长江经济带三大城市群内外联系及其空间结构异质性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.03.20230639

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

城市空间联系是城市群形态发育的基础。基于铁路客运大数据，从群内、群外视角探究长江经济带长三角、长江中游和成渝三大城市群的空间联系及其空间结构异质性，主要结论如下：①三大城市群的群内联系均强于群外联系，长三角、长江中游城市群的内外联系均以省内联系为主，但由于重庆直辖市对周边四川省所辖城市的强吸作用，使得成渝城市群群内联系中的跨省联系强于省内联系；但三大城市群的群内跨省联系强度远高于群外的跨省联系，意味着在内聚机制作用下，城市群内的城市更容易突破省界阻隔发生联系，实现区域一体化发展。②三大城市群的群内、群外联系强度分别在城市间距离0~100 km、0~300 km时达到最高，而且长三角、长江中游城市群的城市间内外联系强度均遵循距离衰减律，但成渝城市群只有群外联系符合这一规律。③超大特大城市均主导着三大城市群的内外联系，相同等级城市间联系强度均与城市规模呈正比，形成“强强联合”效应，而跨级城市间联系强度与级数差呈反向变化。④在群内、群外及总联系视域下，长三角和长江中游城市群的空间结构均呈多中心结构，不过，群外联系对前者的多中心结构具有强化作用，对后者却表现出一定的削弱作用；而成渝城市群在群内联系视域下呈“单核”形态，群外联系和总联系视域下均为“双核”结构，说明群外联系具有推动成渝城市群由“单中心”向“双中心”结构转变的功能。

关键词: 城市群, 空间联系, 空间结构, 铁路客运流, 长江经济带

Abstract:

Based on big data for rail passenger transportation, this paper explores the spatial linkages among three major urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Including the Yangtze River Delta,the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River City Agglomeration and the Chengdu-Chongqing City Agglomeration, as well as their spatial structural heterogeneity, from the intra- and extra-group perspectives. The results show that: ① The three major city agglomerations have stronger in-group links than out-group. There are predominantly intra-provincial links in both the Yangtze River Delta and the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River City Agglomeration. The Chengdu-Chongqing city agglomeration has stronger inter-provincial links than intra-provincial links. However, the intensity of inter-provincial links within the three city agglomerations is much higher than that outside the agglomerations, implying that under the effect of the mechanism of internal agglomeration, cities within the city agglomerations are more likely to break through the provincial boundaries to create links and realize the integrated development of the region. ② The intensity of intra-cluster and extra-cluster linkages of large city clusters reaches its highest at inter-city distances of 0-100 km and 0-300 km, respectively. And the intensity of in-group and out-group links between cities in the Yangtze River Delta and the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River city agglomerations follow the law of distance decay, but in the Chengdu-Chongqing city agglomeration, only the out-group linkage conforms to this law. ③ Megacities dominate the in-group and out-group links of the three major urban agglomerations. In the in-group and out-group links, the urban connection intensity of the three major urban agglomerations at the same level is proportional to the city size, while the cross-level urban connection intensity is inversely proportional to the series difference. ④ The spatial structures of the Yangtze River Delta and the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River City Agglomeration are polycentric, though the extra-cluster linkages have a reinforcing effect on the polycentric structure of the former. The Chengdu-Chongqing City Agglomeration has a "single-core" form in the view of intra-group linkage, and a "double-core" structure in the view of extra-group linkage and total linkage, indicating that the extra-group linkage is pushing the Chengdu-Chongqing City Agglomeration to change from a "single-center" to a "double-center" structure.

Key words: urban agglomeration, spatial correlation, spatial structure, railway passenger traffic flow, the Yangtze River Economic Belt

涂建军, 王静松, 汪世豪. 长江经济带三大城市群内外联系及其空间结构异质性[J]. 世界地理研究, 2024, 33(3): 89-102.

Jianjun TU, Jingsong WANG, Shihao WANG. The internal and external relations and spatial structure heterogeneity of the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt:[J]. World Regional Studies, 2024, 33(3): 89-102.

图/表 10

表1 长江经济带三大城市群群内和群外联系强度及其比值

Tab.1 The strength and ratio of internal and external connections among the three major urban clusters in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

城市群	群内联系强度	群外联系强度	群内与群外联系比值
长三角城市群	129.44	11.05	11.71
长江中游城市群	66.91	10.97	6.10
成渝城市群	47.58	7.11	6.69
三大城市群	90.53	10.32	8.77

表2 长江经济带三大城市群内部联系中省内联系与省外联系强度及其比值

Tab.2 The strength and ratio of intra provincial and inter provincial connections in the internal connections of the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

城市群	省内联系强度	跨省联系强度	省内与跨省联系强度比值
长三角城市群	72.18	58.13	1.24
长江中游城市群	51.29	22.50	2.28
成渝城市群	21.68	36.31	0.60
三大城市群	52.05	38.98	1.34

图1 长江经济带三大城市群不同间隔距离群内联系强度变化趋势

Fig1 Trend chart of changes in connectivity intensity within the three major urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt at different intervals

图2 长江经济带三大城市群内部不同规模等级城市间联系热图

Fig.2 Heat map of connections between cities of different sizes and levels in the three major urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

表3 长江经济带三大城市群外部联系中省内联系与省外联系强度及其比值

Tab.3 The strength and ratio of intra-provincial and inter-provincial connections in the external connections of three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

城市群	省内联系强度	跨省联系强度	省内与跨省联系强度比值
长三角城市群	64.72	9.06	7.14
长江中游城市群	33.88	10.81	3.14
成渝城市群	23.79	6.99	3.41
三大城市群	122.39	10.24	11.95

图3 长江经济带三大城市群不同间隔距离外联系强度变化趋势

图4 长江经济带三大城市群对外不同规模等级城市间联系热图

Fig.4 Heat map of connections between the three major urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and cities of different sizes

图5 长江经济带三大城市群内外联系强度空间分布

Fig.5 The spatial distribution of the strength of internal and external connections among the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

图6 长江经济带三大城市群城市中心性等级

Fig.6 The centrality level of the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

表4 基于不同联系视角的长江经济带三大城市群首位度和位序规模指数

Tab.4 The primacy and rank scale index of the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt based on different linkage perspectives

城市群	首位度	群内联系	群外联系	总联系	理想值
长三角	二城市指数	1.104	1.006	1.097	2.000
	四城市指数	0.434	0.388	0.420	1.000
	十一城市指数	0.386	0.367	0.378	1.000
	位序规模指数	0.985	0.965	0.971	1.000
长江中游	二城市指数	1.008	1.210	1.115	2.000
	四城市指数	0.481	0.491	0.484	1.000
	十一城市指数	0.447	0.455	0.454	1.000
	位序规模指数	0.954	0.998	0.986	1.000
成渝	二城市指数	2.447	1.005	1.256	2.000
	四城市指数	1.023	0.591	0.696	1.000
	十一城市指数	1.080	0.718	0.771	1.000
	位序规模指数	1.143	0.652	0.772	1.000

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