调	0.50＜D≤0.60	勉强协调	0.80＜D≤0.90	良好协调
0.20＜D≤0.30	中度失调	0.60＜D≤0.70	初级协调	0.90＜D≤1.00	优质协调
0.30＜D≤0.40	轻度失调

图2 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用综合效益空间格局演变

Fig.2 Evolution of comprehensive benefits of land use in urban agglomeration on the west coast of Taiwan Strait

图3 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用经济效益空间格局演变

Fig.3 Evolution of urban land use economic benefits in urban agglomeration on the west coast of Taiwan Strait

图4 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用社会效益空间格局演变

Fig.4 Evolution of social benefits of urban land use in urban agglomeration on the west coast of Taiwan Strait

图5 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用生态环境效益空间格局演变

Fig.5 Evolution of spatial pattern of urban land use ecological environmental benefits in urban agglomeration on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait

图6 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用“经济-社会-生态环境”效益耦合协调关系空间格局演变

Fig.6 Evolution of spatial pattern of coupling and coordination of benefits of "economic, social and ecological environment" in urban land use in urban agglomeration on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait

图7 海峡西岸城市群土地利用“经济-社会-生态环境”效益耦合协调度变化

Fig.7 Change of coupling and coordination degree of "economic-social-ecological environment" benefits of urban land use in urban agglomeration on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait

表3 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用“经济-社会-生态”效益耦合协调关系限制性因素类型划分

Tab.3 Classification of restrictive factors in the coupling and coordination relationship of "economic- social- ecological" benefits of urban land use in urban agglomeration on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait

类型划分	影响因素	分类依据	2016年包含的城市
单一因素影响型	经济效益滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 > u ¯ 2, u 3 > u ¯ 3$	厦门市、泉州市
	社会效益滞后	$u 1 > u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯, 2 u 3 > u ¯ 3$	漳州市
	生态环境效益滞后	$u 1 > u ¯ 1, u 2 > u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	福州市、温州市
复合因素影响型	经济社会效益滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯ 2, u 3 > u ¯ 3$	抚州市、梅州市、鹰潭市、汕头市
	经济生态效益滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 > u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	衢州市、丽水市
	社会生态效益滞后	$u > 1 u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	龙岩市、三明市、南平市、宁德市
	全面滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	上饶市、潮州市、揭阳市、赣州市

表3 海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用“经济-社会-生态”效益耦合协调关系限制性因素类型划分

类型划分	影响因素	分类依据	2016年包含的城市
单一因素影响型	经济效益滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 > u ¯ 2, u 3 > u ¯ 3$	厦门市、泉州市
	社会效益滞后	$u 1 > u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯, 2 u 3 > u ¯ 3$	漳州市
	生态环境效益滞后	$u 1 > u ¯ 1, u 2 > u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	福州市、温州市
复合因素影响型	经济社会效益滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯ 2, u 3 > u ¯ 3$	抚州市、梅州市、鹰潭市、汕头市
	经济生态效益滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 > u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	衢州市、丽水市
	社会生态效益滞后	$u > 1 u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	龙岩市、三明市、南平市、宁德市
	全面滞后	$u 1 < u ¯ 1, u 2 < u ¯ 2, u 3 < u ¯ 3$	上饶市、潮州市、揭阳市、赣州市

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