Research on the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of urban network structure in Shandong Province based on the connection of listed enterprises

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.04.20222028

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the data of headquarters and branches of listed enterprises from 2010 to 2020, this paper establishes the related network in Shandong Province, and adopts the social network analysis method to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and the main influencing factors from both internal and external perspectives. The results show that: (1) The internal association network presents the structural characteristics of polycentric and networked development, which has evolved from the single center structure with Jinan as the core to the double core structure of Jinan and Qingdao. In addition, the importance of Yantai begins to appear as the third pole, but the network location of marginal cities presents "Matthew effect". (2) The external connection network shows that Shandong Province has established long-distance and large-scale jumping links across regions. Shandong Province has relatively strong cohesion to the three major urban agglomerations of Beijing Tianjin Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, but relatively strong radiation to the urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin. The urban connection network has formed a dual core development model of Qingdao and Jinan. The external connection ability of Yantai has been significantly improved, and its importance has begun to become prominent. (3) Economic level, innovation ability, administrative relationship and geographical proximity have a significant impact on the formation of the current inter-city and inter-city association network structure, but the administrative relationship is the main influence in the province, and transportation has become the key to the evolution of the inter provincial urban network structure.

Key words: urban network, enterprise association, QAP Model, Shandong Province, listed enterprises

摘要：

基于2010—2020年上市企业总部分支机构数据，运用社会网络分析方法，从省内和省外两个维度构建了山东省城市关联网络，分析了其时空演变特征和影响因素。结果表明：（1）内部关联网络呈现出多中心化、网络化发展的结构特征，由以济南为核心的单中心结构演变为济南、青岛双核心的格局，烟台作为第三极的重要性开始显现，但边缘城市网络地位呈现“马太效应”。（2）外部关联网络显示山东省已经跨区域建立起远距离、大规模的跳跃式联系。其中，山东省对京津冀、长三角及珠三角等三大城市群的集聚力相对较强，但对黄河流域城市群的辐射力相对较强。城市关联网络形成了青岛和济南双核心的发展模式，烟台的外部关联能力明显提升，其重要性开始凸显。（3）经济水平、创新能力、行政关系及地理邻近对当前城市间内外关联网络结构的形成均具有显著的影响，但省内以行政关系影响为主，交通则成为省外城市网络结构演变的关键。

关键词: 城市网络, 企业关联, QAP模型, 山东省, 上市企业

Qingchun LIU, Wenli ZONG, Peixiong ZHAO, Yanan SUN, Jiaoguo MA. Research on the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of urban network structure in Shandong Province based on the connection of listed enterprises[J]. World Regional Studies, 2024, 33(4): 88-102.

刘清春, 宗文丽, 赵培雄, 孙亚男, 马交国. 基于上市企业联系的山东省城市网络结构演变特征及影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2024, 33(4): 88-102.

Figures/Tables 11

References 32

1	柯文前,陆玉麒,俞肇元,等.基于流强度的中国城市对外服务能力时空演变特征. 地理科学, 2014, 34(11): 1305-1312.
	KE W, LU Y, YU Z, et al. Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of China's urban external service capacity based on flow intensity. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014, 34 (11): 1305-1312.
2	尹向来,黄彩虹.基础设施与城市化水平耦合协调关系演变——基于285个地级市的实证研究. 世界地理研究, 2018, 27(6): 77-87.
	YIN X, HUANG C. Evolution of coupling and coordination relationship between infrastructure and urbanization level: An empirical study based on 285 prefecture level cities. World Regional Studies, 2018, 27(6): 77-87.
3	吴康,方创琳,赵渺希.中国城市网络的空间组织及其复杂性结构特征. 地理研究, 2015, 34(4): 711-728.
	WU K, FANG C, ZHAO M. Spatial organization and complex structural characteristics of China's urban network. Geographical Research, 2015, 34 (4): 711-728.
4	高兴亮,殷为华.基于引力模型的山东省城市经济联系格局演变. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2015, 25(S1): 458-461.
	GAO X, YIN W. Evolution of urban economic linkage pattern in Shandong Province based on Gravity Model. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2015, 25 (S1): 458-461.
5	马学广,窦鹏.基于客运交通流的山东沿海城市带多中心结构特征研究. 现代城市研究, 2017(10): 101-109.
	MA X, DOU P. Study on multi center structure characteristics of Shandong coastal urban belt based on passenger traffic flow. Modern Urban Research, 2017 (10): 101-109.
6	李春平.信息流视角的山东省城市网络特征研究. 干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 29(12): 51-56.
	LI C. Research on urban network characteristics of Shandong Province from the perspective of information flow. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2015, 29 (12): 51-56.
7	曾文霞,董会忠,盛科荣,等.山东省创新网络演变特征及影响因素分析. 科技管理研究, 2020, 40(14): 116-122.
	ZENG W, DONG H, SHENG K, et al. Analysis on the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of innovation network in Shandong Province. Science and Technology Management Research, 2020, 40 (14): 116-122.
8	宗会明,吕瑞辉.基于物流企业数据的2007—2017年年中国城市网络空间特征及演化. 地理科学, 2020,40(5): 760-767.
	ZONG H, LV R. Characteristics and evolution of urban cyberspace in China from 2007 to 2017 based on logistics enterprise data. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2020,40(5): 760-767.
9	王聪,曹有挥.生产性服务业视角下城市网络的演化模式与机制研究:以长江三角洲为例. 地理科学, 2019, 39(2): 285-293.
	WANG C, CAO Y. Research on the evolution model and mechanism of urban network from the perspective of producer services -- Taking the Yangtze River Delta as an example. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2019,39 (2): 285-293.
10	PETER J T, BEN D, JAMES F, et al. Advanced producer service firms as strategic networks,global cities as strategic places. Economic Geography,2015,90(3): 267-291.
11	李仙德.基于上市公司网络的长三角城市网络空间结构研究. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(12): 1587-1600.
	LI X. Research on the network spatial structure of cities in the Yangtze River Delta based on the network of listed companies. Progress in Geography, 2014, 33 (12): 1587-1600.
12	韩会东,刘碧含,朱乐.基于外资企业属性的中国世界级城市群比较研究——以京津冀、长三角、珠三角为例//中国城市规划学会、东莞市人民政府. 持续发展理性规划——2017中国城市规划年会论文集(16区域规划与城市经济).北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2017: 37-46.
	HAN H, LIU B, ZHU L. A comparative study on China's world-class urban agglomeration based on the attributes of foreign-funded enterprises - Taking Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta as examples//China Urban Planning Society, Dongguan Municipal People's Government. Sustained Development Rational Planning -- Proceedings of 2017 China Urban Planning Annual Conference (16 Regional Planning and Urban Economy). Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2017: 37-46.
13	范雅辰,曹卫东,陈枳宇,等.基于千强高新技术企业的中国城市创新网络研究. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(5): 1036-1047.
	FAN Y, CAO W, CHEN Z, et al. Research on China's urban innovation network based on top 1000 high-tech enterprises. World Regional Studies, 2021, 30 (5): 1036-1047.
14	王传阳,盛科荣,张杰.中国城市网络核心-边缘结构演化及影响因素研究——基于制造业企业网络视角. 地球信息科学学报, 2022, 24(1): 141-152.
	WANG C, SHENG K, ZHANG J. Dynamics and determinants of the core-periphery structure of urban network in China -- A study based on the corporate network of manufacturing. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(1): 141-152.
15	邵海琴,王兆峰.中国交通碳排放效率的空间关联网络结构及其影响因素. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2021, 31(4): 32-41.
	SHAO H, WANG Z. Spatial network structure of transportation carbon efficiency in China and its influencing factors. China's Population Resources and Environment, 2021, 31(4): 32-41.
16	陆大道,孙东琪.黄河流域的综合治理与可持续发展. 地理学报, 2019, 74(12): 2431-2436.
	LU D, SUN D. Comprehensive management and sustainable development of the Yellow River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019,74 (12): 2431-2436.
17	ALDERSON A S, BECKFIELD J. Power and position in the world city system. American Journal of Sociology, 2004, 109(4): 811-851.
18	刘军.社会网络分析方法导论.北京:社会科学文献出版社, 2004.
	LIU J. Introduction to Social Network Analysis Methods. Beijing: Social Science Literature Press, 2004.
19	张学良,吴胜男,许基兰.基于企业联系的长三角城市网络结构演变研究. 南通大学学报(社会科学版), 2021, 37(5): 33-42.
	ZHANG X, WU S, XU J. Research on the evolution of urban network structure in the Yangtze River Delta based on enterprise connection. Journal of Nantong University(Social Sciences Edition), 2021, 37(5): 33-42.
20	李芝倩,樊士德.长三角城市群网络结构研究——基于社会网络分析方法. 华东经济管理, 2021,35(6): 31-41.
	LI Z, FAN S. Research on the network structure of urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta -- Based on social network analysis method. East China Economic Management, 2021, 35 (6): 31-41.
21	钟业喜,冯兴华,文玉钊.长江经济带经济网络结构演变及其驱动机制研究. 地理科学, 2016, 36(1): 10-19.
	ZHONG Y, FENG X, WEN Y. Research on the evolution of economic network structure and its driving mechanism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016, 36(1): 10-19.
22	杨雨,盛科荣.中国城市网络关联格局的演变及影响因素:基于企业网络视角. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(6): 1208-1218.
	YANG Y, SHENG K. Evolution and influencing factors of urban network association pattern in China: From the perspective of enterprise network. World Regional Studies, 2021, 30(6): 1208-1218.
23	胡正塬.第四极: 中国黄河几字湾战略经济区. 北京: 中共中央党校出版社, 2013.
	HU Z. Fourth Pole: China's Yellow River Jiziwan Strategic Economic Zone. Beijing: CPC Central Party School Press, 2013.
24	王芳,宋玉祥,王文刚.内蒙古区域经济差异及其演化研究. 经济地理, 2012, 32(11): 1-7.
	WANG F, SONG Y, WANG W. Research on regional economic differences and their evolution in Inner Mongolia. Economic Geography, 2012, 32(11): 1-7.
25	关溪媛.网络城市的形成机制、研究方法及对城市发展的影响——一个研究综述. 兰州学刊, 2013(9): 93-97.
	GUAN X. The formation mechanism, research methods and impact on urban development of network cities -- A research review. Lanzhou Academic Journal, 2013(9): 93-97.
26	于涛方.中国城市人口流动增长的空间类型及影响因素.中国人口科学,2012(4): 47-58.
	YU T. Spatial types and influencing factors of urban population mobility growth in China. Chinese Journal of Population Science, 2012(4): 47-58.
27	刘君德.中国转型期"行政区经济"现象透视:兼论中国特色人文—经济地理学的发展.经济地理,2006(6):897-901.
	LIU J.Perspective on the phenomenon of "Administrative Region Economy" in China's transformation period-On humanities with chinese characteristics-The development of Economic Geography.Economic Geography,2006(6): 897-901.
28	孙铁山.中国三大城市群集聚空间结构演化与地区经济增长. 经济地理, 2016, 36(5): 63-70.
	SUN T. Spatial structure evolution of China's three major cities cluster and regional economic growth. Economic Geography, 2016, 36(5): 63-70.
29	焦敬娟,张齐林,吴宇勇,等.中国异地投资网络结构演化及影响因素研究. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(8): 1257-1268.
	JIAO J, ZHANG Q, WU Y, et al. Research on the evolution of China's non local investment network structure and its influencing factors. Progress in Geography, 2021, 40(8): 1257-1268.
30	胡国建,陈传明,陈丽娟,等.企业跨区域投资格局及其影响因素——以福建上市企业为例. 经济地理, 2018, 38(9): 138-146.
	HU G, CHEN C, CHEN L, et al. Cross regional investment pattern of enterprises and its influencing factors - A case study of listed enterprises in Fujian. Economic Geography, 2018, 38(9): 138-146.
31	李苑君,吴旗韬,吴康敏,等."流空间"视角的电子商务快递物流网络结构研究——以珠三角城市群为例. 地域研究与开发, 2021, 40(2): 20-26.
	LI Y, WU Q, WU K, et al. Research on the structure of e-commerce express logistics network from the perspective of "flow space" -- Taking the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration as an example. Areal Research and Development, 2021,40(2): 20-26.
32	王文彬,唐德善.黄河经济带空间结构及影响因素研究:与长江经济带的比较分析. 地域研究与开发,2021,40(5): 25-30.
	WANG W, TANG D. Research on the spatial structure and influencing factors of the Yellow River Economic Belt: A comparative analysis with the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Areal Research and Development, 2021,40(5): 25-30.

都市圈	2010年				2020年
都市圈	平均联系强度	排名	最强联系对	联系强度	平均联系强度	排名	最强联系对	联系强度
省会经济圈	8.13	1	淄博-济南	15.00	23.00	2	淄博-济南	52.00
胶东经济圈	2.60	2	潍坊-烟台	3.00	36.40	1	烟台-青岛、烟台-威海	28.00
鲁南经济圈	0.75	3	济宁-菏泽	2.00	3.50	3	济宁-菏泽	5.00

都市圈	2010年				2020年
都市圈	平均联系强度	排名	最强联系对	联系强度	平均联系强度	排名	最强联系对	联系强度
省会经济圈	8.13	1	淄博-济南	15.00	23.00	2	淄博-济南	52.00
胶东经济圈	2.60	2	潍坊-烟台	3.00	36.40	1	烟台-青岛、烟台-威海	28.00
鲁南经济圈	0.75	3	济宁-菏泽	2.00	3.50	3	济宁-菏泽	5.00

2010年		2020年
编号	派系成员	编号	派系成员
1	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、潍坊	1	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、潍坊
2	济南、青岛、淄博、枣庄	2	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、济宁
3	济南、青岛、淄博、济宁	3	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、威海
4	济南、淄博、东营	4	济南、青岛、淄博、潍坊、临沂
5	济南、淄博、潍坊、威海	5	济南、青岛、东营
6	济南、淄博、潍坊、德州	6	济南、青岛、日照
7	济南、淄博、临沂	7	济南、青岛、德州
8	济南、青岛、济宁、泰安	8	济南、济宁、泰安
9	济南、青岛、烟台、泰安
10	济南、青岛、泰安、聊城
11	济南、东营、聊城
12	淄博、东营、日照
13	青岛、滨州、聊城

2010年		2020年
编号	派系成员	编号	派系成员
1	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、潍坊	1	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、潍坊
2	济南、青岛、淄博、枣庄	2	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、济宁
3	济南、青岛、淄博、济宁	3	济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、威海
4	济南、淄博、东营	4	济南、青岛、淄博、潍坊、临沂
5	济南、淄博、潍坊、威海	5	济南、青岛、东营
6	济南、淄博、潍坊、德州	6	济南、青岛、日照
7	济南、淄博、临沂	7	济南、青岛、德州
8	济南、青岛、济宁、泰安	8	济南、济宁、泰安
9	济南、青岛、烟台、泰安
10	济南、青岛、泰安、聊城
11	济南、东营、聊城
12	淄博、东营、日照
13	青岛、滨州、聊城

城市群	集聚力		辐射力
城市群	2010年	2020年	2010年	2020年
京津冀城市群	9.31	66.77	5.85	42.38
珠三角城市群	8.00	91.00	2.33	21.44
长三角城市群	2.73	26.07	2.29	21.22