Abstract: Oil palm is one kind of woody oil crops whose yield per unit area
is highest, it is known as "the king of world's oil". The proportions of its
production and trading volume are the highest in all kinds of oil crops, which
has huge economic benefits. This research studies the origin of the world palm
oil and geographical spread. It also analyzes oil palm production and trade
situation in recent years. The result shows: oil palm originates in Africa,
and spreads to the vast tropical areas of Asia尧Africa and Latin America, now
it forms three major producing areas, which are Central and West Africa尧
Southeast Asia尧Central and South America, it also has the basic pattern of ten
consumption areas such as India尧China尧the European Union. According to the
research, the trade trend of oil palm production can be forecast, which gets
three points: oil palm's acreage and consumer market will continue growing,
new technology will boost oil palm yield and the sustainable use of oil palm
will further to be strengthened.

Key words: oil palm, production and trade, spatial and temporal pattern trend

摘要： 油棕是世界上单位面积产量最高的一种木本油料作物，有“世界油王”之称。它的产量和贸
易量比重在植物油料中居世界第一，经济效益巨大。本文从世界油棕的起源与地理扩散入手，对近
年来世界油棕的生产贸易现状作了分析，结果表明：油棕起源于非洲，扩散到亚非拉广大热带地
区，目前形成中西非、东南亚、中南美三大产区和印、中、欧盟等十大消费地的基本格局。在此基础
上，对油棕生产贸易的发展趋势作了预测，一是种植面积和油棕消费市场将会继续增长；二是新科
技助力油棕的增产；三是油棕的可持续利用必将进一步加强。

关键词: 油棕, 生产贸易, 时空格局, 趋势