主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

World Regional Studies ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 48-62.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.09.20250054

Previous Articles     Next Articles

The impact of normalized operation of the Arctic Northeast Passage on the evolution of the spatial pattern of China's international maritime network

Yongyan LI(), Maixiu HU()   

  1. College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Received:2025-01-08 Revised:2025-05-28 Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-10-08
  • Contact: Maixiu HU

北极东北航道常态化运营对中国国际海运网络空间格局演变的影响

李永艳(), 胡麦秀()   

  1. 上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海 201306
  • 通讯作者: 胡麦秀
  • 作者简介:李永艳(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为极地战略与国际贸易,E-mail:liyongyan2022@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部后期资助重大项目(20JHQ016)

Abstract:

The extended navigable window of the Arctic Northeast Passage brought about by global warming provides a realistic possibility for its normalized operation. This paper utilized a social network analysis method to construct China's international maritime network based on the schedule data of the world's top eight liner companies, weighted by the navigation frequency and set up three normalized scenarios in combination with the current situation of cross-border transport of the Northeast Passage, to explore the evolution trends of the spatial pattern of China's international maritime network. The results show that: ① With the extended navigable period of the Northeast Passage, the network scale expands and connectivity strengthens, and the small-world characteristics become more significant, but the uneven development of ports also aggravates the network heterogeneity. ② As for the evolution of port status, the distribution of hub ports remains relatively stable, with only minor adjustments in order. When the Northeast Passage achieves normalized operation in summer, Shanghai port surpasses Singapore port and becomes the new network core. The shipping center gradually shifts northward, with ports north of Shanghai port significantly enhancing their central positions, among which Dalian port increases the most. Besides, the radiation scope of the northern core port group gradually expands, which strengthens the interconnection with European ports. ③ The China-Europe maritime pattern is reshaped. The transshipment roles of Southeast Asian ports on the traditional routes and Algeciras in Europe are gradually weakened, while ports such as Yokohama in northeast Asia and Hamburg in northwest Europe will emerge as new transshipment hub ports.

Key words: Arctic Northeast Passage, normalized operation, maritime network, weighted centrality, spatial pattern evolution

摘要:

全球气候变暖使北极东北航道的通航窗口期延长,为其常态化运营提供了现实可能性。本文利用社会网络分析法,基于全球前八大班轮公司的船期表数据,以通航频次为权重构建中国国际海运网络,并结合北极东北航道的跨境运输现状,设置了三种常态化运营的情景,探讨不同情景下中国国际海运网络空间格局的演变。结果表明:①随着北极东北航道通航窗口期的延长,网络规模扩大且连通性逐渐增强,“小世界”特性愈发显著,但港口发展不均衡程度的加深也使得网络异质性进一步加剧;②在港口地位演变方面,枢纽港分布相对稳定,仅在排名次序上小幅调整;当北极东北航道实现夏季常态化运营时,上海港将超过新加坡港,成为新的网络核心;航运中心逐渐北移,上海港以北港口的中心地位明显提升,其中大连港增幅最大,且北部核心港口群辐射范围逐步扩大,并强化了与欧洲港口的互联互通;③中欧海运格局将被重塑,传统航线上的东南亚港口和欧洲的阿尔赫西拉斯港的中转作用逐步减弱,而东北亚地区的横滨港和西北欧的汉堡港等港口将成为新的中转枢纽港。

关键词: 北极东北航道, 常态化运营, 海运网络, 加权中心性, 空间格局演变