Research on the relationship between regional innovation integration and localization of emerging industries:

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.06.2021166

Abstract

Abstract:

The technological innovation of emerging industries is the key field of regional competition, the impact of the rapid development of regional innovation integration on localization is a question that economic geographers need to answer. Taking the new material industry in the Yangtze River Delta as an example, this paper obtains the data of invention patents from Incopat patent service website, and explores the relationship between regional innovation integration and localization in cooperative R & D and patent transfer network from 2000 to 2017. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) In terms of spatial structure, the degree of regional integration in the two networks is highly related to the spatial pattern of localization, and both of them present a "core periphery" structure centered on the "Z" shaped region composed of "Hefei - Nanjing - Shanghai - Hangzhou - Ningbo". (2) The degree of regional innovation integration can promote the strength of local network, but there is a significant positive "U" relationship between integration and localization. On the one hand, it affirms that the regional innovation integration has positive significance for the improvement of regional overall innovation ability. On the other hand, it shows that the role of de-localization is dominant in the early regional innovation integration. But after a certain degree, the process of high-quality integration can force the local network to accelerate the development, and the regions with high degree of integration can take the lead in exerting the siphon effect and utilizing external resources to promote the process of re-localization. (3) The process of regional innovation integration is an interwoven process of de-localization and re-localization. It is crucial for local governments to reshape local networks and local characteristics with the help of integration forces.

Key words: emerging industries, regional innovation integration, localization, new material industry, innovation network

摘要：

新兴产业科技创新是地区间竞争的重点领域，而区域一体化进程深刻影响着地方化的重构，区域创新一体化的快速推进会对地方化产生何种影响是经济地理学者需要回答的问题。以长三角新材料产业作为新兴产业的典型代表，本文从IncoPat专利服务网站获取发明专利数据，对2000—2017年合作研发与专利转让网络中技术创新一体化与地方化的关系进行探究，主要结论如下：（1）空间结构上，两类网络中区域一体化程度与地方网络强度的空间格局高度相关，均呈现以“合肥—南京—上海—杭州—宁波”组成的“Z”字形区域为中心的“核心-边缘”结构。（2）技术创新一体化的推进能够促进地方网络强度的提升，而一体化与地方化程度之间存在显著的“U”形关系。这一方面肯定了新兴产业领域技术创新一体化对区域整体的创新能力提升具有积极意义；另一方面说明早期的产业创新一体化中去地方化作用占据主导；但至一定程度后，高质量一体化进程能够倒逼地方新兴产业创新网络加速发展，并且一体化程度高的地区可率先发挥虹吸效应，利用外部资源推动再地方化进程。（3）新兴产业技术创新一体化进程是去地方化和再地方化交织的过程，地方借助一体化力量重塑地方产业创新网络特性成为关键。

关键词: 新兴产业, 区域创新一体化, 地方化, 新材料产业, 创新网络

Zefeng MI, Jingxuan FU, Yuhui XIANG, Zhenning ZHU, Zhixin QIU. Research on the relationship between regional innovation integration and localization of emerging industries:[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(6): 87-97.

宓泽锋, 傅竞萱, 项煜辉, 朱振宁, 邱志鑫. 新兴产业区域创新一体化与地方化的关系探究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(6): 87-97.

Figures/Tables 6

Tab.1 Index selection results

模型	指标（缩写）	类型	表征含义	单位
模型 1	城市内合作研发次数（ $L . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ）	被解释变量	合作研发的地方网络强度	次
	合作研发中城市内部联系比重（ $P O C$ ）	被解释变量	合作研发的地方化程度	%
	城市间合作研发次数（ $N . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ）	核心解释变量	合作研发的区域一体化程度	次
模型 2	城市内部专利转让次数（ $L . A s s i g n m e n t$ ）	被解释变量	专利转让的地方网络强度	次
	专利转让中城市内部联系比重（ $P O A$ ）	被解释变量	专利转让的地方化程度	%
	城市间专利转让次数（ $N . A s s i g n m e n t$ ）	核心解释变量	专利转让的区域一体化程度	次
两模型共用	公共财政中教育支出经费（ $E D U$ ）	控制变量	教育投入	十亿元
	公共财政中科技支出经费（ $T e c h n o l o g y$ ）	控制变量	科技投入	十亿元
	城镇居民可支配收入（ $I n c o m e$ ）	控制变量	地区发展水平	万元
	固定资产投资（ $I n v e s t m e n t$ ）	控制变量	资金投入强度	千亿元
	外资企业工业产值（ $F o r e i g n$ ）	控制变量	外资企业力量	千亿元

Tab.1 Index selection results

模型	指标（缩写）	类型	表征含义	单位
模型 1	城市内合作研发次数（ $L . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ）	被解释变量	合作研发的地方网络强度	次
	合作研发中城市内部联系比重（ $P O C$ ）	被解释变量	合作研发的地方化程度	%
	城市间合作研发次数（ $N . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ）	核心解释变量	合作研发的区域一体化程度	次
模型 2	城市内部专利转让次数（ $L . A s s i g n m e n t$ ）	被解释变量	专利转让的地方网络强度	次
	专利转让中城市内部联系比重（ $P O A$ ）	被解释变量	专利转让的地方化程度	%
	城市间专利转让次数（ $N . A s s i g n m e n t$ ）	核心解释变量	专利转让的区域一体化程度	次
两模型共用	公共财政中教育支出经费（ $E D U$ ）	控制变量	教育投入	十亿元
	公共财政中科技支出经费（ $T e c h n o l o g y$ ）	控制变量	科技投入	十亿元
	城镇居民可支配收入（ $I n c o m e$ ）	控制变量	地区发展水平	万元
	固定资产投资（ $I n v e s t m e n t$ ）	控制变量	资金投入强度	千亿元
	外资企业工业产值（ $F o r e i g n$ ）	控制变量	外资企业力量	千亿元

Fig.1 The spatial pattern of patent and local network strength of new material industry in Yangtze River Delta

Fig.2 Spatial pattern of new material industry cooperative R & D and patent transfer network among cities in Yangtze River Delta

Tab.2 Panel OLS regression results of the impact of technological innovation integration of new material industry on localization

被解释变量	合作研发网络		被解释变量	专利转让网络
	模型1-1	模型1-2		模型2-1	模型2-2
	L.Cooperation	POC		L.Assignment	POA
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$	0.24^***	－0.10^***	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$	0.37^***	－0.02^***
	(0.09)	(0.03)		(0.12)	(0.00)
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ²	0.01^***	1.03e－03^**	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$ ²	－1.72e－03	1.80e－04^***
	(0.001)	(4.19e－04)		(1.38e-03)	(3.25e－05)
$T e c h n o l o g y$	0.68^***	0.03	$T e c h n o l o g y$	1.65^***	2.74e－03
	(0.16)	(0.05)		(0.42)	(0.01)
$E D U$	0.17^**	－0.03^**	$E D U$	0.51^***	－9.01e－03^**
	(0.08)	(0.01)		(0.19)	(4.55e－03)
$I n c o m e$	0.25	0.21^***	$I n c o m e$	1.92^***	0.03^**
	(0.20)	(0.07)		(0.51)	(0.01)
$I n v e s t m e n t$	1.42^***	0.34^***	$I n v e s t m e n t$	－1.13	0.06^***
	(0.30)	(0.10)		(0.76)	(0.02)
$F o r e i g n$	1.36^***	0.06^**	$F o r e i g n$	6.72^***	0.05^***
	(0.17)	(0.03)		(0.42)	(0.01)
常数项	－1.07^**	－0.02	常数项	－1.77	0.38^***
	(0.44)	(0.22)		(1.10)	(0.04)
观测量	738	738	观测量	738	738
样本数	41	41	样本数	41	41

Tab.2 Panel OLS regression results of the impact of technological innovation integration of new material industry on localization

被解释变量	合作研发网络		被解释变量	专利转让网络
	模型1-1	模型1-2		模型2-1	模型2-2
	L.Cooperation	POC		L.Assignment	POA
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$	0.24^***	－0.10^***	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$	0.37^***	－0.02^***
	(0.09)	(0.03)		(0.12)	(0.00)
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ²	0.01^***	1.03e－03^**	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$ ²	－1.72e－03	1.80e－04^***
	(0.001)	(4.19e－04)		(1.38e-03)	(3.25e－05)
$T e c h n o l o g y$	0.68^***	0.03	$T e c h n o l o g y$	1.65^***	2.74e－03
	(0.16)	(0.05)		(0.42)	(0.01)
$E D U$	0.17^**	－0.03^**	$E D U$	0.51^***	－9.01e－03^**
	(0.08)	(0.01)		(0.19)	(4.55e－03)
$I n c o m e$	0.25	0.21^***	$I n c o m e$	1.92^***	0.03^**
	(0.20)	(0.07)		(0.51)	(0.01)
$I n v e s t m e n t$	1.42^***	0.34^***	$I n v e s t m e n t$	－1.13	0.06^***
	(0.30)	(0.10)		(0.76)	(0.02)
$F o r e i g n$	1.36^***	0.06^**	$F o r e i g n$	6.72^***	0.05^***
	(0.17)	(0.03)		(0.42)	(0.01)
常数项	－1.07^**	－0.02	常数项	－1.77	0.38^***
	(0.44)	(0.22)		(1.10)	(0.04)
观测量	738	738	观测量	738	738
样本数	41	41	样本数	41	41

Tab.3 U test of U-shaped relationship in model 1-1, 1-2 and 2-2

变量	模型1-1		模型1-2		模型2-2
是否存在U形关系	不存在		正U形关系		正U形关系
极值点	－9.945 7		48.326 5		57.942 6
界线	Lower bound	Upper bound	Lower bound	Upper bound	Lower bound	Upper bound
Interval	0	75	0	75	0	109
Slope	0.244 3	2.086 7	－0.099 8	0.055 1	－0.020 9	0.018 4
t-value	—	—	－3.707 3	1.334 7	－7.368 3	3.837 7
P>∣t∣	—	—	0.000 1	0.091 5	0.000 0	0.000 0

Tab.4 Robust regression results of the impact of technological innovation integration of new material industry on localization

被解释变量	合作研发网络		被解释变量	专利转让网络
	模型1-1	模型1-2		模型2-1	模型2-2
	L.Cooperation	POC		L.Assignment	POA
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$	0.24^*	－0.10^***	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$	0.37^***	－0.02^***
	(0.13)	(0.03)		(0.14)	(0.00)
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ²	0.01^***	1.03e－03^**	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$ ²	－1.72e－03	1.80e－04^***
	(0.00)	(4.03e－04)		(1.30e-03)	(3.35e－05)
$T e c h n o l o g y$	0.68^***	0.03	$T e c h n o l o g y$	1.65^***	2.74e－03
	(0.17)	(0.02)		(0.43)	(0.01)
$E D U$	0.17^**	－0.03^**	$E D U$	0.51^***	－9.01e－03^**
	(0.08)	(0.01)		(0.16)	(4.14e－03)
$I n c o m e$	0.25	0.21^**	$I n c o m e$	1.92^***	0.03^**
	(0.22)	(0.09)		(0.72)	(0.01)
$I n v e s t m e n t$	1.42^**	0.34^***	$I n v e s t m e n t$	－1.13	0.06^***
	(0.58)	(0.09)		(1.18)	(0.02)
$F o r e i g n$	1.36^**	0.06^**	$F o r e i g n$	6.72^***	0.05^***
	(0.67)	(0.03)		(1.93)	(0.01)
常数项	－1.07**	－0.02	常数项	－1.77	0.38^***
	(0.34)	(0.09)		(1.14)	(0.05)
观测量	738	738	观测量	738	738
样本数	41	41	样本数	41	41

Tab.4 Robust regression results of the impact of technological innovation integration of new material industry on localization

被解释变量	合作研发网络		被解释变量	专利转让网络
	模型1-1	模型1-2		模型2-1	模型2-2
	L.Cooperation	POC		L.Assignment	POA
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$	0.24^*	－0.10^***	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$	0.37^***	－0.02^***
	(0.13)	(0.03)		(0.14)	(0.00)
$N . C o o p e r a t i o n$ ²	0.01^***	1.03e－03^**	$N . A s s i g n m e n t$ ²	－1.72e－03	1.80e－04^***
	(0.00)	(4.03e－04)		(1.30e-03)	(3.35e－05)
$T e c h n o l o g y$	0.68^***	0.03	$T e c h n o l o g y$	1.65^***	2.74e－03
	(0.17)	(0.02)		(0.43)	(0.01)
$E D U$	0.17^**	－0.03^**	$E D U$	0.51^***	－9.01e－03^**
	(0.08)	(0.01)		(0.16)	(4.14e－03)
$I n c o m e$	0.25	0.21^**	$I n c o m e$	1.92^***	0.03^**
	(0.22)	(0.09)		(0.72)	(0.01)
$I n v e s t m e n t$	1.42^**	0.34^***	$I n v e s t m e n t$	－1.13	0.06^***
	(0.58)	(0.09)		(1.18)	(0.02)
$F o r e i g n$	1.36^**	0.06^**	$F o r e i g n$	6.72^***	0.05^***
	(0.67)	(0.03)		(1.93)	(0.01)
常数项	－1.07**	－0.02	常数项	－1.77	0.38^***
	(0.34)	(0.09)		(1.14)	(0.05)
观测量	738	738	观测量	738	738
样本数	41	41	样本数	41	41

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