上海参与全球科技创新网络地位研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.02.2021071

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于WIPO数据库中全球专利合作数据，构建2010—2019年上海参与全球科技创新网络以及2019年全球32个第一等级科技型城市间的科技创新网络；并在此基础上运用社会网络分析、功能多中心迭代分析，探究上海参与全球科技合作的地位。研究发现：10年间上海在全球科技创新网络中已经扮演了相对重要的角色，但并未明显提升自身在科技创新网络中的地位。上海在全球32个城市创新联系强度排名第六，在创新联系广度上排名第一，上海现阶段与其他城市间的科技创新联系表现为广泛多元而不深入的特点。通过功能多中心迭代分析对32个城市进行分级，可以发现网络中各城市的创新地位表现为多中心高低分布特点；上海与伦敦、鹿特丹的地位相当，位于第三等级；在创新联系强度排名前6名的城市中已属于“边缘型”，与前5名城市的科技创新联系强度存在较大差距。

关键词: 上海, 科技创新网络, 社会网络分析, 功能多中心, WIPO

Abstract:

Based on the global patent cooperation data in WIPO database, we construct global science and technology innovation network of Shanghai from 2010 to 2019 and the global science and technology innovation network of 32 first level science and technology cities in the world in 2019. On this basis, we use social network analysis and functional polycentric iterative analysis to explore the evolution and status of Shanghai's participation in global science and technology cooperation. The results show that: in the past 10 years, Shanghai has played a relatively important role in the global science and technology innovation network, but it has not improved its position in the science and technology innovation network to a great extent. Among the 32 cities in the world, Shanghai ranks the sixth in the strength of innovation connection, and the first in the breadth of innovation connection. At present, the science and technology innovation connection between Shanghai and other cities can be characterized as wide diversity but not in-depth. Ranking the 32 cities through polycentric iterative analysis, we can find that the innovation status of each city in the global science and technology innovation local network is characterized by polycentricity high-low distribution; Shanghai, London and Rotterdam are in the third level; among the top six cities in the innovation strength connection, Shanghai has become "marginal", and there is a big gap between Shanghai and the top five cities.

Key words: Shanghai, science and technology innovation network, social network analysis, functional polycentricity, WIPO

沈泽洲, 王承云. 上海参与全球科技创新网络地位研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(2): 93-103.

Zezhou SHEN, Chengyun WANG. Shanghai's position in global science and technology innovation network:[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(2): 93-103.

图/表 5

图1 2010—2019 年上海参与全球专利合作总量及合作国家（地区）数

Fig.1 Total amount of global patent cooperation and number of cooperation countries（regions） of Shanghai from 2010 to 2019

图2 2010—2019年上海对全球科技创新网络的参与

Fig.2 Shanghai's participation in global science and technology innovation network from 2010 to 2019

表1 2019年全球第一等级32个城市间科技合作加权点度中心度排名

Tab.1 Weighted point centrality ranking of science and technology cooperation among 32 cities in the first level in the world in 2019

排名	城市	加权点度中心度	排名	城市	加权点度中心度	排名	城市	加权点度中心度	排名	城市	加权点度中心度
1	北京	1358	9	京都	226	17	旧金山	130	25	西雅图	60
2	东京	1221	10	剑桥	211	18	大田	128	26	广州	55
3	纽约	853	11	香港	198	19	横滨	124	27	芝加哥	41
4	大阪	810	12	首尔	178	20	神户	103	28	阿姆斯特丹	22
5	伦敦	558	13	慕尼黑	170	21	洛杉矶	96	29	巴尔的摩	18
6	上海	497	14	圣地亚哥	147	22	休斯敦	93	30	特拉维夫	12
7	鹿特丹	461	15	波士顿	140	23	圣何塞	87	31	耶路撒冷	4
8	深圳	352	16	巴黎	133	24	华盛顿	82	32	科隆	4

图3 2019年全球第一等级32个科技型城市功能多中心逐步迭代曲线

Fig.3 Stepwise functional polycentricity iterative curve of 32 first level science and technology cities in the world in 2019

图4 2019年全球第一等级32个科技型城市间专利合作联系网络注：节点的大小表示点度中心度的大小，网络中连线的粗细表示各城市间专利合作联系强度。

Fig. 4 Patent cooperation network among 32 first level science and technology cities in the world in 2019

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