深圳高新电子信息企业空间格局演化及其影响因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2020.03.2019384

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于深圳市2007—2017年电子信息类高新技术企业名录数据，通过全局墨兰指数、核密度分析与热点分析研究深圳市高新电子信息企业的空间集聚与演化特征，运用空间回归模型分析其影响因素及变化。结果表明：在研究时段内，高新电子信息企业全局集聚强度进一步升高，其分布经历了“集聚-分散-集聚”的变化过程；企业空间集聚由“双核共振”转变为“三足鼎立”格局，并形成“高新园区型”、“老工业区型”和“龙头企业型”三种集聚模式；园区政策、产业集聚一直是深圳电子信息技企业分布的关键影响因子，交通和区位等基础因素影响相对偏弱；影响因素的变化显示出产业集聚、对外交通因子的影响显著提升，知识技术因子的影响开始显现。

关键词: 高新技术产业, 集聚, 空间演化, 区位因素, 空间计量回归

Abstract:

Based on 2007- 2017 high-tech enterprises datasets of electronic information industry of Shenzhen, this essay used Moran's I index, Kernel density estimation, and Hot spot analysis to recognize the patterns and changes of geographical agglomeration of high-tech electronic information technology(HEIT) enterprises in Shenzhen. By employing a spatial regression model, we analyzed its locational choice in two stages of 2007 and 2017. Results show that: In the research period, Shenzhen HEIT enterprises present a higher level of global agglomeration, and its distribution experienced a change process of "agglomeration, dispersion, and re-agglomeration"; The spatial agglomeration has changed from "dual-core" to "triple-core" pattern, resulting in three kinds of clusters, including high-tech park oriented, historical industry area oriented and leading-enterprise oriented; Policy influence and industrial agglomeration effect play critical roles in making the locational choice for Shenzhen HEIT enterprises, while basic factors such as the accessibility of transportation has a moderate impact. In the latter stage, with the internalization of early input factors by government, the influence on the locational decision of IET enterprises is significantly increased, and its dependence of technology level and external traffic accessibility begins to manifest.

Key words: high-tech industry, agglomeration, spatial evolution, locational determinants, spatial regression

余颖, 刘青, 李贵才. 深圳高新电子信息企业空间格局演化及其影响因素[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(3): 557-567.

Ying YU, Qing LIU, Guicai LI. The spatial evolution of Shenzhen high-tech electronic information technology agglomeration pattern and locational determinants[J]. World Regional Studies, 2020, 29(3): 557-567.

图/表 8

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参数	2007年	2013年	2017年
I值	0.25^***	0.35^***	0.37^***
Z值	23.72	25.23	29.11
显著度	显著集聚	显著集聚	显著集聚

参数	2007年	2013年	2017年
I值	0.25^***	0.35^***	0.37^***
Z值	23.72	25.23	29.11
显著度	显著集聚	显著集聚	显著集聚

年份	数量(关内/全市)	原关内企业数量占比
2007	1031/1564	65%
2013	851/1835	46%
2017	3006/6888	42%

年份	数量(关内/全市)	原关内企业数量占比
2007	1031/1564	65%
2013	851/1835	46%
2017	3006/6888	42%

集聚热点区	2007年				2013年				2017年
集聚热点区	总数	百分比	峰值	均值	总数	百分比	峰值	均值	总数	百分比	峰值	均值
高新区集聚区(南山)	524	33.50%	81	14	491	26.75%	57	13	2301	33.41%	227	32
老工业区集聚区(福田)	301	19.25%	62	8	186	10.14%	46	7	507	7.36%	167	22
龙头企业集聚区(龙华)	-	-	-	-	67	3.65%	15	4	513	7.45%	76	18