关键词: 发达国家, 国土空间规划, 前沿进展, 启示

Abstract:

Territorial spatial planning serves as the foundation for land development, utilization, remediation, and restoration, and provides the fundamental basis for economic and social development as well as ecological conservation. Developed countries have established unified territorial spatial planning systems. These systems combine rigid legal constraints with flexible implementation guidance, forming a graded evolutionary framework characterized by "tackling immediate challenges in the near term, facilitating transformation in the medium term, and providing long-term guidance for the future".To actively respond to many issues, such as the contradiction between development and protection, climate change, and uncertainties in territorial spatial restructuring, territorial spatial planning in developed countries has shown new changes: planning objectives highlight the principal position of the people value, forming a new governance framework that integrates efficiency, equity, and quality; the objects of planning are gradually expanding from traditional land resource development to multi-dimensional spaces such as brownfield remediation and redevelopment, underground space, marine space, and low-altitude airspace; and planning benefits are shifting from scale expansion to quality improvement, from incremental balance to stock value appreciation, and from factor guarantee to value creation. China should draw on the experience of developed countries, adapt to the contemporary transformation of global territorial spatial governance, and formulate a new plan for China's territorial spatial governance; expand the field of territorial spatial planning and build a multi-dimensional territorial spatial planning system; accelerate the legislative process for territorial spatial planning and complete legal system for territorial spatial governance; and improve policies for the development and utilization of territorial space to promote smart territorial spatial governance.

Key words: developed countries, territorial spatial planning, frontier progress, implications