Abstract:

The United States is the world's largest recipient of immigrants, and Mexico is the largest source of immigrants to the U.S. Special geographic ties and the large development gap have motivated many Mexicans to immigrate to the United States. Mexican immigrants provided sufficient labor for the United States, and the gathering of immigrants in the U.S.-Mexico border area has driven the development of border region between two countries. However, ethnic conflict has become one of the major social issues in the U.S., especially after the 9.11 attacks, division and opposition appeared in the U.S. society on ethnic minorities and illegal immigrants, becoming the focus of domestic political gaming. Based on the perspective of regional geopolitical relations, the long-term unequal international relations between the U.S. and Mexico have determined the inflow and survival of cross-border immigrants, which is also one of the main causes of ethnic conflicts in the U.S. With the politicization of the immigration issue, the uncertainty of Mexican immigration policy has increased, making it more difficult for immigrant individuals and families to integrate.

Key words: transnational population mobility, U.S.-Mexico relations, ethnic conflicts, cross-border region, U.S., Mexico

摘要：

美国是全球最大的移民接收国，墨西哥是美国最大的移民来源国，特殊的地缘关系和巨大的发展差距使众多墨西哥人移民美国。墨裔移民为美国提供了充足的劳动力，在美墨边境地区，移民集聚带动了两国边境地区的发展。但族裔矛盾始终是美国主要社会问题之一，特别是“9·11”事件后，少数族裔和非法移民问题加剧美国社会分裂和对立，成为美国国内政治博弈的焦点。基于区域地缘关系的视角来看，美国与墨西哥之间长期不对等的国际关系决定了跨国移民的流入状态和生存境遇，也是美国族群矛盾的主要原因之一。移民问题政治化将持续强化墨裔移民政策的不确定性，使移民个人与家庭面临更大的融入困难。

关键词: 跨国人口流动, 美墨关系, 族裔矛盾, 跨境地区, 美国, 墨西哥