Temporal and spatial variation of land development and utilization intensity in coastal zone of South Africa from 2000 to 2020

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.12.2021823

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on land use transfer matrix, dynamic attitude of land use type and land use development intensity model, six types of land use data were extracted from TM and OLI remote sensing images in 2000, 2010 and 2020 in the coastal zone of South Africa. This paper analyzes the structure, degree and spatio-temporal variation of land development and utilization in the coastal zone of South Africa from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that :(1) grassland and forest land were the main change patterns, followed by unused land and construction land expansion, and cropland and water shrank during 2000-2020. (2) In the process of land use change, the conversion between grassland and woodland and between cropland and grassland were the main types of land use change. (3) The intensity of land use development in the South African coastal zone shows spatial aggregation, forming high aggregation areas centered on Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, East London and Durban. The overall development and utilization intensity of coastal land in South Africa has not changed significantly in the past 20 years, but has shown a downward trend since 2010-2020.

Key words: South Africa, the coastal zone, land use, development intensity, temporal and spatial variation

摘要：

以南非海岸带为研究区域，利用2000、2010和2020年3期TM、OLI遥感影像提取6类土地利用类型数据，基于土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用类型动态度及土地利用开发强度模型，分析了南非海岸带2000—2020年土地开发利用的结构、程度以及时空变化特征。结果表明：（1）研究期间南非海岸带土地利用类型变化方式主要以草地萎缩和林地扩张为主，其次是未利用地和建设用地扩张，最后是耕地和水体萎缩；（2）土地利用变化过程中，草地与林地相互转化、耕地与草地之间的相互转化是土地变化的主要类型；（3）南非海岸带土地利用开发强度呈现空间聚集状态，形成了以开普敦、伊丽莎白港、东伦敦和德班等为中心的高聚集地区。20年间，南非海岸带土地的开发利用强度整体变化不明显，但2010—2020年以来强度呈现下降的趋势。

关键词: 南非, 海岸带, 土地利用, 开发强度, 时空变化

Haotian WU, Binglin LIU, Zhenke ZHANG, Wanyi ZHU, Shengnan JIANG. Temporal and spatial variation of land development and utilization intensity in coastal zone of South Africa from 2000 to 2020[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(12): 18-28.

吴皓天, 刘柄麟, 张振克, 朱婉怡, 蒋生楠. 2000—2020年南非海岸带土地开发利用强度时空变化研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(12): 18-28.

Figures/Tables 10

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类型	统计	2000	2010	2020	2000—2010	2010—2020
耕地	面积/km²	12 142.41	11 784.89	11 982.83	－357.519	197.943 3
耕地	比例/%	22.54	21.88	22.25	－0.66	0.37
林地	面积/km²	11 748.4	12 623.94	12 642.67	875.534 4	18.727 2
林地	比例/%	21.81	23.44	23.47	1.63	0.03%
草地	面积/ km²	25 037.25	24 273.45	23 864.75	－763.801	－408.694
草地	比例/%	46.48	45.07	44.31	－1.42	－0.76
水域	面积/ km²	776.158 2	572.775 3	653.586 3	－203.383	80.811
水域	比例/%	1.44	1.06	1.21	－0.38	0.15
建设用地	面积/ km²	2 130.278	2 202.733	2 348.613	72.455 4	145.880 1
建设用地	比例/%	3.96	4.09	4.36	0.13	0.27
未利用地	面积/ km²	2 041.354	2 409.565	2 350.524	368.210 7	－59.040 9
未利用地	比例/%	3.79	4.47	4.36	0.68	－0.11

类型	统计	2000	2010	2020	2000—2010	2010—2020
耕地	面积/km²	12 142.41	11 784.89	11 982.83	－357.519	197.943 3
耕地	比例/%	22.54	21.88	22.25	－0.66	0.37
林地	面积/km²	11 748.4	12 623.94	12 642.67	875.534 4	18.727 2
林地	比例/%	21.81	23.44	23.47	1.63	0.03%
草地	面积/ km²	25 037.25	24 273.45	23 864.75	－763.801	－408.694
草地	比例/%	46.48	45.07	44.31	－1.42	－0.76
水域	面积/ km²	776.158 2	572.775 3	653.586 3	－203.383	80.811
水域	比例/%	1.44	1.06	1.21	－0.38	0.15
建设用地	面积/ km²	2 130.278	2 202.733	2 348.613	72.455 4	145.880 1
建设用地	比例/%	3.96	4.09	4.36	0.13	0.27
未利用地	面积/ km²	2 041.354	2 409.565	2 350.524	368.210 7	－59.040 9
未利用地	比例/%	3.79	4.47	4.36	0.68	－0.11

2000—2010年			2010—2020年
序号	土地变化类型	面积/km²	序号	土地变化类型	面积/km²
1	草地—林地	3 556.26	1	草地—林地	1 867.25
2	林地—草地	2 644.75	2	林地—草地	1 755.73
3	耕地—草地	1 998.24	3	草地—耕地	811.58
4	草地—耕地	1 600.38	4	耕地—草地	583.80
5	草地—未利用地	964.42	5	林地—耕地	548.01
6	未利用地—草地	662.44	6	耕地—林地	518.07
7	林地—耕地	460.18	7	未利用地—草地	386.57
8	耕地—林地	397.77	8	草地—未利用地	324.21
9	水域—草地	100.39	9	草地—建设用地	192.70
10	草地—建设用地	93.66	10	建设用地—草地	98.84
以上累计		12 478.49	以上累计		7 086.76
其他变化（20类）		555.01	其他变化（20类）		632.26
合计（30类变化）		13 033.50	合计（30类变化）		7 719.02

2000—2010年			2010—2020年
序号	土地变化类型	面积/km²	序号	土地变化类型	面积/km²
1	草地—林地	3 556.26	1	草地—林地	1 867.25
2	林地—草地	2 644.75	2	林地—草地	1 755.73
3	耕地—草地	1 998.24	3	草地—耕地	811.58
4	草地—耕地	1 600.38	4	耕地—草地	583.80
5	草地—未利用地	964.42	5	林地—耕地	548.01
6	未利用地—草地	662.44	6	耕地—林地	518.07
7	林地—耕地	460.18	7	未利用地—草地	386.57
8	耕地—林地	397.77	8	草地—未利用地	324.21
9	水域—草地	100.39	9	草地—建设用地	192.70
10	草地—建设用地	93.66	10	建设用地—草地	98.84
以上累计		12 478.49	以上累计		7 086.76
其他变化（20类）		555.01	其他变化（20类）		632.26
合计（30类变化）		13 033.50	合计（30类变化）		7 719.02

值域	强度水平	指标	2000年	2010年	2020年
0~3	较低	面积/km²	7 840.11	7 829.23	7 956.05
0~3	较低	比例/%	14.65	14.63	14.86
3~5	中等	面积/km²	27 614.45	27 382.99	26 796.42
3~5	中等	比例/%	51.59	51.16	50.06
5~7	较高	面积/km²	12 794.85	12 864.24	13 768.83
5~7	较高	比例/%	23.90	24.03	25.72
7~10	高度	面积/km²	5 280.52	5 453.48	5 008.63
7~10	高度	比例/%	9.86	10.19	9.36