朝鲜半岛的地理宿命？

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2025.03.20240552

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“半岛宿命论”是阐释朝鲜半岛历史命运与未来走向的一个经典地缘政治论述，认为由于朝鲜半岛“夹在海陆之间”的特殊地缘特性，自古以来便受制于周边大国，易沦为“海陆冲突”的牺牲品。然而该地缘特性并非自然存在，而是人为建构的地理想象。“宿命论”的本质是一种殖民与冷战话语，其意识形态根源是19世纪末宣扬“海陆冲突”的欧洲地缘政治学，由20世纪初的日本殖民史学家首创，以正当化日本对朝鲜半岛的侵略行为；美苏冷战对抗及后冷战时期美国的单极霸权进一步强化了该观念，并在半岛分裂体制下，内化为韩国社会的一种普遍认知。作为霸权国家制造的地缘政治恐惧，“宿命论”遏制了韩国在外交战略上的自主性，也阻碍了朝鲜半岛的稳定与东北亚和平。在全球多极化的背景下，超越海陆二元框架，避免地理环境决定论的复苏，是开启东北亚和平地理想象的起点。

关键词: “半岛宿命论”, “半岛想象”, 地理想象, 朝鲜半岛, 地缘政治, 海陆冲突, 地理环境决定论

Abstract:

"Peninsular Fatalism" is a classic geopolitical concept used to explain the historical fate and future trajectory of the Korean Peninsula. It asserts that the Korean Peninsula, due to its unique geographic position—situated "between land and sea"—has historically been subject to the influence of surrounding great powers. This positioning has rendered it vulnerable to becoming a victim of "land-sea conflicts". At its core, Peninsular Fatalism is rooted in colonial and Cold War rhetoric, with ideological origins tracing back to late 19th-century European geopolitical theories that promoted the idea of "land-sea conflict". It was initially articulated by early 20th-century Japanese colonial historians to legitimize Japan's invasion of the Korean Peninsula. The U.S.-Soviet Cold War rivalry, along with the subsequent era of American unipolar hegemony, gradually internalizing it as a common understanding within Republic of Korean society amid the division of the peninsula. As a geopolitical fear manufactured by hegemonic states, Peninsular Fatalism has constrained Republic of Korea's autonomy in foreign policy and impeded stability on the Korean Peninsula, as well as peace in Northeast Asia. In the context of global multipolarity, transcending the land-sea dichotomy and preventing the resurgence of geographical determinism is essential for fostering a new vision of peace for Northeast Asia.

Key words: Peninsula Fatalism, Peninsula Imagination, geographical imagination, Korean Peninsula, geopolitics, land-sea conflicts, geographical determinism

周晓蕾. 朝鲜半岛的地理宿命？[J]. 世界地理研究, 2025, 34(3): 129-141.

Xiaolei ZHOU. Geopolitical fatalism of the Korean Peninsula? : The historical construction and essence of Republic of Korea's "Peninsula Imagination" since modern times[J]. World Regional Studies, 2025, 34(3): 129-141.

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