Abstract:

The right to development is a basic human right of states, collectives and individuals under international law, and indigenous peoples should naturally enjoy this right. In recent years, the indigenous people of Norway continue to oppose the government's Arctic development plan, and the conflict between the indigenous people and the government has become a social problem. The indigenous people believe that their right to economic and cultural development is hindered, and the indigenous people's development is forced to give in to "being developed", and facing economic development rights affected by Arctic development, green colonialist pressures and unequal rights to cultural development. What's more, it can be seen from the analysis that the reason for the conflict between the Norwegian indigenous and the government is that the indigenous peoples' rights to development and land resources are not adequately guaranteed by the Norwegian government and indigenous organizations, and there is a conflict between the right to development and the right to the protection of the environment. In the future, in the process of Arctic development in Norway, indigenous people will get more protection from Norwegian law, and more attention from indigenous organizations, and may be given more rights to self-determination and decision-making, and indigenous peoples will develop a diversified economy.

Key words: indigenous, Norway, right to development, Arctic governance

摘要：

发展权是国际法上国家、集体和个人的一项基本人权，原住民天然享有这一权利。近年来，挪威原住民不断反对政府的北极开发计划，原住民和政府间的冲突已经成为社会问题，原住民认为其经济和文化发展权利受到阻碍，原住民的发展被迫为“被开发”让步，且面临经济发展权利受到北极开发影响、绿色殖民主义的压力和文化发展权利不平等问题。通过分析可知，挪威原住民与政府产生冲突的原因在于，原住民的发展权和土地资源权利未得到挪威政府和原住民组织机构的充分保障，原住民的发展权与环境权之间存在冲突。未来，在挪威进行北极开发的进程中，原住民将会受到挪威法律更多的保护，也会受到原住民组织更多的关注，并可能获得更多的自决权和决策权，以及发展多样化经济的可能。

关键词: 原住民, 挪威, 发展权, 北极治理