Abstract: This study establishes a formula of influence degree of urban spatial structure on residents' commute travel base on the theory of excess commuting. The empirical studies on the quantitative analysis of the influence degree of different urban spatial structure on residents' commute travel are made in this paper based on large scale questionnaire investigation of commuting. By the case studies, we find that urban spatial structure has a lower influence degree on residents' commute travel than commuters' socio-economic attribute. In order to reduce the commuting distance, urban spatial structure should be adjusted, and what's more, the factors that restrict the freedom to choose employment and housing location must be reduced. By comparison of the difference of commuting distance and excess commuting between Chengdu and Lanzhou, it shows that multi-center city has a shorter commuting distance and higher commuting efficiency than the single-center city on the condition of jobs-housing balance.

摘要： 借鉴国外过剩通勤理论，构建了城市空间结构对居民通勤行为影响度公式，并利用大规模问卷调查获取的通勤数据进行实证研究，定量分析了不同城市空间结构对居民通勤行为的影响程度。研究发现，城市空间结构对居民通勤行为的影响程度要小于个体社会经济属性对居民通勤的影响程度，因此，为了减少通勤，既要调整城市空间结构，更要减少个体自由选择职住区位的制度性约束；与单中心城市相比，各组团内部职住平衡度较高的多中心城市，在减少居民通勤距离，提高城市通勤效率方面具有更大的优势。

关键词: 城市空间结构, 通勤行为, 成都市, 兰州市, urban spatial structure, commute travel, Chengdu city, Lanzhou city